THE TRADOC MODEL SAFETY PROGRAM AND . - United States Army

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Department of the ArmyHeadquarters, United States ArmyTraining and Doctrine CommandFort Eustis, Virginia 23604-5700*TRADOC Pamphlet 385-115 February 2019SafetyTHE TRADOC MODEL SAFETY PROGRAM AND SELF-ASSESSMENT GUIDEFOR THE COMMANDER:OFFICIAL:THEODORE D. MARTINLieutenant General, U.S. ArmyDeputy Commanding General/Chief of StaffWILLIAM T. LASHERDeputy Chief of Staff, G-6History. This publication is an expedite revision. The portions affected by this revision arelisted in the summary of change.Summary. This pamphlet serves as the basis for doctrine development and organizing,implementing, resourcing, and assessing safety and occupational programs within the U.S. ArmyTraining and Doctrine Command (TRADOC).Applicability. This pamphlet applies to TRADOC centers of excellence and schools, subordinateorganizations, and contractors operating within TRADOC operational environments.Proponent and exception authority. The proponent for this regulation is the DeputyCommanding General/Chief of Staff. The proponent has the authority to approve exceptions orwaivers to this regulation that are consistent with controlling law and regulations. The proponentmay delegate this authority in writing, to a division chief with the proponent agency or its directreporting unit or field-operating agency, in the grade of colonel or the civilian equivalent. Torequest an exception or waiver to this regulation, send a written request fice@mail.mil prior to initiating deviation.Identify specific conflicts with regulation and provide justification for the request and alternatemeasures. Include a thorough assessment of the associated risk with the request.*This regulation supersedes TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1, dated 6 January 2012.

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1Suggested improvements. Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements onDepartment of the Army (DA) Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and BlankForms) directly to Commander, TRADOC (ATCS-S), 950 Jefferson Avenue, Fort Eustis, VA23604-5700 or ce@mail.mil.Distribution. This pamphlet is available in electronic media only at the TRADOCAdministrative Publications website http://adminpubs.tradoc.army.mil/).Summary of ChangeTRADOC Pamphlet 385-1The TRADOC Model Safety Program and Self-assessment GuideThis expedite revision, dated 15 February 2019o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with Army Regulation 385-10(throughout).o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with 29 Code of Federal Regulation1910 (throughout).o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with 29 Code of Federal Regulation1926 (throughout).o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with United States Army Training andDoctrine Command Regulation 385-2 (throughout).o Updates procedures and standards to comply with leader development with Army Regulation350-1 (throughout).This revision, dated – 6 January 2012o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with Army Regulation 385-10.o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with 29 Code of Federal Regulation1910.o Updates procedures and standards to be in compliance with 29 Code of Federal Regulation1926.2

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1ContentsPageChapter 1 Introduction . 71-1. Purpose . 71-2. References . 71-3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms . 7Chapter 2 Safety Program Overview . 72-1. Standard . 72-2. Safety program success . 8Chapter 3 Safety Program Elements . 83-1. Risk management . 83-2. Inspections, assessments, and evaluations . 93-3. Hazard abatement . 103-4. Accident reporting, investigation, and analysis . 103-5. Education, training, and safety awareness . 103-6. Branch safety/risk management integration . 113-7. Additional/Collateral duty safety program . 113-8. Safety and Occupational Health Advisory Council (SOHAC) . 113-9. Emergency action plans . 113-10. Initial military training (IMT) . 123-11. Motor vehicle accident prevention . 12Chapter 4 Self-Assessment Guide . 124-1. Implementation and use . 124-2. Standards/documentation . 124-3. Application . 13Appendix A References . 13Appendix B Self-Assessment Guide . 18Appendix C Conditioning/Obstacle Course Criteria . 90Appendix D 132Rappel Tower Site Inspection Criteria . 132Appendix E Quantitative Measures . 135Glossary . 137Figure ListFigure C-1. IMT conditioning/endurance course evaluator information checklist. 90Figure C-2. Obstacles for jumping. 93Figure C-3. Obstacles for dodging . 93Figure C-4. Obstacles for vertical climbing and surmounting . 94Figure C-5. Obstacles for horizontal traversing. 94Figure C-6. Obstacles for crawling . 95Figure C-7. Obstacle for vaulting . 95Figure C-8. Obstacle for balancing . 95Figure C-9. IMT obstacle course evaluator information . 96Figure C-10. The tough one . 102Figure C-11. Inverted rope descent/the slide for life . 105Figure C-12. Confidence climb. 107Figure C-13. Skyscraper . 109Figure C-14. Belly robber . 1103

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1Figure C-15. The Tarzan . 111Figure C-16. Low belly over . 112Figure C-17. The dirty name . 113Figure C-18. The tough nut . 114Figure C-19. Belly crawl. 115Figure C-20. Inclining wall . 116Figure C-21. Swing, stop, and jump . 117Figure C-22. Six vaults . 118Figure C-23. Easy balancer . 119Figure C-24. Low wire . 120Figure C-25. Belly buster . 121Figure C-26. Hip-hip. 122Figure C-27. Reverse climb . 123Figure C-28. The weaver . 124Figure C-29. Balancing logs . 125Figure C-30. Island hoppers. 126Figure C-31 Obstacle Information . 131Figure D-1. Rappel tower site inspection information. 132Table ListTable B-1. Program management . 19Table B-2. Strategic Planning, Army Safety Program Structure, Safety Program Evaluation,Councils, and Committees . 26Table B-3. Accident investigation, reporting, and analysis . 27Table B-4. Contracting Safety . 30Table B-5. Range, explosive, and ammunition safety . 31Table B-5. Range, explosive, and ammunition safety . 32Table B-6. Public, Family, Child, and Youth, Off Duty Recreation, and Seasonal Safety . 36Table B-7. Radiation safety . 37Table B-8. Safety awards and promotions . 42Table B-9. Systems safety management . 43Table B-10. Education and training . 47Table B-11. Branch and proponency . 50Table B-12. Aviation safety . 54Table B-13. Motor vehicle accident prevention . 67Table B-14. IMT/military training, operations and tactical safety . 71Table B-15. Workplace safety, industrial operations, inspections, hazards analysis, andcountermeasures development . 78Table B-16. Electrical Safety . 81Table B-17. Identification of Radiation, Inert Munitions and Ammunition Components,Museums/Displays . 88Table C-1. General administrative inspection criteria checklist . 91Table C-2. General inspection criteria checklist . 91Table C-3. IMT obstacle course administrative general inspection criteria . 97Table C-4. IMT obstacle course general inspection criteria . 98Table C-5. The tough one checklist . 1014

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1Table C-6. Inverted rope descent/the slide for life . 103Table C-7. Confidence climb checklist. 106Table C-8. Skyscraper checklist . 108Table C-9. Belly Robber checklist . 110Table C-10. The Tarzan checklist . 111Table C-11. Low belly over checklist . 112Table C-12. The dirty name checklist . 113Table C-13. The tough nut checklist . 114Table C-14. Belly crawl checklist . 115Table C-15. Inclining wall checklist . 116Table C-16. Swing, stop, and jump checklist . 117Table C-17. Six vaults checklist . 118Table C-18. Easy balancer checklist . 119Table C-19. Low wire checklist . 120Table C-20. The belly buster checklist . 121Table C-21. Hip-hip checklist . 122Table C-22. Reverse climb checklist . 123Table C-23. The weaver checklist . 124Table C-24. Balancing logs checklist . 125Table C-25. Island hoppers checklist . 126Table C-26. Fitness tower checklist . 127Table D-1. Rappel tower inspection criteria checklist . 133Table E-1. Quantitative Measures for integrating the Army Safety Program . 1355

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TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1Chapter 1Introduction1-1. Purposea. This publication provides commanders and safety managers a model for a safety andoccupational health program, defines standards, and addresses those basic safety programelements necessary for implementation of effective safety and accident prevention programs asoutlined in Army Regulation (AR) 385-10 and U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command(TRADOC) Regulation 385-2. Commanders may tailor this publication to meet their needs andlocal conditions to accomplish the TRADOC mission.b. The self-assessment guide provides commanders and safety managers a standardizedmethod to assess the scope and effectiveness of a comprehensive safety and occupational healthprogram. The self-assessment guide consists of several checklists that provide a systematicmethod to assess safety program implementation. Additionally, because no checklist is allinclusive, safety professionals must utilize applicable safety laws, statutes, codes, and regulationsto assist the command and leaders in implementing an effective and compliant safety program.1-2. ReferencesRequired and related publications are listed in appendix A.1-3. Explanation of abbreviations and termsAbbreviations and special terms used in this pamphlet are explained in the glossary.Chapter 2Safety Program Overview2-1. StandardThe TRADOC Model Safety Program is based on the legal and regulatory requirements of theOccupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Department of Defense (DOD) Instruction (DODI)6055.1, AR 385-10, applicable laws, statues, and codes as implemented by TRADOC Regulation385-2. Public law, executive orders, DODIs, and Army regulations direct actions to furnishemployees with places and conditions of employment that are free from recognized hazardscausing, or likely to cause, death or serious physical harm; and apply risk management strategiesto eliminate accidents, death, and occupational illnesses. Commanders at all levels will provideemployees with places and conditions of employment that are free from recognized hazardslikely to cause death or serious physical harm, and establish procedures to ensure employees arenot subjected to restraint, interference, coercion, discrimination, or reprisal for filing a report ofan unsafe or unhealthful working condition. An effective program is:a. Comprehensive in application, built around and addresses all core functions and enduringmissions of the Army and TRADOC.b. Adequately resourced, staffed, and funded to support the Army and TRADOC mission.7

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1c. Ensure leaders, supervisors, managers, and individuals are empowered with the requisitetraining, authority, information, and resources to execute their duties safely.d. Universal in scope, providing effective support to current operations, yet remainingsufficiently flexible to support future operations. Not a static program, the safety program istailored to the existing operational environment and updated as required by accident experienceand lessons learned.2-2. Safety program successThe ability to implement, manage, and measure an effective safety program, and the ultimatesuccess of the model program depend on three enduring threads of continuity:a. Ownership. Personal involvement of commanders, leaders, and supervisors at each level ofcommand/organization sets the focus and direction of safety program and accident preventionefforts. It empowers Soldiers and workers with the authority to implement the safety mission.b. Oversight. A qualified safety manager (as defined in AR 385-10 and the Office ofPersonnel Management (OPM) standards), with direct and unimpeded access to the commander,is essential. This ensures commanders maintain a situational awareness of the effectiveness ofrisk management implementation and safety program effectiveness, and reinforces the credibilityof the safety manager in dealing with other staff elements.c. Standards. The safety program document sets the standard for each individual safetyprogram and sub-elements of that program. A written safety program document clearly definesthe commander’s intent, fixes responsibility and accountability, and formally definesrequirements for acceptable performance.Chapter 3Safety Program Elements3-1. Risk managementa. Risk management is the Army’s primary decision making process for identifying hazardsand controlling risks across the full spectrum of Army missions, functions, operations, andactivities. A risk management based safety program puts into place a systematic, disciplined,management process that focuses on priorities so that the mission is accomplished withoutunnecessary risk. Risk management:(1) Fosters initiative and further freedom of action by defining risk parameters withinwhich an operation must remain, rather than imposing unnecessary restrictions or limitations onleaders.risk.(2) Creates an operational climate that promotes mission accomplishment with minimal(3) Is dependent upon two critical elements for effectiveness:8

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1(a) First, leaders must understand the decision making process of risk management.(b) Second, there must be a system in place to effectively deal with changes in mission oractivity risk levels due to changes in circumstances or conditions.b. Commanders/commandants must ensure risk management is institutionalized in all schooltraining products, and courses. Service school graduates must be trained and proficient inassessing and managing risk in both training and operational environments. A risk managementstructure and control system must also be in place to ensure on the ground leadership presence atthe appropriate level for all high and medium risk training. Leaders must also clearly define riskdecision authority to include the role/responsibility in the approval process for executing highand medium risk training, ensure the conduct of initial and periodic on the ground review or“lane proofing” of all recurring training activities, provide clear guidance on where risk decisionauthority lies, and where possible, get risk decisions ahead of time where risk is known andunderstood. Risk decision authority must be clearly understood and enacted. The primary tenetsof effective risk management are that commanders accept no risk unless the potential benefitoutweighs the potential loss and that risk decisions are made at the appropriate level.Appropriate risk decision authority (residual risk) in accordance with TRADOC Regulation385-2 follows:(1) Extremely high risk: Senior commander of general officer grade. General officercommandants/commanders can also approve extremely high-risk.(2) High risk: Colonel or equivalent as designated by the senior commander of generalofficer grade.(3) Medium risk: Lieutenant Colonel or equivalent and Command Sergeant MajorNoncommissioned Officer (NCO) Academy commandants, as designated by the first O-6 (orequivalent) or above in the chain of command.(4) Low risk: As designated by the first O-6 (or equivalent) or above in the chain ofcommand.c. Commanders should establish and publish a risk management standard that incorporatesthis guidance and designates risk decision authority consistent with TRADOC criteria. Riskdecisions are based on the residual risk of an activity, after application of appropriate controlmeasures. They are briefed one level up the chain of command from the decision maker.3-2. Inspections, assessments, and evaluationsSafety assessments and evaluations are important tools in effectively identifying hazards andcontrolling risk and provide a safe and healthful workplace. Safety assessments may be theresult of an unusual occurrence or an out of the ordinary planned activity. In all cases,inspections, assessments, and evaluations are oriented toward the identification of hazards ormeasuring the effectiveness of accident prevention efforts, not the effectiveness of the commandor leadership. An aggressive safety and occupational health inspection program ensures that all9

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1workplaces are inspected on an annual basis. See paragraph 4-1b for implementation and use ofinspections.3-3. Hazard abatementLaw and regulation direct that hazards be eliminated on a “worst first” basis. To ensure that theworst hazards are corrected first, coordinate the listing of all safety and occupational relatedhazards with the appropriate safety office for integration into a single garrison hazards abatementlog maintained by the garrison safety manager. Hazards may be identified by a variety of means,such as inspections, accidents, routine maintenance and repair operation, or requests (workorders/job orders, customer reports, etc.) for repair or replacement of material or facilities. Toensure all hazards are correctly assessed and included in the garrison hazard abatement log,ensure the safety manager reviews and validates all work orders, job orders, or requisitions thathave a safety or occupational health connection. Once a violation or hazard is identified, thesafety manager or a qualified safety professional must ensure it is risk assessed in terms ofhazards severity and accident probability. This assessment is expressed in terms of a riskassessment code (RAC) which identifies the relative seriousness of the hazard. Prepare agarrison abatement plan for each RAC 1 or 2 hazard when the correction exceeds 30 days.3-4. Accident reporting, investigation, and analysisAccident investigations and careful analysis of accident information provides the safety managerwith the means to identify potential sources of future accidents and to develop and implementcountermeasures. Ensure the command accident prevention program also supports the GarrisonCivilian Personnel Office’s effort to reduce injuries and occupational illnesses. In addition to theaccident reports Department of the Army (DA) Pamphlet (DA Pam) 385-40 requires near-missinformation is important in identifying hazards before they can result in serious damage orinjury. Trained additional duty safety officers (ADSOs) or collateral duty safety officers(CDSOs), and first-line supervisors are the best sources for this information. Other importantsources of accident information are military police blotter reports, hospital admission anddischarge sheets, sick call slips, and estimated cost of damage reports from the General ServicesAdministration and unit motor pools. When collected, organized, and analyzed, this informationmay yield valuable data on potential problems or hazards, education/training shortfalls,motivation or leadership issues, procedural or standard inadequacies, or other potential problemareas. These potential problems, hazards, or shortfalls may often go unnoticed or undetected,because individual units and organizations view them as isolated instances. A successfulaccident prevention program will be one in which accident data and statistics are used strictly foraccident prevention purposes, not to attempt to document command or leadership effectiveness.3-5. Education, training, and safety awarenessThe prevention of accidents and the associated mission impact and loss of resources is theresponsibility of every member of the Army team. Law and regulation require training for allArmy personnel, Soldiers and Civilians, commensurate with their duties and responsibilities.The most effective accident prevention program recognizes this and sustains an extensive,ongoing program of safety training to educate, motivate, and raise safety awareness.Commanders, leaders, and supervisors at all levels, as well as individual Soldiers and Civilianemployees, are important in the accident prevention process. The effectiveness of their10

TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1contributions, however, depends on their knowledge and understanding of safety and riskmanagement and their responsibility in the Army Safety Program.3-6. Branch safety/risk management integrationIntegration of safety and risk management into Army doctrine, organizations, training, materiel,leadership and education, personnel, and facilities is inherent in the worldwide branch safetymission. Unlike safety managers within other Army commands, TRADOC safety managershave worldwide branch safety mission responsibility. In addition to the safety and riskmanagement integration mission, branch safety managers monitor the operations, training,equipment, and tactics, techniques, and procedures within their specific branch. For this reason,TRAD

Department of the Army *TRADOC Pamphlet 385-1 . Headquarters, United States Army . Training and Doctrine Command . Fort Eustis, Virginia 23604-5700 . 15 February 2019 . . outlined in Army Regulation (AR) 385-10 and U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Regulation 385-2. Commanders may tailor this publication to meet their needs and

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