Cell Campaign - Bemidji State University

Cell CampaignObjective: To have students learn each cell component's function.Standard:Strand IV. Sub-Strand A.Standard: The student will understand that all organisms are composed of cells that carryon the many functions needed to sustain life.Benchmark 6: The student will understand that all organisms are composed of cells thatcarry on the many functions needed to sustain life.Materials Needed:1. Power Point on Organelles and their functions2. Cell Campaign Introduction Sheet3. Grading Requirements and Grading Sheet4. Schedule5. Organelle List6. Hat to draw from7. Slogan Design and Approval Form8. Preparation Grading Sheet9. Art Supplies- Poster Board- Markers/ Colored Pencils10. Final Test

Cell Campaign Schedule:Monday:1. Cell Component Lecture2. Draw for Organelle and Start WorkingTuesday:1. Research Organelle - use text book2. Campaign Buttons DueWednesday:1. Campaign Signs and2. Campaign Banner DueThursday:1. Speech Outline Due2. Questions for other Organelles Due3. Smear Campaign DueFriday:1. Give Speech - Campaign DayMonday:1. Organelle Test

gure 11Mitochondria Rod shaped organellethat is the "Power Center"of the Cell- Converts nutrients andoxygen into cellular energy(ATP) Found exclusively inEukaryotic Cells Has inner and outermembrane- Membranes composed ofphospholipid bi-Iayers andprotiens.

Mitochondria IIMitochondria Inner Structure Two areas inMitochondria- Inter membrane Space Cristae are the folds ofinner membrane- Matrix Mitochondria have ownDNA similar toprokaryotes.- DNA reproduceindependently of the hostcell.- Mitochondrial DNAinherited from your motherFigure 1Cell heads Outside Coating of the Cell Serves as a semi-porousbarrier- Keeps the insides in and theoutsides out!- Allow specific molecules toenter the cell, molecules thatthe cell requires. Membrane composed of alipid bi-Iayer that's madeup of hydrophilic heads onthe outside and ahydrophobic inside. Usesthese forces to hold itsshape2

Cell Membrane IIPlasma Membrane Struclural Components roteInFigure 1 Membrane also helps toremove waste. Many proteins areembedded to aid intransport.Hyd h'bl'Region All living cells have one.Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum Network of flattened sacsand branching tubulesthat extend throughcytoplasm and surrou ndsthe nucleus. The ER manufactures,processes, and transportsmany biochemicals thatare used inside andoutside the cell.3

Endoplasmic Reticulum IIThree-DimensionalEndoplasmicReticulum Provides selectivetransfer between theinternal space of the celland the cytoplasm. Also a pipeline betweenthe nucleus and thecytoplasm The rough ER containsribosomes that are vital inmaking protiens fromamino acids.Central Vacuoles Membrane boundcompartments in a cell. Perform excretory andstorage functions.- Remove waste products- Remove toxins- Serve as storage unit forcell- Maintain turgor pressure Vacuoles take up a lot ofspace and help maintainthe shape of the cell.4

Lysosomes Digest cellular materialsthat are no longerneeded. Recycler's of the cell'sused up parts and pieces. Break down compoundssuch as cellular wasteproducts, fats,carbohydrates, andproteins into products thatthe cell can use again.Lysomes II Spherical in shape Contained by a singlelayer membrane.- Membrane protectsthe rest of the cell fromthe harsh digestiveezymes in Iysomes. Common in white bloodcells because white bloodcells break down so muchmaterial (germs)5

NucleusAnatomyof theNucleus Highly specializedorganelle that serves asthe "brain" of the cell.- Stores the DNA for the cell- Coordinates the activitiesof the cell.o GrowthoooMetabolismProtein ProductionCell Division Only found in eukaryoticcellsNucleus II The Nucleolus is astructure inside thenucleus thatmanufactures ribosomes. Nuclear Envelope- Double layered membranethat encloses nucleus- Is absent during celldivision.6

Ribosomes Tiny, membranelessorganelles made ofribosomal RNA andprotein in a 60/40 ratio.ex"SIt.sm 1IRibosomeSubunitFigure 15' Messenger RNA Termtnus Purpose of ribosomes isto make protein for thecell.- Takes mRNA, converts itinto amino acids, and thenstrings the amino acids intopolypeptide chains thatbecome proteins.Ribosomes II Some ribosomal productsare used outside the cell. Also found inside thechloroplasts of plants. Concentrated around theER, but also found allover the cytoplasm.7

Goigi Apparatus Group of five to eightmembrane coated sacs. Usually located close tothe cell nucleus. Distribution area for thecell's chemicals.- Modifies proteins,carbohydrates and lipids. Itprepares them to beexported out of the cell orto another area of the cell. One of first organellesdiscovered because ofsizeGoigi Apparatus IIThe Goigi ApparatusLumenCIs F8ceIncoming -Tr8nspoilI"vesli:leClste.Figure 1 Golgi has two differentends (or faces).- Cis end is where themolecules enter.- Trans end is where themolecules leave to beexported from the cellor moved to a differentpart of the cell8

ChloroplastsPlant Cell Chloroplast Struoture Found exclusively in plantcells, mostly found in theleaves. Allows plant to performphotosynthesis- Harvesting energy from thesun in order to make food.- Take the light energy(photons) and turn lightenergy into chemicalenergy. Chlorophyllmolecules absorb thephotons and emitelectrons.- Also use water and C02- Chlorophyll moleculesabsorb the photons andemit electrons.Chloroplasts II Stroma contain dissolvedenzymes and make upmuch of the chloroplast. Enclosed in a doublemembrane Thylakoids are stackeddisks that help to absorblight.9

Cytoskeleton Helps to maintain thecells shape.microfdament6Intermediate- Like the studs in a house. Allows cell to mmicrottJoolevesicle Composed of proteins Contains microtubluesthat aid in chromosomemovement10

l."Cell CampaignThe rumors, accusations, and chest pounding resounded throughout thecpmmunity of Cellutopia. Organelles, though normally an organized group workingtogether well, were a fragmented group. It seems that certain organelles had thenotion they were more important or performed a more important function than otherfellow organelles. ,"If it wasn't for us, you couldn't exist", shouted the mitochondria.uWell, I beg to differ'·, exclaimed the endoplasmic reticulum.Cellutopia was divided.uprease, please", pleaded Abraham Lysosome, "A Cell 'divided can not stand.""I say I perform the most important function in Cellutopia and I knoW that, if, asked, the majority of the other organelles would agree", boasted the cell membrane.I\', Being used to the role, the lysosome stepped forward to straighten up this messbut was interrupted by the DNA."Yes, I think Do Nothing Accurately has a point", added the golgi apparatus."Let's take some time to organize a campaign to inform the other organelles of ourimportant, functions and then put it to a vote.,""I feel more secure if everything is-in its place", muttered the cytoskeleton, ·sowe, " need to establish the procedures, rules, and requirements.I',The organelles, after much deliberation, and of course argument, decided onthe--following aspects of the campaign:1) The selection of "Organelle 'Supreme" wili be made by ballot vote at the end olthecampaign. Each organelle will have one vote. In case of a tie, those organellesinvolved in the tie will be in a run-off election.2) Campaign slogans, campaign. jingles, pictures of candidates, lists of qualities, ete.can be designed, constructed, and displayed to help sway opinion.3) One of each organelle will be allowed to expound on the organelles qualities,describe how absence of this organelle would affect the cell and other organelles, andbasically convince the others that it should be "Organelle Supreme".Please limit speeches t9 5 minutes.4) Most campaigns have debates or question periods. At the end of each speech, theother organelles may question the speaker. This period of time has traditionally been atime when opposing organelles can expose the weaknesses of other campaigns oreven slip in support for themselves through their questions. .

Organelle SelectionThe names of each of these organelles will be placed in a "Hat" and your grouprepresentative will draw your organelle. After your organelle has been drawn you will begiven three minutes to try and convince another group to switch organelles. If all of theorganelles are not used, you will have one opportunity for a redraw. The order ofredrawing will be the reverse of the first drawing.MitochondriaCell MembraneEndoplasmic reticulumCentral vacuolesLysosomesNucleus (DNA, Chromosomes)RibosomesGolgi ApparatusCholorplastsCytoskeleton

,Slogan Design and ApprovalCampaign Buttons\-f"I'Campaign ,Signs':.Campaign Banner: (2 lines)Names

10 Questions for other organelles1.2.3.4.5.6.7.,8.9.10.

Smear Campaign- Discredit the Opponents1.2030405060708090100

Grading Requirements1) Two line or sentence campaign slogans displayed in the classroom.I2) Campaign wear: buttons, hats. ribbons. ete. that have symbols or slogans.3) Campaign speech: (hints).A. Convincing statements that you re the most important organelle. .B. Weaknesses of oPP9n.ents.C. Why can't others function without you.,D. Skeletons in the closet; little things the public needs to know about youropponent.4) Questions asked of speaking organelles.Each opposing organelle group is expected to question the speaker as to theirqualifications, motives. etc. .Groups asking a question must identify themselves.

OrganelleGroupPreparation: Grading At the end of the PeriodTuesday:Has researched Organelle0 12Campaign Buttons Complete0 12Wednesday:Campaign Signs Complete012Campaign Banner Complete0 12Thursday:Speech Outline Complete0 1210 Organelle Questions Complete0 12Smear Campaign Complete0 12

Organelle .l.--Group 'GradingPoints",Campaign Buttons '. ':2 4 6 8 10,Campaign Signs24'6 8 10Banner246 8 10Other Visual or Auditory campaign1 2 3 4 5Outline of speech0510Speech attemptedo510Detailed Description oforganelle's importance. ,o510510(prior to speech)(Extra Credit)Campa'sn SpeechDescription of weakness of ,opponent or what would happen 0to· cell in your absence.MUdslingingo510Did your group ask a legitimate,'0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10question of each speaker?

150 PointsName:Test on Cell Structures and Their FunctionsMultiple Choice (2 points each)1. Mitochondria is theA. Building blocksof the cell.B. BrainC. Distribution CenterD. Power Plant2. modifies proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. It then prepares them to beexported out of the cell or transported to a ditTerent area of the cell.A. MitochondriaB. ChloroplastsC. Golgi Apparatus D. Ribosomes3. If it were not for the "studs" of the the cell would lose shape and could notmaintain homeostasis.A. CytoskeletonB. Vacuole C. Cell Membrane D. Lysosomes4. Endoplasmic Reticulum does what?A. Removes waste B. Make ProteinD. Divide Cell from outside worldC. Transform Light Energy5. are found exclusively in plant cells and allow cell to harvest light energy.A. Nucleus B. ChloroplastsC. MitochondriaD. Lysosomes6. is a selectively permeable barrier that keeps insides in and outsides out.A. Cell Membrane B. RibosomesC. VacuoleD. Cytoskeleton7. serve as a storage unit for the cell and help to remove toxins from the cell.A. ChloroplastsB. NucleusC. VacuolesD. Endoplasmic Reticulum8. If I were to say a organelle digested cellular material that was no longer needed I wouldbetalkingabout .A. Golgi ApparatusB. Central VacuolesC. ChloroplastsD. Lysosomes9. make protein that is vital to the cell.A. RibosomesB. LysosomesC. CytoskeletonD. Mitochondria10. When we talked about the organelle that stores DNA and coordinates cell activities, wewere talking about .A. Endoplasmic ReticulumB. Cell Membrane C. NucleusD. MitochondriaTrue and False (1 point each)11. The nucleus is found only in prokaryotic cells.12. Most of the ribosomes are found stuck to the cell wall.13. Lysosomes are the "cells recycling center".14. Cell membranes have hydrophobic tails on the inside and hydrophilic heads on theoutside.15. Mitochondria are inherited from your mother.