Future Directions Plan - Portphillip.vic.gov.au
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanSt Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanJuly 2009Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanSt Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanJuly 2009Jill Orr-Young Landscape ArchitectsSandringham, VictoriaAcknowledgementsJeff BakerCity of Port PhillipDwayne CarterCity of Port PhillipAnn Cremean(former) City of Port PhillipKay RowanCity of Port PhillipChris WhiteCity of Port PhillipSteve FitzgeraldStephen Fitzgerald ArboricultureJohn HawkerHeritage VictoriaDr Sara MaroskeMueller Correspondence Project, RBGRichard BarleyRoyal Botanical Gardens MelbourneJohn ArnottRoyal Botanical Gardens CranbourneThe Friends of the St Kilda Botanical Gardens IncJill Orr-Young Landscape Architects
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanContentsTitlePage No.Summary 1Introduction 3Part 1: Botanic Function 6Plant Collections 6Major Design Elements 12Conclusions 18Part 2: Cultural Heritage Significance 20Original Design Intent 21The Central Heritage Core 29Part 3: Design Guidelines (Case Studies) 35Part 4: Summary Recommendations 43References 46Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanAppendices1. Tree Age Estimates2. Alister Clark Rose Varieties3. Analysis – Central Heritage Core4. Ideas for St Kilda Botanical Gardens 20105. Tilman W Gloystein6. Community CommentsJill Orr-Young Landscape Architects
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanSummaryFuture Directions PlanThe future directions plan is not a master plan - which would demand a multidiscipline project team, extensive community consultation, and be morecomprehensive and prescriptive in its outcomes. The value of the future directionsplan is its flexibility and its bridge between planning and design. It aims to reconnectthe past to the present by actions which will re-establish coherence andcontemporary relevance.Our approach has been to carefully examine all remnants of nearly 150 years ofgrowth and decline and redevelopment, and ask ‘what can be made of this placenow?’ The knowledge that these gardens were carefully planned and designedbrings a responsibility to respect ‘original design intent’ as can be rediscovered fromfragments of historical evidence. Inevitably there are gaps in the evidence, whichleaves place for reformatting the ‘traces’ as a connected whole and for newinterventions to be imagined.Botanic Function, Cultural Heritage Significance and New Cultural VitalityThe St Kilda Botanical Gardens is distinguished from other gardens in themunicipality by its botanic function. A botanic (botanical) garden has four key roles –scientific (plant collections), conservation, education (including interpretation) andrecreation.The St Kilda Botanical Gardens is recognised by Heritage Victoria for its culturalheritage significance as one of Victoria’s earliest botanic gardens, developed inassociation with the Botanic Gardens Melbourne and its first full-time directorFerdinand von Mueller, which retains an original geometric layout, features anoutstanding collection of mature trees, and remains a valued place of recreation. TheGardens reinforce a widespread local character of palm tree avenues and grassedsurface ambience, which encourages un-programmed activities such as wandering,promenading, resting and observing.The St Kilda Botanical Gardens continues to enrich lives in many different ways. Itattracts local dwellers who lack alternative garden spaces, as well as internationalvisitors who may combine a visit to the Gardens with a tram ride, Ackland Street caféculture, the St Kilda beach, or other attractions. The future directions planacknowledges a need for new ideas and continued renewal as a means of facilitatingcultural vitality 1. But it also values opportunities for the ‘ephemeral’ – both inorganised ‘events’ and spontaneous ‘happenings’ – which will leave no permanentphysical mark on the place.Each of these factors is teased out and examined in the following pages, to inspireactions that will strengthen the botanic function, respect the cultural heritagesignificance and promote new cultural vitality.Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects1
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions Plan‘Big Picture’ ContextIn 2010, the St Kilda Botanical Gardens will mark 150 years. From 1860, cyclicaldrought periods have impacted on the garden, but diverse plant collections havesurvived on piped water. It has recently been suggested that ‘drought’ is now aredundant term, and that climate change has brought a ‘permanent dry’ 2. Thissituation is a new challenge for the Gardens, with watering restrictions already at acritical stage 3A level, and traditional design elements such as fine grass lawns andannual bedding displays no longer feasible.The dry conditions threaten not only the fabric of the gardens but also the survival ofbiodiversity in the wild. Of approximately 3,200 native plant species in Victoria, nearly700 are considered to be in danger of extinction in the next few decades. Thus, theconservation role of botanic gardens has gained critical importance.2010 will also mark the target year for botanical collections on a world scale. The‘Millennium Seed Bank’, an initiative of Britain’s Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, aimsto collect and conserve seeds of 30,000 world species by 2010. As collaborationbetween the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne andVictoria’s Department of Sustainability and Environment, the ‘Victorian ConservationSeed bank’ will collect seeds of nearly 400 Victorian endemic plant species forstorage and research into germination requirements. Plants grown in the course ofgermination experiments will be further propagated by the RBG and replanted in thewild or in secure sites, such as the St Kilda Botanical Gardens.The St Kilda Botanical Gardens has a particular focus on the conservation ofindigenous plants of the ‘Sandbelt’ region, as a collection and as a seed source forpropagation and replanting in the wider municipality. This living collection issupported by knowledge contained in the ‘Indigenous Plants of the Sandbelt, AGardening Guide for South-eastern Melbourne’, (2002). Whilst this publication has aregional application, and came about through a rare collaboration between multipleagencies (including the City of Port Phillip), it nevertheless provides particularsupport for the scientific, conservation, education and recreation roles of the St KildaBotanical Gardens.Community consultationCommunity consultation was undertaken on 8 June and 13 June 2009. Duringconsultation, plans of trees to be removed and replaced, proposed signage and thefuture directions plan principles and values were displayed for discussion. Copies offuture direction plan and tree report were available for collection on the day and web.In summary, the community overall were supportive of the plan and reoccurringcomments focused on security and need for additional gardeners. Additionalprinciples and values were added including landscape aesthetics and need to retainharmony and sense of mystery in gardens. A detailed summary of all comments areattached in appendices.1The City of Port Phillip includes ‘cultural vitality’ as a key concept in its planning frameworkFrom an interview with Water Services Association of Australia executive director RossYoung, in ‘The Age’, Friday Sept. 7, 2007 (News 4)2Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects2
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanIntroductionThe future directions plan examines botanic function 3 and cultural heritage (Parts 1and 2). Though each is analysed separately, the resulting recommendationsacknowledge the interrelationships and interconnections, which make and enrich thecomplexity of the ‘place’, through inspired design. The concept of cultural vitality isinterwoven throughout, acknowledging the plant collections and history as living anddynamic.The Plan begins with knowing what resources exist – in the physical gardens, writtenanalyses 4, preliminary scoping 5, the memories of those who work there, an existingfeatures plan and plant inventory 6 – and looks for answers to questions that arise:What is the condition of the existing tree collection?How is planting structured as living botanical collections?What is missing from the complexity?Who was the original designer (beyond a name)?What was the original design intent?How does original design intent survive in the Gardens?How can interpretation enrich the visitor’s experience?What contemporary values can be reflected in the physical setting?The process of developing the future directions plan has included meetings with theclient group – Council officers and the Friends of the St Kilda Botanical Gardens –and liaison with the arboriculture consultant 7. There have been discussions aboutcelebration of the Gardens’ 150th anniversary in 2010. Although not part of our brief,the notes prepared as ‘Ideas for St Kilda Botanical Gardens 2010’ have beenincluded as an appendix (Appendix 4).Values and Principles:Values are the basis on which all else is built. In April 2007, the City of Port Phillipundertook a community summit to encourage debate and develop a shared vision fora 10-year Community Plan. Not surprisingly, environmental issues and socialinclusiveness were found to be high on the agenda for people living in Port Phillip.Details of how these will translate as actions for the St Kilda Botanical Gardens havenot yet been developed, but Council’s Revised Vision provides direction. From thiswe propose values and principles for the St Kilda Botanical Gardens as a point ofdeparture for the future directions plan. These were discussed with the client group.Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects3
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanValues:The botanical role (plant collections, conservation of species, interpretation)Age/history/heritage (conservation of the extant tree collection, conservation of8original design intent, interpretation).Diversity (a place for everyone, equitable access)Cultural vitality/life (movement/change, seasonal colour, changing light, events,ephemeral art)A welcoming setting (sun and shade, seating, lawns, drinking water,information, facilities, equitable access)Visible care (quality maintenance, attention to detail)Future heritage (new design – new ideas, renewal, layers)Landscape aesthetics (value the landscape settings and ensure the landscaperemains the dominant visitor experience)Community resource for diverse activities, resource for community education,recreational, social and culturalPrinciples:****************Maintain as public open space in perpetuityMaintain character and cultural heritage significance, while accepting theinevitability of continuing changes in detailMaintain botanical diversityMaintain a healthy tree collection, with a spread of ages, recognizing visualvalues, climatic constraints and the sequence of tree growth and maturationRecognise and accommodate climatic constraints (particularly wateravailability) and adapt to them through plant content management, andappropriate engineering interventionsProvide for passive recreation through appropriate but discreet facilities (lawnareas, discreetly placed rubbish bins etc)Foster community and cultural activities, including educational activitiesProvide attention to detail in garden, lawn and facility maintenanceMaintain an appropriate level of security, particularly through night timeGarden closuresCreate heritage, harmony and mystery through placement of plants andretention of heritage layoutAim to respond ‘beyond the visual’, eg. consider the other senses, particularlysmell and touch, the feeling underfoot, and intangible experiencesProvide free drinking waterIn recognition that this is a much-loved garden that offers respite for residentsand visitors who don’t have private spaces, appreciate and enrich what isalready there by small design interventions which integrate the whole (eg.spectacular effects can be created by strategic placement of one special tree)Retain stormwater on site for reuse/rechargeEnsure areas of dry rainforest have representation in the gardens that ensurediverse plant collection and visitor experienceCreate heritage, harmony and mystery through placement of plantsThese values and principles have been added to following community consultationon 8 June and 13 June 2009.Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects4
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanExclusions:The brief does not include strategies for conserving water, community consultation(other than meeting with the Friends Group), development of an interpretationstrategy, or detailed design, which are nonetheless important future tasks.Archaeological investigations have not been commissioned (but are recommended inconjunction with path works).3The four key roles of a botanic garden are scientific (plant collections), conservation,education (including interpretation) and recreation.4Conservation Management Plan 19965Preliminary scoping by Jill Orr-Young included research into original design intent and arecommendation for a major tree assessment study (completed by Stephen FitzgeraldArboriculture)6CoPP, March 20058 Botanical and heritage values of equal importance to local community7Stephen Fitzgerald Arboriculture has completed tree assessments as a separatearboriculture report. The resulting recommendations are endorsed by this Plan.Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects5
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanPart 1: Botanic FunctionPlant CollectionsThe basis of a botanic garden is its plant collections. The four roles of a botanicgarden (scientific, conservation, education and recreation) depend (with the possibleexception of recreation) on the plant collections.Neither the botanic role nor plant collections were specifically addressed in the StKilda Botanical Gardens Conservation Management Plan (1996) 8, and no policydirection was formulated. Instead, the ‘detailed descriptions’ of ‘soft landscape’describe landscape effects - structural planting, avenues, landmark specimens andgarden bed displays - with only general reference to the Alister Clark Memorial RoseGarden, the ‘native section’, the ‘consistent theme of palms’, and a ‘collection ofrainforest and tropical plants’ in the conservatory 9.A plant inventory (CoPP, March 2005) provides a basis for analysing existing plantcollections, in conjunction with an existing features plan. The inventory groups plantsin areas and themes (as shown by the headings below 10). However, the groupingsare sometimes at the expense of design intent, with planted features (such as thecentral feature of the Gardens and the avenues) divided by the groupings.The following analysis of existing plant collections, by areas, also considersopportunities for development of the collections. However, an overall policy is neededfor context. Three ‘major design elements’ are considered in further detail.Table 1 Analysis of Existing Plant CollectionsSee Fig. 1ReferencePlan ies27 taxa: mainlygroundcovers (74%), ofAustralian origin (93%);recent ngthen plantdesign/presentationof spaceRequires furtherconsultation anddetailed designNorthwestCorner26 taxa: mixture of trees(38%) and shrubs(50%); no strong theme;includes 19th centuryfavourites and rainforestspecies;Includes importantremnant Ulmusprocera ‘avenue’,which is thought todefine original pathlayoutRequires detaileddesignOpportunity for distinctive theme (eg.‘diversity at risk’, etc.)Opportunity to deliver a strongermessage about water conservation, insupport of the ecohouse, (eg. methodsdemonstration garden, low water-useplants, with interpretation)Opportunity for culinary collection, eg.‘SE Asia’, ‘bush tucker’, (inc ‘nativecitrus’), with interpretation (harvesting,recipes, demonstration)Opportunity for east coast Australia dryrainforest collection OR cacti/succulentcollectionJill Orr-Young Landscape Architects6
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions e WestBed(FormerlyBlessingtonGate Bed)33 taxa: mainly shrubs(73%), old-fashionedgarden favourites (eg.Buddleia, Viburnum);mainly European, SouthAfrican & Americanorigin; no AustralianprovenanceChoose plantspecies suited toMediterraneanclimateRequires detaileddesignBlessingtonGate East Bed(formerlyCamellia Bed)146 taxa: mainly shrubs(63%), includingTheaceae family (10%) Camellia, Gordonia;Rosaceae family (8%) Malus, Photinia,Spiraea; Caprifoliaceaefamily (8%) -Abelia,Viburnum, Weigela;other strong themes Japan & China originStrengthen existingthemeRequires detaileddesignMediterraneanBed161 taxa: mainly shrubs(53%), 15% ofMediterranean originStrengthen existingMediterraneanclimate themeRequires detaileddesignRose Garden(Including TheAlister ClarkMemorial RoseGarden)81 Rose varieties: 22Alister Clark bred Rosevarieties (of the 67Alister Clark varietiescurrently available)Poor collection ofAlister Clark bredRose varieties.Note David Austinbred Rosevarieties provingmore droughttolerant andpest/diseaseresistantRequires detaileddesign: noteexisting plantingdesign followscolour-wheelspectrum andindividual beds areplanted with asingular cultivar tostrengthen impactOpportunity to reinforce Gardenssymmetry at entrance (with BlessingtonGate East Bed)Opportunity to reinforce entranceexperience with ‘wow factor’Opportunity to strengthen theme ofnineteenth century shrub plants (refer‘Plants Listed in Nursery Catalogues inVictoria 1855 – 1889’, OPCA, RBG)Opportunity to reinforce Gardenssymmetry at entrance (with BlessingtonGate West Bed)Opportunity to strengthen theme ofnineteenth century shrub plants (refer‘Plants Listed in Nursery Catalogues inVictoria 1855 – 1889’, OPCA, RBG)Opportunity to strengthen Asian(Japan/China) collectionOpportunity to ensure low water needplants, including removal of existingplants with water needs greater than 800900mm annuallyOpportunity to review internal gardenpath to enhance visitor experienceOpportunity to develop Mediterraneancollection, (plants from 5 Mediterraneanclimate zones of the world: explorecountries such as Canary Islands, S.W.Africa, North Africa, North Chile, S.W.United States) Fig. 2Opportunity for interpretive signage topromote plants suited to non-irrigatedbeds/low rainfall needsOpportunity to improve the representationof Alister Clark bred Rose varieties, incinterpretation (see detailed analysisunder ‘Major Design Elements - TheAlister Clark Memorial Rose Garden’, p.11) ANDOpportunity to diversify Rose collectionby building on representation of DavidAustin Rose varietiesOROpportunity to redevelop section asMediterranean collection (plants from 5Mediterranean climate zones of theworld), inc interpretation Fig. 2Opportunity to replace English Box hedge(high water needs) with Rosemary orCatnip (low water needs)Opportunity to replace climbing roses(prone to possum browsing) with otherplant speciesOpportunity to plant Artimisia at base ofCypress hedge as backdrop to RosesOpportunity for rose catenaryOpportunity to replace deterioratingtimbers of rose arbourJill Orr-Young Landscape Architects7
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions 54 taxa: mainlydecorative, flowering,scented, fruiting; shrubs68%; garden origin 18.5%;This Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)Requires detaileddesign inconjunction withRose GardenRose Emb.Nth12 taxa: mainlydecorative, flowering;shrubs 42%Requires detaileddesignRose Emb.Sth7 taxa: decorative,flowering, scentedRequires detaileddesignNorthCrescent Bed125 taxa: inc east coastAustralia landmarktrees, rainforest speciesAgathis robusta(Araucariacea family),Brachychiton acerifolius,Stenocarpus salignus;56% of listed speciesare represented in thisbed only; leafyenclosed space, ferns,flowering understorey;strong representationChina/JapanThis Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)Requires detaileddesignRecommendation:Improve enclosure of the ‘centralspace’ by tall evergreen planting in theRose EmbankmentOpportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced) as existingtrees age and decline, in conjunction withNorth Crescent Bed, South CrescentBed, Salvia Bed, Buddleia Bed,Chessboard Bed, Pond East Bed Fig. 3Opportunity for culinary collection (smalltrees, eg. mulberry, pistachio)Opportunity to remove high water-needplants eg. BetulaOpportunity to strengthen Magnoliaceacollection (Magnolia, Michelia,Liriodendron genera) eg. ‘Magnolia Walk’OROpportunity to redevelop asMediterranean collection (plants from 5Mediterranean climate zones of theworld), (see also Rose Garden, above)Fig. 2Opportunity to strengthen Magnoliaceacollection (Magnolia, Michelia,Liriodendron genera) eg. ‘Magnolia Walk’OROpportunity to feature Doryanthes spp.AND extend Mediterranean collection(see also Rose Garden, above) Fig. 2Opportunity to enclose Rose Gardenfrom pathRecommendations:Preserve spatial enclosure andspecies diversityRetain east coast Australia dryrainforest collectionOpportunity to build on existing plantingframework, whilst removing high waterneed speciesOpportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced) inconjunction with South Crescent Bed,Salvia Bed, Rose Embankment Bed,Buddleia Bed, Chessboard Bed, PondEast Bed Fig. 3Part ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects8
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanDescriptionCommentsOpportunities41 taxa: mainlydecorative; no strongthemesRequires detaileddesignPond StreamBed48 taxa, mainlyAustralian native (85%);mainly ground layer(grasses, sedges) &water-related; Palmtheme‘Botanic’ functionneeds definitionNote importantremnant Ulmusprocera avenue,which is thought todefine original pathlayout.Note the pond andconservatory donot relate asoriginally intended.Requires detaileddesignConservatory76 taxa, east coastAustralia rainforestcollection, (recently‘rationalised’); diversecollection representingrainforest layers,including (tropical)palms, ferns, lilies,orchids; 74% taxa arerepresented only inthis section of theGardens30 taxa: mainly shrubs,including Salviacollection; small LilaccollectionLinks to NorthCrescent andSouth CrescentcollectionsRecommendation:Retain large conifer treesOpportunity for thematic collection, eg.Cycad collection, Conifer collectionOpportunity for strengthened (dry land)Palm theme, to link with conservatorythemeOpportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced), asexisting trees age and decline, inconjunction with North Crescent Bed,South Crescent Bed, Salvia Bed, RoseEmbankment Bed, Buddleia Bed,Chessboard Bed Fig. 3Opportunity to harvest water to supplypond stream bedOpportunity for strengthened aquatictheme, eg. indigenous wetland plants (incnaming and interpretation)Opportunity to improve water quality byplant choiceOpportunity to plant ‘islands’ withconsideration of pond reflections –investigate an Iris collectionOpportunity to strengthen design byrepeating plants as link to new HerbertStreet bedOpportunity to link to conservatory bypath or hard space via existing crossingOpportunity for ‘deck chair’ lawn (hire ofdeck chairs, improved lawn space,improved spatial enclosure)Opportunity for Herbert Street boundaryscreening (east coast Australian dryrainforest collection OR NZ collection)Opportunity to improve naming andinterpretation of east coast Australiarainforest collectionOpportunity for inclusion of tables andchairs to allow time for visitorappreciation/contemplationPond EastBedPart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4Salvia BedPart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4This Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)Opportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced), asexisting trees age and decline, inconjunction with North Crescent Bed,South Crescent Bed, Rose EmbankmentBed, Buddleia Bed, Chessboard Bed,Pond East Bed Fig. 3Opportunity for theme collection eg.Salvia collectionJill Orr-Young Landscape Architects9
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanSouthCrescent BedPart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4Buddleia BedPart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4KoelreutariaBedPart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4ChessboardBedDescriptionCommentsOpportunities98 taxa: trees 36%;shrubs 55%; strong eastcoast Australia theme,rainforest species 11;Landmark treeAraucaria bidwillii; minorN.Z. & S. Africanthemes;40% taxa arerepresented in thisbed only; dark, leafyenclosed space; links toconservatory collectionThis Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)44 taxa: mainly shrubs(75%), Buddleiaceaefamily minor theme(9%), Lamiaceae family30% (Plectranthus,Salvia, Teucrium);garden origin 39%This Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)Recommendations:Preserve spatial enclosure andspecies diversityRetain east coast Australia dryrainforest themeOpportunity to build on existing plantingframework, whilst removing high waterneed speciesOpportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced), asexisting trees age and decline, inconjunction with North Crescent Bed,Salvia Bed, Rose Embankment Bed,Buddleia Bed, Chessboard Bed, PondEast Bed Fig. 3Recommendation:Preserve spatial enclosureOpportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced), asexisting trees age and decline, inconjunction with North Crescent Bed,South Crescent Bed, Salvia Bed, RoseEmbankment Bed, Chessboard Bed,Pond East Bed Fig. 3Opportunity for theme collectionOR continue east coast Australia dryrainforest theme OR Mediterraneanclimate themeOpportunity for theme collectionOR continue east coast Australia dryrainforest theme42 taxa: mainly shrubs(67%), Koelreutariapaniculata ‘Golden RainTree’ – (National TrustRegister of SignificantTrees), recentlyreplaced13 Taxa: no clearthemes;Part ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4CypressAvenuePart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 448 taxa: dominantconifer theme: (Cedrus,Cupressus,Chamaecyparus,Juniperus, Picea)This Bed is alsopart of theextended featureof the centre of theGardens(see ‘Major DesignElements – thecentral feature ofthe Gardens’, p.10)Mixed age avenue(from c.1920) ofCupressustorulosa (BhutanCypress)* andCedrus deodara(Cedar)Opportunity for Brachychiton acerifolius/Stenocarpus salignus/Erythrina sp. ‘red’theme (symmetrically spaced), asexisting trees age and decline, inconjunction with North Crescent Bed,South Crescent Bed, Salvia Bed, RoseEmbankment Bed, Buddleia Bed, PondEast Bed Fig. 3Opportunity for theme collection eg.Cycad collectionRefer SFA Sept 2007, Para 5.3 forrecommendations re maintenance,removals and replacement(Opportunity to provide new gateentrance suitable to botanic gardens andcentral core)Opportunity to improve understoreyplants suitable to dry shade* Note correct I.D.Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects10
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions en133 taxa: mostly fromSE Australia; trees 19%/shrubs 26%/groundcovers 54%including 17 GrassesSeerecommendationsfor perimeter pathin southwestsection (p.22)Lawn Trees107 taxa:north-west lawn:dominant Quercuscollection (4 species),includes part of Palmavenue;north-east lawn:dominant Palmcollection (4 taxa),Conifers (5 taxa),includes part of Palmavenue;playground lawn:dominant Palmcollection (6 taxa),Conifers (4 taxa),includes Cherry Treeavenuesouth lawn: dominantSE Australia taxa; andConifers (8 taxa)Includes avenues(see ‘Major DesignElements – TheAvenues’, p.11)Requires detaileddesignRecommendation:Develop the indigenous collection bycompleting its representation of‘Sandbelt’ plant species as described inthe ‘Indigenous Plants of the Sandbelt, AGardening Guide for South-easternMelbourne’, (2002), and by labellingand interpretationRecommendation:Remove Cherry Tree avenue andreplace with Corymbia ficifolia cultivarand Brachychiton cultivar (select forflowers and height of 3 metres), suitablyspacedOpportunity for Australian (nonindigenous) showy flowering shrubcollection to south-east boundaries, incAcacia, Banksia, Grevillea, Hakeacollections (yellow theme)Palm avenuepart ofCENTRALHERITAGECORE Fig. 4Includes treeslisted on NTSig. TreeRegister, VHR,and trees ofassessedlandscapevalue(refer report,StephenFitzgeraldArboriculture,Sept. 2007)Refer SFA Sept 2007, Para 5.2 forrecommendations re maintenance of thePalm avenue and Para 5.4 forrecommendations re open lawn spaces(in removing poorly performing speciesthere may be an opportunity to createlawn spaces)Recommendations: Develop a Living Collections Policy that includes consideration ofthe recommendations and opportunities identified for the gardenareas in Table 1 12 and Figs. 1 - 5 Secure plant collections against theft and vandalism by improvedboundary fencing, in conjunction with the retention of a securityservice 13Jill Orr-Young Landscape Architects11
St Kilda Botanical GardensFuture Directions PlanMajor Design ElementsThe central feature of the Gardens-----Focus of the ‘central heritage core’ Fig. 4Symmetrical arrangement of beds and shrubberies from a centre pointdefines the crossing of the north-south and east-west design axesComprises:Outer circle including the North and South Crescent
The St Kilda Botanical Gardens is distinguished from other gardens in the municipality by its botanic function. A botanic (botanical) garden has four key roles - scientific (plant collections), conservation, education (including interpretation) and recreation. The St Kilda Botanical Gardens is recognised by Heritage Victoria for its cultural
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