Dynamics Of Electrolyte Solutions Confined In Nanoporous Membranes
Dynamics of electrolyte solutions confinedin nanoporous MembranesPrésentation du Partenaire 4 de l’ANRPierre-Andre Cazade (postdoc ANR),Benoit Coasne (CR), François Henn (PR)Institut Charles Gerhardt is.henn@univmontp2.frhttp://www.icgm.fr/
Adsorption et Dynamique dans lesMatériaux NanoporeuxMatrices poreusesNanopores σNanopores 10σZeolites, Argiles,Charbons, CarbonNanotube, etc.Silices mesoporeusesMCM-41, SBA-15, Vycor,Matériaux cimentaires, etc.Systemes resSystèmescoulombiens
Plus concretement Size and polarizability:Confinement: sodium halides NaX (X F, Cl, Br, I) 2 diameters for the carbon [NaX] 1.8 mol.l-1nanotube (1 and 3 nm)IClNaBr30 ÅFwat10 Å
Plus concretement Charged surface-1eDefective system-0.003e
Echelles de Temps et d’EspaceMéthodescontinues100Méthodes Mésoscopiques(ms) 10-3Méthodesclassiques(µµs) 10-6Méthodesquantiquesapprochées(ns) 10-9(ps) 10-12MéthodesquantiquesAdapted from Alba-Simionesco et al.J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2006(fs) 10-1510-1010-9(nm)10-810-710-6(µµm)10-510-4
Plus concretement Collaboration avec M. Jardat (Univ. Paris 6).Simulation de dynamique brownienneDynamique moléculaireΣ F maDynamique brownienneΣ F Fstoch. ma
Vers une modelisation desystemes nanofluidiquesCollaboration avec M. Jardat (Univ. Paris 6).D 3 nmL 7 nm avec reservoirPore charge ou nonReseau de porescylindriques
Patrick BONNAUDPhDSupervisors:RolandPELLENQBenoît COASNEJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isled'AbeauContrat de Programme de RecherchePorosité, transport et résistance des matériaux cimentairesLe gel d'un film moléculaire ou électrolytique à la surfaced'un mésoporeCentre Interdisciplinaire des Nanosciences de MarseilleDépartement Théorie et Simulation NumériqueUPR 3118 – Campus de Luminy case 913 – 13288 MARSEILLE cedex 917 / 09 /2009
Patrick BONNAUDPhDSupervisors:RolandPELLENQBenoît COASNEJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isled'AbeauContrat de Programme de RecherchePorosité, transport et résistance des matériaux cimentairesLe gel d'un film moléculaire ou électrolytique à la surfaced'un mésoporeCentre Interdisciplinaire des Nanosciences de MarseilleDépartement Théorie et Simulation NumériqueUPR 3118 – Campus de Luminy case 913 – 13288 MARSEILLE cedex 917 / 09 /2009
IntroductionSystemsInteraction -H Microstructure(C CaO, S Si02 et H H20)Hypothesis:Ca2 Si0CaO2Ribbon-shaped structuredBrick-shaped particlesHRTEM micrograph of C-S-H:Cement paste is a disorderedassembly of these particles(multi scale porosity)Ordered stacksof nano-lamellaeObtained with anenvironmental TEMinstrument (Jeol 300KeV) at70% relative humidityJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)A. Baronnet, CINaM, CNRS Marseille, France10
IntroductionSystemsInteraction earch projectWhen a pore is saturated with a fluid:Under the freezing point, a common accepted idea points out water as themain reason of cement paste damaging (crystallization forces)Beaudoin and Mc Innis experiment (CCR, Vol. 4, p. 139-147, 1974)Cement pore saturated with benzeneSame effect as with water cement pasteswelling damages are not only due to density fluctuationsTherefore,JDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)11
IntroductionSystemsInteraction earch projectAnother explanation: cryo-suction effectsPhysically adsorbed layer at the pore surfaceIsolatedRemain liquid-like even below the freezingpointCryo-suctionCryo-suction: ability of the ice phase to attractliquid water to keep the thermodynamicequilibrium between the 2 phases@ equilibriumMigration of liquid water via the first adsorbedlayer Swelling of the pore (explain Beaudoin &Mc Innis experiment) At this temperature range, importance ofthe water layer in contact with the pore wallJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)PhDobjectivesUnderstand thermodynamics anddynamics of the substrate contactlayer12
IntroductionSystemsInteraction ica slit poresStart from β-cristobalite ideal phaseNeutral surfacesSelect (001) surface density of7.8 OH groups/nm2Amorphous:Maximumrandomdisplacement of 0.7Åin the 3directions of spaceCharged surfacesCharged surfacesHHHx HH-σσ -0.6 C.m-2 (-0.039e/Å2)Tobermorite (Ca/Si 1): σ -0.5 C.m-2 (-0.03e/Å2)JDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)(Ca2 counter-ions)13
ResultsCharged Pore Surfaces1.Adsorption2. Structure3.FreezingJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)14
IntroductionSystemsInteraction orption/desorption Isotherms1nm silica slit pore with Ca2 ions @300K Hydrophilic behavior More adsorbed amount of waterwith Ca2 ion systemsCharacteristic of a small pore filling (like in zeolites)JDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)15
IntroductionSystemsInteraction orption/desorption Isotherms2nm silica slit pore with Ca2 ions @300KCapillarycondensationHssireteysoploMore adsorbedamount of waterwith Ca2 ionsystemsJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)16
IntroductionSystemsInteraction steric heat of adsorption1nm silica slit pore with Ca2 ions @300K Qliquefaction heat ofwaterJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)17
ResultsCharged Pore Surfaces1.Adsorption2. Structure3.FreezingJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)18
IntroductionSystemsInteraction sity profiles1nm silica slit pore with Ca2 ions @300K(Schoch et al, Review of Modern Physics, Vol. 80, 2008) Whatever the pressure, ions stayin the vicinity of the surface Correspond to the stern layer inclassical modelJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)19
IntroductionSystemsInteraction le distribution (OwHw,n)2nm silica slit pore with Ca2 ions @300K Water structure inthe vicinity of the poresurface is not the samefor the 2 systemsJDD ATILH '09, VICAT, Isle d'Abeau(17/09/2009)20
Dynamics of electrolyte solutions confined in nanoporous Membranes benoit.coasne@univ-montp2.fr . (crystallization forces) Beaudoin and Mc Innis experiment (CCR, Vol. 4, p. 139-147, 1974) . Understand thermodynamics and dynamics of the substrate contact layer Introductio n
B. Permit-Required Confined Space Program Departments will identify and classify every confined space as either a Permit-Required Confined Space or, when the confined space does not present a real potential hazard, a Non-Permit Confined Space. When Permit-Required Confined Spaces are identified, department heads and supervisors will also be
5.2 Eliminating the need to enter a confined space 9 5.3 Fit for work 9 5.4 Identification of a confined space 9 5.5 Confined space entry process 11 5.6 Confined space entry risk assessment 12 5.7 Preparing a confined space for entry 13 5.8 Establishing access points 16 5.9 Confirming a confined space entry team 17
4.0 PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES . 4.1. Classifications of Confined Spaces . Departments will identify and classify every confined space as a: 1. Permit-required confined space; or . 2. Non-permit confined space: when a confined space does not present a safety hazard or potential/ real atmospheric hazard. 4.2. Program Elements for Permit .
Every confined space is unique, and every confined space will have its own hazards Workers must be trained to enter a confined space. This is an awareness course and does not replace confined space training. Confined space means an enc
These include confined cooking fires, confined chimney or flue fires, confined trash fires, confined fuel burner or boiler fires, confined commercial compactor fires, and confined incinerator fires (incident type 113-118). Losses are generally minimal in these fires, which are assumed to have been limited to the object of origin.
IDENTIFYING CONFINED SPACES Document the process : Complete a Confined Space Hazard Analysis Form for each suspected space. All spaces that are considered confined spaces are then transferred to the confined space log. Create a separate log for permit and non-permit confined spaces. Have the spaces marked with an appropriate sign.
b. When is expected to perform work in a UO Confined Space, the Contractor will also follow all required applicable OR-OSHA Confined Space codes. c. Having their own Confined Space Program and enter UO Confined Spaces under their own Permit system. d. Upon request Contractors will be required to provide a copy of their Confined Space Program to .
10 Automotive EMC Considerations Prepare for testing by configuring a fully functional system that can be delivered to the test laboratory on the scheduled start date. Be sure to add time to make sure all of the wiring harnesses, support equipment, etc. are ready for the project start date. As a minimum the lab will need the following items: Certain specialized support equipment can be .
