The Ecosystem Approach - International Union For Conservation Of Nature

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V ÃÞÃÌi Ê ««À V\Ê i À }ÊvÀ Ê\Ê i À }ÊvÀ ÊÝ«iÀ i ViÊÝ«iÀ i ViÊ/ /iÊiÊV ÃÞÃÌi Ê ««À VINTERNATIONAL UNION NIONUNIONFORFORCONSERVATIONCONSERVATION OFOF NATURENATURERue Mauverney 281196Gland, SwitzerlandRueRue MauverneyMauverney2828ecosystems@iucn.org11961196 Gland,Gland, s@iucn.orgTel: 41 22 999 0215Fax:Tel:Tel: 4141 2222 364999999 962202150215Fax:Fax: 4141 2222 364364 temswww.iucn.org/ecosystemsTheThe EcosystemEcosystem ApproachApproachLearning from ExperienceLearning from ExperienceGill Shepherd, EditorGillGill Shepherd,Shepherd, EditorEditorEcosystem Management Series No.5EcosystemEcosystem ManagementManagement SeriesSeries No.5No.5 1 1 World HeadquartersWorldWorld HeadquartersHeadquarters

The Ecosystem ApproachLearning from Experience

)5#. Õ i Ê Ê {n]Ê 1 Ê ÌiÀ Ì Ê1 Êv ÀÊ ÃiÀÛ Ì Ê vÊ ÌÕÀi ÊLÀ }ÃÊÌ }iÌ iÀÊ-Ì ÌiÃ]Ê} ÛiÀ i ÌÊ }i V iÃÊ Ê Ê ÛiÀÃiÊÀ }iÊ vÊ } ÛiÀ i Ì Ê À} â Ì ÃÊ Ê ÊÕ µÕiÊÜ À Ê« ÀÌ iÀà «\Ê ÛiÀÊ äääÊ i LiÀÃÊ Ê ]ÊëÀi Ê VÀ ÃÃÊà iÊ ÈäÊV Õ ÌÀ ià ÃÊ Ê1 ]Ê 1 ÊÃii ÃÊÌ Ê yÕi Vi]Êi V ÕÀ }iÊ Ê Ãà ÃÌÊà V iÌ iÃÊÌ À Õ} ÕÌÊÌ iÊÜ À ÊÌ ÊV ÃiÀÛiÊÌ iÊ Ìi}À ÌÞÊ Ê ÛiÀà ÌÞÊ vÊ ÌÕÀiÊ ÊÌ Êi ÃÕÀiÊÌ ÌÊ ÞÊÕÃiÊ vÊ ÌÕÀ ÊÀià ÕÀViÃÊ ÃÊiµÕ Ì L iÊ ÊiV } V ÞÊÃÕÃÌ L i Ê 1 ÊLÕ ÃÊ ÊÌ iÊÃÌÀi }Ì ÃÊ vÊ ÌÃÊ i LiÀÃ]Ê iÌÜ À ÃÊ Ê« ÀÌ iÀÃÊÌ Êi ViÊÌ i ÀÊV « V ÌÞÊ ÊÌ ÊÃÕ«« ÀÌÊ} L Ê ViÃÊÌ Êà vi}Õ À Ê ÌÕÀ ÊÀià ÕÀViÃÊ ÌÊ V ]ÊÀi} Ê Ê} L Ê iÛi à )5#. S %COSYSTEM -ANAGEMENT 3ERIES/ iÊÜi Li }Ê vÊ«i « iÊ Ê ÛiÀÊÌ iÊÜ À Ê i«i ÃÊ ÊÌ iÊÛ À ÕÃÊ} ÃÊ ÊÃiÀÛ ViÃÊÊ«À Û i ÊLÞÊiV ÃÞÃÌi Ã]Ê V Õ }Êv ]ÊvÕi ]ÊV ÃÌÀÕVÌ Ê ÌiÀ Ã]ÊV i ÊÜ ÌiÀÊ Ê À]Ê Ê«À ÌiVÌ ÊvÀ Ê ÌÕÀ Ê â À Ã Ê V ÃÞÃÌi Ã]Ê ÜiÛiÀ]Ê ÀiÊÕ iÀÊ VÀi à }Ê«ÀiÃÃÕÀiÊvÀ ÊÊÕ ÃÕÃÌ L iÊÕÃiÊ Ê Ì iÀÊÌ Ài ÌÃÊ V Õ }Ê ÕÌÀ } ÌÊV ÛiÀà Ê/ Ê ÀiÃÃÊÌ ÃÊV ViÀ ]Ê 1 Ê«À ÌiÃÊÌ iÊÃ Õ Ê }i i ÌÊ vÊiV ÃÞÃÌi ÃÊÌ À Õ} ÊÌ iÊÜ iÀÊ «« V Ì Ê vÊÌ iÊV ÃÞÃÌi Ê ««À V ÊpÊ ÊÃÌÀ Ìi}ÞÊv ÀÊÌ iÊ Ìi}À Ìi Ê }i i ÌÊ vÊ ]ÊÜ ÌiÀÊ Ê Û }ÊÀià ÕÀViÃÊÌ ÌÊ« ViÃÊ Õ Ê ii ÃÊ ÌÊ ÌÃÊVi ÌÀi Ê/ iÊ Ê vÊÌ iÊ 1 Ê V ÃÞÃÌi Ê }i i ÌÊ-iÀ iÃÊ ÃÊÌ ÊÃÕ«« ÀÌÊLiÃÌÊ«À VÌ ViÊiV ÃÞÃÌi Ê }i i Ì]ÊL Ì Ê ÌÊwi Ê Ê« VÞÊ iÛi Ã]ÊÌ Êi «ÊÀi ÃiÊ 1 ½ÃÊÛ Ã Ê vÊ Ê ÕÃÌÊÜ À ÊÌ ÌÊÛ ÕiÃÊ ÊV ÃiÀÛiÃÊ ÌÕÀi

The Ecosystem ApproachLearning from ExperienceGill Shepherd, Editor

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#ONTENTS!CKNOWLEDGEMENTS&OREWORD /VERVIEW'ILL 3HEPHERD4ABLE 4ABLE VIIIX 4HE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH PRINCIPLES GROUPED INTO lVE STEPS BY )5#. S #%!PPLYING THE 0RINCIPLES OF THE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH .IGER AND .IGERIA THE -ARADI ANO REGION! DRYLAND CASE STUDY OF LOCAL NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT-ICHAEL -ORTIMORE *OSEPH !RIYO )BRAHIM -OUSSA "OUZOU 3ALISU -OHAMMEDAND "OUBACAR 9AMBA&IGURE 3CHEMATIC REPRESENTATIONS OF INTERACTIVE AREAS 4UMBAU&IGURE 3CHEMATIC REPRESENTATIONS OF INTERACTIVE AREAS AGACERI-AP ,OCATION OF THE STUDY VILLAGES IN .IGER AND .IGERIA-AP &IELD SKETCH OF 3ERKEN (AUSA4ABLE 6ARIATIONS BETWEEN 4UMBAU AND AGACERI FARMING SPECIALISTS4ABLE 6ARIATIONS BETWEEN 4UMBAU AND AGACERI LIVESTOCK SPECIALISTS4ABLE 4REE SPECIES COMMONLY FOUND ACROSS THE .IGERIAN AND .IGER SITES4ABLE &ARMER STRATEGIES FOR SOIL FERTILITY4ABLE %COSYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT -EKONG ELTA 4RAM #HIM .ATIONAL 0ARK4HE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH METHODOLOGY-ARTIN VAN DER 3CHANS AND .GUYEN (UU 4HIEN-AP ONG 4HAP -OI 0LAIN OF 2EEDS&IGURE 3EASONAL CALENDAR OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND LIVELIHOODS AROUND 4#.0&IGURE &LOODPLAIN MODIlCATIONS AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE ECOSYSTEM4ABLE #HARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNES AROUND 4#.0 .ORTHERN #ONGO THE CASE OF #)"!PPLYING THE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH IN THE CONTEXT OF A LOGGING CONCESSION-ARTIJN TER (EEGDE AND 3IMON 2IETBERGEN-AP 4HE LOCATION OF #)" S &OREST -ANAGEMENT 5NITS-AP 4HE #)" CONCESSION AND .04ABLE #OMPARISON OF &3# PRINCIPLES AND FOREST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES "OCAS DEL 4ORO ARCHIPELAGO 0ANAMA4HE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH AND RAPID SOCIAL CHANGE.ESTOR 7INDEVOXHEL AND -ARTIJN TER (EEGDE-AP 0ANAMA-AP 0ROTECTED AREAS IN THE ARCHIPELAGO )NDONESIAN 0APUA 0OVERTY AND NATURAL RESOURCES2ECONCILING GROWTH AND SOCIAL JUSTICE THROUGH AN %COSYSTEM !PPROACH-ARTIN AYOI !DRIAN 7ELLS AND 'ILL 3HEPHERD-AP )NDONESIAN 0APUA SHOWING THE ISTRICTS OF *AYAWIJAYA AND *AYAPURA-AP 4HE -INISTRY OF &ORESTS CLASSIlCATION OF 0APUA S FOREST LANDS

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/VERVIEW 4HE %COSYSTEM !PPROACH'ILL 3HEPHERD

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