GPP24: Stables, Kennels And Catteries - NetRegs
GPP24: Stables, Kennels and Catteries1. IntroductionStables, kennels and catteries and similar facilities such as zoos or wildlife parks areoften in remote locations away from public mains drainage. A number of pollutionrisks are commonly associated with these types of premises, including: the storage of oil, particularly heating oil (See Reference 1 GPP2: Aboveground oil storage) the storage of chemicals, including sterilizing agents, biocides, disinfectantsand medicines site drainage, including from associated houses and offices waste management.This guidance document provides advice on how to minimise the risk of pollutionfrom your site’s activities and signposts to other specific guidance you may finduseful.1GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Contents1.Introduction . 12. Oil and chemical storage . 42.1 Oil storage . 42.2 Storage of chemicals. 4Store flammable chemicals safely . 5Keep information and implement safety precautions . 5Prevent vandalism of chemical stores . 5Prevent pollution from spills . 62.3 Storage of Medicines . 63. Site drainage . 73.1 Managing site drainage . 7Where no public sewer is available . 7Table 1 Stables wastewater: See section 3.2 below for more information on exercise pools. 9Table 2 Kennels wastewater Contaminated runoff from kennels, yards and exercise areas. . 10Table 3 Catteries wastewater: Contaminated runoff from catteries . 11Table 4 Runoff from Hunt Kennels where fallen stock is butchered. 12Table 5 Uncontaminated surface water drainage . 123.2 Draining down of exercise pools . 134. Waste and resource management . 144.1 Animal faeces and soiled bedding . 15Horses (and donkeys) . 15Cats and Dogs . 154.2 Disposal of animal carcasses . 154.3 Managing manure . 165. References . 186. Glossary . 227. Contact details . 242GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
It is important to minimise the risk of pollution to protect the environment andhuman health. If you cause pollution you may be liable to enforcement action byyour local Environmental Regulator.Who is your Environmental Regulator? In Northern Ireland, it is the Northern Ireland Environment Agency(NIEA). In Scotland, it is the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA). In Wales, it is Natural Resources Wales (NRW).Contact details are found at the end of this document.3GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
2. Oil and chemical storage2.1 Oil storageAll oil storage tanks must have secondary containment, either with the primarytank enclosed in a second outer tank (integrally bunded) or in the form of animpermeable bund surrounding the tank. The tank must be strong enough not toleak in ordinary use and located away from any surface water drains. Theregulations require that attention is paid to the construction and condition of thetank, the siting of tanks, the capacity of secondary containment, the ancillarypipework and safety devices.Oil storage regulations apply to all parts of the UK and cover most types of oilstored on business premises. In Wales, all new domestic oil storage tanks arecovered by the regulations, while only those with a capacity greater than 3500litres in England and Northern Ireland and greater than 2500 litres in Scotlandare included.All oil stored in containers with a capacity greater than 200 litres is covered bythe particular Oil Storage Regulations that apply to each country. In Scotland oilcontainers, holding less than 200 litres must be durable and fit for purpose. InNorthern Ireland and Wales, this should be followed as good practice to reducethe risk of pollution. In addition, containers with a capacity less than 200 litresshould be stored within secondary containment, or on a drip tray, to prevent theescape of pollutants.(See Reference 1: GPP 2 - Above Ground Oil Storage)2.2 Storage of chemicalsYou must store any chemical in a suitable container that is: sealed securely to prevent spills resistant to the effects of the content4GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
strong enough to cope with handling.You can check the chemical's safety data sheet (SDS) to see what its propertiesare. The SDS contains information about the chemical, including details of how tostore, use and dispose of it safely. (See Reference 12 – HSE: Hazard pictograms)The SDS will also make it clear which chemicals you must keep separate, toprevent a spill causing a reaction.Store chemicals on bunded shelves, in bunded cabinets, or in a bunded chemicalstore that is sited well away from any drains. Make sure that liquid spills cannotenter drains, surface water or groundwater. A spill kit should be kept on site toclean up any spills quickly.The bund or drip tray should be big enough to contain any spills and made of asuitable material for the chemical you are storing. For example, you may not beable to use a polyethylene container to store corrosive chemicals.Store flammable chemicals safelyStore flammable chemicals in a fire-proof steel cabinet or chemical storagecupboard. If you store lots of flammables, you may need to keep them in adesignated room.Keep information and implement safety precautionsYou should keep an inventory of the chemicals you have on site, and details ofwhen you received them and when you should dispose of them if you don't usethem up.Prevent vandalism of chemical storesYou are responsible for all chemicals on your site such as, pesticides,disinfectants or medicines. You can be prosecuted for a pollution incident thatoriginates on your site even if it was caused by intruders.5GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Use lockable storage units and keep chemicals locked away if possible when theyare not in use.Prevent pollution from spillsEnsure that you have a spill kit on site which contains absorbent materials - e.g.sand which is suitable for the type and quantity of chemicals you store and use onyour site. Keep them close to where you might need them and make sure thatstaff know when and how to use them.(See Reference 13: GPP 22 - Pollution Incident Response Planning)2.3 Storage of MedicinesAll medicines should be stored in accordance with manufacturers’recommendations, which will be clearly stated on the packaging. Make a note ofexpiry dates and check how long medicines can be used after opening.Keep medicines in a secure, preferably locked, cabinet and make sure that accessis limited to staff who know how to administer them.Return unused or out of date medicines to your veterinary surgeon for disposal,never dispose of medicines in general waste or flush them away.For further information on the storage of medicines, see Reference 7: Goodpractice guides to handling veterinary waste.6GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
3. Site drainage3.1 Managing site drainageAny contaminated liquid runoff, sometimes referred to as effluent, that leavesyour site can be referred to as your wastewater. It will be classified as a tradedischarge by your Environmental Regulator as it is generated in the course of abusiness activity. In the rest of this section we will use the generic term“wastewater”.Where possible, wastewater, including domestic sewage and effluent from thewashing down of stables, kennels or catteries should be directed to a publicsewer. The wastewater from stables, kennels and yards can carry a lot ofcontamination, as can the run-off from damping down of hay. You must makesure that these are not channelled into surface water drains.Wastewater contaminated only with manure from horses can be collected, storedand spread onto land as fertiliser.You must apply for a Trade Effluent Consent from your sewerage provider beforedischarging liquid waste to the public sewer. If authorisation is granted, it willlimit volumes, and contain conditions relating to what the discharge can contain.You will also have to pay a fee to the sewerage provider. To find out who yoursewerage provider is see Reference 3 – Water and sewerage providers.Where no public sewer is availableThe preferred option is for your site to connect to the public foul/combinedsewer. However many stables, kennels and catteries are located well away fromany public sewer. It might be possible to pump your wastewater to the nearestpublic sewer depending on site conditions.If this is still not possible, you will need to consider installing your own privatetreatment system – see site-specific advice in the tables below. This includeswhat authorisation you need from your local Environmental Regulator.7GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
For generic advice on treatment systems, please refer to GPP4 - Treatment anddisposal of sewage where no foul sewer is available. (Reference 5: GPP4). Thereis also some site-specific advice below.The authorisation from your Environmental Regulator will specify the maximumconcentrations and volumes of pollutants allowed in the effluent, as well as othermanagement requirements. See Reference 2: Discharge permissions.Which types of treatment system are suitable for dealing with your site’s wastewater?The wastewater from any site accommodating animals, such as stables, kennelsor catteries, will need to be managed and treated to prevent pollution. Thiswastewater will be classified as trade effluent. Please refer to the tables belowwhich outline your options.Table 1: Stables wastewaterTable 2: Kennels wastewaterTable 3: Catteries wastewaterTable 4: Highly polluted wastewater from premises where fallen stock isbutcheredTable 5: Uncontaminated surface water runoff8GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Table 1 Stables wastewater: See section 3.2 below for more information on exercise poolsWhat types of treatment are Where can this systemsuitable?discharge to?Is authorisation required for thedischarge?Public foul/ combined sewer Public foul/combined(or landspreading) sewers connect tosewage treatment plantsTo public sewer by gravity or operated by waterpumped.Generallycompanies, which areacceptable, subject toauthorised to treat theapproval. Can be landspread effluent and discharge toif water is contaminated with surface water ormanure from stables.groundwater.Yes, a Trade Effluent Consent fromyour sewerage undertaker.Package Treatment PlantWales: an environmental permit willbe required.(PTP) You may need to considerinstalling a suitably sizedsedimentation tank tobalance flows and providesolids separation prior totreatment.Septic tankDirect to surface wateror ground water via anappropriately designed &constructed drainagefield.Solid matter e.g. bedding or faecesmust not be present in the dischargeas this could cause sewer blockages.Scotland: an authorisation under CAR.Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.See Reference 4: BS6297Code of Practice forContact your Environmentaldesigning drainage fields. Regulator Septic tanks have limitedcapacity for both the volumeand strength of effluent theycan treat, so are unlikely tobe suitable for drainage fromstables wash down, or thedraining of exercise pools.Cesspit/ cesspool or othersealed system Cesspools/cesspits notallowed in Scotland, sealedholding tanks to protectseptic tanks are. Fit alarm toprevent overfilling.Only to ground water viaan appropriatelydesigned & constructeddrainage field. (or inScotland: also by using agravel filter or reed bedif conditions require)Wales: an environmental permit willbe requiredScotland: an authorisation under theControlled Activities Regulations(CAR).Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.See Reference 4: BS6297Code of Practice forContact your Environmentaldesigning drainage fields. RegulatorSealed system so nodischarge. All contentsneed to be regularlytankered away fortreatment at anauthorised facility by aregistered waste carrier.Wales and Northern Ireland: Noauthorisation is required, as there isno discharge to the environment.Duty of Care Regulations apply.9GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Table 2 Kennels wastewater Contaminated runoff from kennels, yards and exercise areas.What types of treatment aresuitable?Where can this systemdischarge to?Is authorisation required forthe discharge?Public foul/combined sewer. Preferred option, by gravity orpumped, subject to availablecapacity. Caution: dog faecesmust not be present in thedischarge i.e. they must becollected separately prior towashdown due to risk to humanhealth from toxocara eggs.Public foul/combined sewersconnect to sewage treatmentplants operated by watercompanies, which treat theeffluent and discharge tosurface water or groundwater.They operate under anauthorisation from therelevant EnvironmentalRegulator.Yes, a Trade Effluent Consentfrom your sewerageundertaker, solid matter e.g.bedding must not be presentin the discharge as this couldcause sewer blockages.Package Treatment Plant (PTP) Direct to surface water or ground water via anappropriately designed &See Reference 4: BS6297 Codeconstructed drainage field.of Practice for designingCaution: use of certaindrainage fieldsdisinfectants could harm yourPTP/septic tank – check withthe supplier before use.Septic tank See Reference 4: BS6297 Codeof Practice for designingdrainage fields.Cesspit/ cesspool or othersealed system Cesspools/cesspits not allowedin Scotland, sealed holdingtanks to protect septic tanksare.Only to ground water via anappropriately designed &constructed drainage field.(InScotland: also by using a gravelfilter or reed bed system)The volume of runoff, or thevolume once disinfectants arediluted, could be more thanthe system can cope with.Seek advice from yoursupplier.Sealed system so no discharge.All the contents need to betankered away for treatmentat an authorised facility by aregistered waste carrier. Fitalarm to prevent overfilling.Blood from carcasses mustnot be disposed of to sewer.Wales: an environmentalpermit will be requiredScotland: an authorisationunder the ControlledActivities Regulations (CAR).Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.Wales: an environmentalpermit will be required.Scotland: an authorisationunder the ControlledActivities Regulations (CAR).Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.Contact your EnvironmentalRegulatorWales and Northern Ireland:No authorisation is required,as there is no discharge tothe environment. Duty ofCare Regulations apply.10GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Table 3 Catteries wastewater: Contaminated runoff from catteriesWhat types oftreatment are suitable?Where can this system discharge to?Is authorisation required forthe discharge?Public foul/ combinedPublic foul/combined sewers connectto sewage treatment plants operatedby water companies, which treat theeffluent and discharge to surfacewater or groundwater. They operateunder an authorisation from therelevant Environmental Regulator.Yes, a Trade Effluent Consentfrom your sewerageundertaker, solid matter e.g.bedding must not be presentin the discharge as this couldcause sewer blockages.Direct to surface water or groundwater via an appropriately designed &constructed drainage field. Caution:use of certain disinfectants couldharm your PTP/septic tank – checkwith the PTP/septic tank supplierbefore use to prevent pollution.Wales: an environmentalpermit will be requiredOnly to ground water via anappropriately designed & constructeddrainage field. (In Scotland: also by asoakaway or using a gravel filter orreed bed if conditions require)Wales: an environmentalpermit will be requiredsewer Preferred option, bygravity or pumped,subject to availablecapacity.Package TreatmentPlant (PTP) See Reference 4: BS6297Code of Practice fordesigning drainagefields.Septic tank See Reference 4: BS6297Code of Practice fordesigning drainagefields.Cesspit/ cesspool orother sealed system Cesspools/cesspits notallowed in Scotland,sealed holding tanks toprotect septic tanks are.Caution: use of certain disinfectantscould harm your PTP/septic tank –check with supplier before use toprevent pollution.This is a sealed system so there is nodischarge. All liquid and settled wasteneed to be regularly tankered awayfor treatment at an authorised facilityby a registered waste carrier. Fit analarm to prevent overfilling.Scotland: an authorisationunder the ControlledActivities Regulations (CAR).Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.Scotland: an authorisationunder the ControlledActivities Regulations (CAR).Northern Ireland: a dischargeconsent, or PPC permit.Contact your EnvironmentalRegulatorWales and Northern Ireland:No authorisation is required,as there is no discharge tothe environment. Duty ofCare Regulations apply.11GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Table 4 Runoff from Hunt Kennels where fallen stock is butcheredPremises which handle fallen stock (hunt kennels) must be registered with: In Northern Ireland, DAERA In the rest of the UK with the Animal and Plant Health Agencyand satisfy biosecurity and record keeping requirements. See Reference 15:Registration for premises that butcher fallen stock.Under the Animal By-Products Regulations (ABPR) any run off from a site thatbutchers fallen stock must go through a 6mm drain trap or mesh before going fordisposal.If the runoff goes to a public sewer you must have a Trade Effluent Consent fromyour sewerage provider.If the runoff is treated in a package treatment plant you must make sure that theplant has the capacity to deal with the volume of runoff that you produce.If you have a package treatment plant you will need a permit, or exemption, fromyour environmental regulator.Table 5 Uncontaminated surface water drainageWhat about clean, uncontaminated surface water draining from e.g. roofs,pathways and small parking areas?This can be discharged to soakaway or direct to a water body without treatment. InScotland, for buildings constructed after 1 April 2007 this must include SUDS.Roofwater downpipes should have sealed connections to prevent the entry ofcontaminated surface water. If possible, consider building a roof over yards andother potentially contaminated areas as this will reduce the volume ofcontaminated water you need to treat. Caution: do not allow clean water to enteryou Package Treatment Plant or septic tank – the extra water will reduce theeffective capacity of the system and may flush solids out causing pollution.You should also consult with your Local Council for standards required by BuildingRegulations (Ref 14 – Local Council contact details)12GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
See GPP4: Treatment and disposal of sewage where no foul sewer is available(Reference 5) for more information on e.g. the different types of system, how todesign a drainage field and how to maintain your system.The authorisation from your Environmental Regulator will contain conditions relatingto what the discharge may contain.3.2 Draining down of exercise poolsIf you have exercise pools this will place an extra load on the septic tank or packagetreatment plant when it is drained. You would need to check with the technicalspecifications of the system to see what volume of wastewater can be treated.Allow chlorinated water to stand for several days until the chemicals haveevaporated off.You may need to drain an exercise pool slowly over a period of days to allow yoursystem to cope.If you drain an exercise pool to sewer, your sewerage provider may place conditionson the rate at which you can drain it to protect the receiving wastewater treatmentplant.Reference 10 SEPA: Discharge of chlorinated effluent.13GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
4. Waste and resource managementYou might produce non-hazardous and hazardous waste, examples include:Non-hazardous waste i.e. WasteTransfer Note requiredFood and kitchen waste (if intendedfor feeding, compost or biogas thenthe Animal By-Products Regulationsapply)Sewage sludge from yourcesspit/septic tank/packagetreatment plantAnimal faeces must be kept separateand disposed of via landfill orincineration only (Horse manure canbe landspread as part of a farmnutrient management plan)Soiled bedding (bedding from stablescan be used as a fertiliser andlandspread)Hazardous/Special waste i.e.Consignment Note requiredWaste chemicals and veterinarymedicinesUsed chemical containers fromhazardous materials (check the SDS)Veterinary products or veterinarywastes that carry a risk of infection(See Reference 7 – British VeterinarySociety - Guidance for dealing withveterinary waste)Asbestos roofing tiles/corrugatedsheetsWaste electrical equipmentEnergy-saving light bulbsUsed oilYou must manage your waste in accordance with the Duty of Care Regulations. Thisinvolves: Safe and secure storage of waste Segregation of recyclable waste where required Segregation of hazardous/special waste The use of a registered waste carrier to remove waste from your site – seeReference 11 for how to search your relevant Environmental Regulator’s publicregister The use of waste transfer notes or consignment notes (for hazardous specialwaste)14GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
Keeping records – you must keep copies of Waste Transfer Notes for aminimum of two years and Hazardous Waste Consignment Notes for aminimum of three years.For more information, please see Reference 6: Duty of Care - Codes of Practice andReference 8: Hazardous/special waste.4.1 Animal faeces and soiled beddingHorses (and donkeys)Horse manure and soiled bedding can be collected, stored and landspead as part of afarm nutrient management plan.Cats and DogsYou should collect, and securely bag all animal faeces and soiled bedding from catsand dogs for disposal. Animal faeces from cats and dogs are classified as offensivewaste and can therefore only be disposed of at an authorised landfill (if it has noinfectious properties) or incineration facility. They must not be spread to land.You cannot burn soiled bedding from cats and dogs, mix it with agricultural waste orspread to land due to the risk of parasitic worms to grazing animals.4.2 Disposal of animal carcassesThere is a distinction between animals that are kept by individuals as pets, andanimals that are owned by a business, such as farmed animals, those belonging to ariding school, hunt kennels or other commercial operation.Animals kept by individuals as pets, including dogs, horses and donkeys kept as pets,can be buried, although care must be taken to ensure that the location is suitable toprevent pollution of groundwater. Dead pets such as dogs and cats can also bedisposed of by contacting a vet who will be able to arrange disposal.Commercial horses and donkeys are classed as farmed animals and if you handle ordispose of animal carcasses, you must meet the requirements of the ABPR. Fallencarcasses are classed as ABPR Category 2 material. Disposal options includeincineration in an approved incinerator, or rendering followed by incineration. Horsecarcasses can be disposed of by registered hunt kennels.Dog carcasses that are not pets, from hunt kennels, are likely to have drugs in theirsystem so are classed as Category 1 ABP.15GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
If you keep horses, donkeys, dogs or other animals as part of a commercial operationor business, such as a riding school, racing stable or hunt kennel, you must not buryor burn animal carcasses on your land, and dead animals should be removed as soonas possible. This applies to animals owned by the business, not to animals belongingto individuals who keep them on your premises, for example at a livery yard. Thesecan be buried if a suitable location can be found.The National Fallen Stock Company helps farmers and horse owners comply with theABPR by providing a scheme that offers a legal, reliable and low-cost means ofcollecting and disposing of carcasses. The scheme is open to all farmed-livestockowners and businesses. If you join the scheme you will be provided with thecollection rates for operators in your area. (see Reference 9: The National FallenStock Company)If you arrange disposal of horse, donkey, dog or other animal carcasses yourself, youshould ensure they are removed by: a renderer or licensed knacker's yard that is approved by the Animal and PlantHealth Agency (APHA), or Department of Agriculture, Environment and RuralAffairs (DAERA) in Northern Ireland a registered waste carrier and transported to an incinerator licensed under theABPR. an APHA or DAERA approved hunt kennels if they are to be used as dog feed.Livestock carcases (fallen stock including horses) collected by the hunt kennelsare, when collected, category 2 ABP so this must be mentioned in thecommercial document given to the business by the hunt kennels when theycollect them.4.3 Managing manureManure and stable bedding heaps should be placed where there is no risk of anypolluting runoff entering watercourses. If sited in fields they should be at least 10metres from any waterbodies. They should be at least 50 metres from any borehole,spring or well that supplies drinking water or for use in dairy farms.Alternatively manure and bedding heaps should be placed on an impermeable basewith sealed drainage to ensure any runoff is channelled into a sealed, sufficientlysized tank for storage.16GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
The manure stored in temporary field heaps, or on an impermeable base, can beused as a fertiliser by spreading to land for agricultural benefit. This should be doneas part of a Nutrient Management Plan and in accordance with the guidelinescontained in the relevant Codes of Good Agricultural Practice. (See Reference 14:Codes of Good Agricultural Practice).17GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and CatteriesJanuary 2017
5. ReferencesReference 1. Guidance for Pollution Prevention (GPP) 2: Above Ground Oil ps-full-list/Reference 2 Permission to dischargeIn Northern Ireland – Discharge consent from the NIEA – contact NIEA /applyIn Scotland - Authorisation under CAR – contact SEPA s-and-permits/applicationforms/#WaterIn Wales –Environmental Permits under the Environmental Permitting Regulations –contact Natural Resources Wales at ang enReference 3 Water and sewerage providersWater UK – list of water and sewerage ur-supplierScotland on Tap – list of water and sewerage providers in /suppliersReference 4 Code of practice – drainage fieldsBS 6297: Code of practice for the design and installation of drainage fields for use inwastewater treatment athttp://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid 000000000030186875Reference 5 GPP 4 Where no fo
GPP 24 Stables, Kennels and Catteries January 2017 GPP24: Stables, Kennels and Catteries 1. Introduction Stables, kennels and catteries and similar facilities such as zoos or wildlife parks are often in remote locations away from public mains drainage. A number of pollution risks are commonly associated with these types of premises, including:
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