HUBER GreyUse For Saving Freshwater In Household

HUBER GreyUse for Saving Freshwaterin householdHans Huber AGResearch & DevelopmentIndustriepark Erasbach A192334 BerchingStatus: October 2007The QualityCompany Worldwide

Content: General Grey water Properties Treatment plant Applications Résumé Updated Informations Support Outlook Literature

GeneralKeyword DefinitionsØgrey waterØgrey water lightgreywater without kitchen wastewaterØrecycledgrey waterservice waterdomestic wastewater without faecesusable water without drinking water quality

GeneralWastewater Flows In Households and their Contentsdomesticwastewatergrey waterbrown waterblack wateryellow waterbrown waterDomesticwastewaterGreywaterYellow waterFaecesToilet flushwater(wash water)(urine)approx. 42.00027.0005005014.000N4-5 kg/(E*a)3%87 %10 %0%P0.75 kg/(E*a)10 %50 %40 %0%K1.8 kg/(E*a)34 %54 %12 %0%COD30 kg/(E*a)41 %12 %47 %0%Pathogenicgerms (SHRP) oMedicineresidues oParameterVolume l/(E*a)o none hardly any moderate manySHRP epidemic risk potential[modified after Otterphol, 2001[2]]

GeneralGrey water-Recycling - In a german householdwater supplywater utilisationeffluentwater disposition40l52ldrinking watershower,bathtubs,wash handbasins48lGrey waterRecycling70lGrey water5l cook-;drinking7l dishdish washingwashing5l cleaning22lGrey waterdischarge13llaundry washing48lservice waterfromGrey water-Recycling25ltoilet flush water25lBlack water25lBlack waterdischarge5l irrigationGrey water-Recycling[1]

Grey water PropertiesComposition of (Untreated) grey waterslightly loaded grey waterFrom bathtubs, showers andwash hand basins (analysedafter the settling tank)From bathtubs, showers andwash hand basins andwashing machines(with napkins)From bathtubs, showersand wash hand basins,washing machines andkitchensCOD[mg/l]150 – 400Ø 225250 – 430400 - 700Ø 535BOD5[mg/l]85 - 200Ø 111125 – 250250 - 550Ø 360AFS[mg/l]30 - 70Ø 40k.A.k.A.Ptotal A)[mg/l]0,5 - 4Ø 1,5k.A.3-8Ø 5,4Ntotal A)[mg/l]4 - 16Ø 10k.A.10 - 17Ø 13pH[-]7,5 – 8,2k.A.6.9 – 8A) The values may vary according to the regional drinking water quality, e.g. due to a higher nitrate content or phosphate addition for line corrosionprotection. Additional relevant phosphate inputs may also be caused by dishwashing liquids.The values are based upon experiences from between 10 and 100 measurements.[from Nolde, 1995 and Bullermann et. al. 2001, amended]Excerpt from fbr information sheet H 201, 2005Compared to domestic wastewater grey water contains significantly less nutrients (phosphorusand nitrogen). However, latest studies with grey water recycling plants have not found that thebiological clarification is limited by a reduced nutrients amount.[1] [5] [6]

Grey water PropertiesLoad of (Untreated) grey waterSlightly loaded grey waterParameterUnitTotal coliformbacteria1/mlFaecal coliformbacteria(E.coli)1/mlGrey water frombathtubs,showers andwash handbasinsGrey water frombathtubs, showers,wash hand basinsand washingmachines withnapkinsGrey water frombathtubs, showers,wash hand basins,washing machinesand kitchensDomesticwastewaterincl. faeces101 - 105Median: 105102 – 106102 – 106104 – 107101 - 105Median: 104101 – 105102 – 106104 – 107The values are based upon experiences from between 10 and 100 measurements.[ from Nolde, 1995 and Bullermann et. al. 2001, amended]Excerpt from fbr information sheet H 201, 2005Numerous microbiological tests with grey water from bathtubs, showers and wash hand basinshave shown that, compared to domestic wastewater, the total coliform and faecal coliformbacteria (E.coli) are reduced by approx. two decimal powers. If also grey water from washingmachines is collected, this will result in increased bacteria concentrations, which are washingtemperature dependent.[1] [5] [6]

Treatment plantHUBER GreyUse - Treatment flowGreywaterStorageMBROverflowScouring �SieveIntermediate eInfiltration

Treatment plantHUBER GreyUse - Reference Plant in BerchingSources of grey water:ÜÜÜWash hand basinsKitchen t with MCBReuse for irrigationMCBGreywaterTechnical data:Operating parameters:ÜÜÜÜÜAeration tank volume: 0,7 m³Membrane surface: 4 m²Membrane material: PESSeparation size: 38 nmÜÜÜFlow rate: 60 l/h (450-800 l/d)DS: 5-7 g/lBTS: 0,1 kg COD/(kgDS *d)Energy demand: 2,2 kWh/m³

Treatment plantHUBER GreyUse - ResultsClarification efficiency:Parameter.Grey 15.5Ptotal7.337.8Anionic tensides64.699.2(free of suspended solidsand almost germ-free)Disinfection efficiency:ÜÜTotal coliforms:Faecal coliforms:(E.coli)Excellent effluent quality ! 1 CFU/ml * 1 CFU/ml ** Analysis with Petri film platesExcess sludge production:Excess sludge production 0.16 kg DS / kg BOD5Sludge removal requiredonly once a year ![1]

ApplicationsHUBER GreyUse - Reuse and ApplicationsReuse optionsThe quality of outflow matches with the requirements of the Germanguidelines H201 (fbr, 2005) for reuse for:ØFlushing toiletsWashing laundryIrrigationØØParameterGuide values of fbr-H201 1)( Limits of Directive 76/160/EEC ) 2)HUBERService Water 5 mg/l (-) 2,4 mg/l 50% (80-120%) 50% 100/ml (100) 1/ml 10/ml (20) 1/ml 1/ml (-)-BOD7Oxygen SaturationTotal Coliform BacteriaFaecal Coliform BacteriaPseudomonas aeruginosa1)fbr-guidelines H2012)EU Bathing Water Directive 76/160/EECSaving freshwater through recycling of grey water !VantagesØØGrey water is produced regularlyProduction covers demandPossible ApplicationsØØSkyscrapers / HotelsSports halls / Camping grounds[1] [4]

ApplicationsHUBER ReUse Concept - EnlargementHUBER GreyUse & Rain Water HarvestingSupply of Hygienic Service Water for Toilet Flushing in the newHUBER Office Building3200service wateringbuildeci7offnew 10/ 200rain waterrwategreyservicewatertanktreatedgrey water

ApplicationsHUBER GreyUse - Concept for HotelsØDecentralized grey water treatment with HUBER MBR for production of service waterØ On-site use of rain water for irrigation

ApplicationsHUBER GreyUse - Concept for HotelsFurther Reference PlantsØMCB 6 in CanTho, Vietnam (R&D-Project) since 10/2006Ø MCB 12 in Darmstadt, Germany (R&D-Project) since 10/2006Sales Prospects since May 2006House ownerØ Household - Cyprus (03/2007)Hotel operatorØ Hotel complex (R&D-Project) - Germany (08/2007)Ø Hotel complex (concept) – Germany (03/2007)Public buildingsØMunicipal utility in Hamburg – Germany (05/2006)Planning officeØØØØAtelier Dreiseitl (project planning) - Germany (07/2007)Fa. Water&More (systems for saving freshwater) - Germany (06/2007)Fa. Gerwal (wastewater/stormwater treatment technique) - Switzerland (03/2007)Fa. Banheiro Facil (prefabricated bathrooms) - Brazil (11/2006)

RésuméHUBER GreyUse for Saving otels, industrialundertakings producedgrey waterHUBERGreyUse reuseoptionsflushing toilets 1)washing laundry 1)irrigation 1)infiltration 1)1)fbr guideline H 201

RésuméVantages of HUBER GreyUse ØCompact construction, modular designØExcellent effluent quality (bacteria-free and almost germ-free)according to the fbr-Guidelines H201 and the EU Bathing WaterDirectiveØThe treated grey water can be reused for different purposes:ØØØØToilet flushingLaundry washingIrrigationReuse of treated grey water significantly reduces the drinking waterconsumption

Updated informationsInfo in Data PoolØR&D Projects (Huber intern F E Projekte)-ØConcluded projectsCurrent projectsProjects applied for financingTreatment of Wastewater Flows(Application/Process Material flow treatment)- Recovery Plant & ReUse Park- Yellow, brown and grey water treatment- Concepts with separationØHUBER GreyUse (Applications/Process Material flow treatment HUBER GreyUse )- Guidelines- Treatment with MBR- References- Competition- Requests for quotation

Updated informationsHUBER GreyUse HUBER GreyUse

SupportSupport Program for grey water recycling – (DE)For additional information please refer su.hamburg.de

SupportSupport Program for grey water recycling – (DE)For additional information please refer tohttp://www.viernheim.de/Buergerservice.1777 M53620a2a3c7.0.htmlodermailto:RMatern@viernheim.de

SupportSupport Program for grey water recycling – (DE)Groß-UmstadtOdenwälder Weininsel imLandkreis Darmstadt-DieburgFor additional information please refer tohttp://www.gross-umstadt.de/aktuelles/rathaus report/pdf ock@gross-umstadt.de

SupportSupport Program for grey water recycling – (CY)“The Government of Cyprus decided to subsidize, as from the beginning of 1999, the installation of a Grey WaterTreatment Plant (GWTP). The cost of such a treatment plant, fully automatic, for a household with a production ofone cubic meter per day is 1400 and the Government of Cyprus, through the Water Development Departmentgives 350 as a subsidy. As from 2003, this subsidy was doubled reaching 700 and from 2006 was increased to1050 . This decision was taken, because drinking water saved is approximately for times cheaper than the sameamount of drinking water supplied to the same town, from new projects.“[7]For additional information please refer ht Grey%20water&printor

Support - outlookSupport Program for grey water recycling – (US)Arizona is the first US state to introduce tax credits for installing gray watersystems. Since 1 January a builder installing a unit in a new home can claima 200 tax credit per house for the plumbing work, or a homeowner can geta tax credit for 25 percent, up to 1,000, of the cost for the installation of agray water system. The credit is available for work done in the tax years2007 – 2011. [8]For additional information please refer redits/Graywater credit implementation.pdforhttp://www.azdeq.gov

Outlook – EUOutlook grey water recycling (extract)(page 1)(page 8)(page 11)For additional information please refer 2007/com2007 0414en01.pdf

LiteratureReferences[1]fbr-Hinweisblatt H 201, 2005[2]Otterpohl, R. (2001): „Stand der Technik und Entwicklungen für denurbanen Bereich“ in Berichte aus Wassergüte- undAbfallwirtschaft, Technische Universität München, Band 161[3]Hertl, J. (2006): Grauwasseraufbereitung durch Membranbiologie undOzonbehandlung Diplomarbeit bei der Hans Huber AG (vertraulich)[4]Merkblatt „Betriebswassernutzung in Gebäuden“ 1995Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung Berlin[5]Nolde, E. (1995): Betriebswassernutzung im Haushalt durch Aufbereitungvon Grauwasser. wwt 1/95 Seite 17-25.[6]Bullermann, M.; Melhart, G. (2001): Anwendungsbereiche und -kosten fürdas Grauwasserrecycling, SI Informationen.[7]Chrysostomos A. Kambanellas (2007): „Recycling of Grey water in Cyprus“Sustainable Water Management 1-2007, page 27-30[8]fbr-Wasserspiegel 3/07 (2007): Zeitschrift der Fachvereinigung Betriebsund Regenwassernutzung e.V. Seite 7

Hans Huber AGMaschinen- und AnlagenbauIndustriepark Erasbach A1D-92334 BerchingTel. 49 84 62 - 201-0Fax 49 84 62 - 201-810eMail info@huber.deInternet www.huber.de

Grey water-Recycling - In a german household [1] General Grey water-Recycling 48l Grey water-Recycling 70l Grey water 22l Grey water-discharge 25l Black water 25l Black water-discharge 25l toilet flush water 5l irrigation 48l service water from Grey water-Recycling 13l laundry washing 5l cleaning 52l drinking water 40l shower, bathtubs, wash .