Uber Advanced Public Safety Officials And First Responders' Guide

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Uber AdvancedTechnologies GroupPublic Safety Officials andFirst Responders’ GuideInteracting with Uber ATG Vehicles Operatedby Mission SpecialistsUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-2019

00 Table of ContentsIntroduction04Vehicle Extrication01Uber ATG Self-Driving VehiclesIdentifying an Uber ATG Self-Driving VehicleTechnology OverviewOn-Road Operations05Post-Incident Response andData AccessibilityMission Specialist Response02Post-Crash Features of the Vehicle03Disengagement, Immobilization,and Powering DownSafe Vehicle Relocation and TowingPost-Incident Data Requests06Contact InformationAdditional ResourcesDisengagementIdentifying the System StateDisengaging the Self-Driving SystemImmobilizationPowering DownUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-20192

This version of the guide is scoped to support UberATG’s self-driving testing with Mission Specialists,i.e., trained safety drivers. ATG will make a subsequentversion of this guide available to cover emergencyresponse protocols or interactions with a driverlessself-driving vehicle. Currently, Uber ATG is conductingtesting with two Mission Specialists in the front seatsof the vehicle. Mission Specialists undergo trainingthat prepares them to respond to scenarios such asthose involving emergency vehicles, manually-directedtraffic, and routine traffic stops. They also undergoincident response training that prepares them torespond following an incident, including engagementwith emergency personnel. This guide does notaddress self-driving vehicles owned and/or developedby third-parties that may be operating on the Ubernetwork in the future, and only covers that data thatrelates to an incident involving an Uber ATG vehicle.The information contained in this guide referencesand complements that found in our Voluntary SafetySelf-Assessment and is intended to further the U.S.Department of Transportation’s recommendationto engage in robust public education as anessential aspect of the development of self-drivingtechnology. More information on our approach tosafe development and testing of developmental selfdriving vehicles is available at uber.com/ATG/safety. IntroductionThis guide describes how to identify Uber AdvancedTechnologies Group’s (Uber ATG’s) developmental selfdriving vehicles in the event of an emergency situation,and provides guidelines for safe interaction withthose vehicles. It is intended for use by trained publicsafety officials and first responders in ATG operatinglocations, and assumes appropriate familiarization withsafe emergency response procedures.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-20193

01 Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideUber ATGSelf-Driving Vehiclesv01-20194

Uber ATG currently operates a small, developmentalfleet of self-driving vehicles. The fleet is currentlycomprised of Uber ATG’s Second Generation Volvovehicles, XC90 T8 Hybrid Electric SUVs, upfittedwith sensors and our developmental self-drivingtechnology.Uber ATG developmental self-driving vehicles areclearly identifiable by:1 Uber branding on both sides of the vehicle.2 The sensor wing attached to the roof.2101 Uber ATG Self-Driving VehiclesIdentifying an Uber ATGSelf-Driving VehicleUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-20195

Technology Overview14265371 L ight Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)LIDAR is a remote sensing method that uses light in theform of a pulsed laser to measure distances to actorsand objects. Each upfitted XC90 is equipped with onetop-mounted LIDAR unit. Uber ATG’s self-driving systemutilizes a LIDAR unit with a range of over 100 meters (m).2 C amerasEach upfitted XC90 is equipped with cameras that providehigh resolution, near-, medium-, and long-range imagery.There are cameras mounted in the sensor pod on top ofthe vehicle and around the vehicle for 360 coverage. Thecamera hardware and accompanying firmware are customto the Uber ATG self-driving system. Some of thesecameras have a wide field of view and some have a narrowfield of view. A system of cameras provides imagery tosupport near-range sensing of people and objects within5m from the vehicle, in particular to assist during pick upand drop off, lane changing, and parking.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guide3 RadarEach upfitted XC90 is equipped with radars that provideobject detection, ranging, and relative velocity of objects.Forward-facing radars are mounted below the headlamps,side-facing radars are mounted in the front and rearcorners of the vehicle, and rear-facing radars are mountednear the ends of the bumper beam.4 G lobal Positioning System (GPS)The GPS system provides rough position to supportlocalization, vehicle command, map data collect missions,and satellite measurements.6 T elematicsCustom telematics hardware and software providecellular data communication to support carrier networkredundancy, secure mobile data traffic, and authenticatedcloud communication.7 V ehicle Interface Module (VIM)The VIM is a gateway to allow the self-driving computer tocommunicate with the various vehicle control systems.5 Self-Driving ComputerThe self-driving computer is the main system computerrunning Perception, Prediction, Motion Planning, andother software. The computer hardware and firmware arecustom to Uber ATG’s self-driving system. The computer isliquid-cooled for high power heat rejection.v01-20196

Currently, Uber ATG operates developmental selfdriving vehicles with two Mission Specialists in thefront seat of the vehicle. Both Mission Specialistsundergo training on our developmental vehicles, whichprepares them to operate the vehicles on our test trackand on public roads. Training includes education onthe self-driving system and operating skills. The Pilot, or operator behind the steering wheel, issolely focused on ensuring safe operation ofthe vehicle.Each vehicle is equipped with a touchscreen tablet,the Operator Tablet, that communicates importantinformation to our Mission Specialists, including turnby-turn directions and self-driving system mode. It islocated on the center dashboard and follows NHTSA’sHuman Factors Guidance for Driver-Vehicle Interfaces1to minimize distraction connected to installed vehiclecomponents. It does not require input from thePilot while driving and automatically limits devicefunctionality when traveling over 5 miles per hour.1NHTSA, 2016, ‘Human FactorsDesign Guidance For DriverVehicle Interfaces.’ The Co-Pilot, the second operator in the right frontseat, is tasked with monitoring and annotating thebehavior of the self-driving system via a laptop.01 Uber ATG Self-Driving VehiclesOn-Road OperationsUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-20197

02 Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuidePost-Crash Featuresof the Vehiclev01-20198

Post-Crash Featuresof the VehiclePost-Crash BehaviorIn the event of a collision, the Volvo XC90 basevehicle’s post-impact safety features will continueto function as expected and may perform a varietyof actions depending on the type and severity of thecollision detected, including: Passive Safety Feature ActivationDeploys front and side curtain airbags, activates seat belttensioners, and automatically unlocks doors.2Volvo Cars, 2018,‘Safety mode.’ Safety Mode ActivationReduces vehicle functionality when any of the vehicle’svital functions may have been damaged in a collision.When activated, a warning may be shown on thedashboard with the message “Safety mode See Owner’smanual.”2 Post-Impact BrakingBrings the vehicle to a controlled stop after the collision toavoid the vehicle entering the path of other vehicles. Hazard Lights IlluminationWarns other approaching drivers of the potential hazard. High-Voltage Battery DisconnectionDisconnects the high-voltage battery to minimize risk ofelectric shock to passengers and first responders. Shouldthe collision result in the automatic disconnection of thehigh-voltage battery, the self-driving system will also losepower within 30 seconds. Fuel Supply DisconnectionDisconnects the fuel supply to the engine. Emergency Services Notification02 Automatically makes an emergency call to personneltrained to immediately assist. The GPS location of thevehicle is automatically sent so that first responders canbe called directly to the scene of the incident.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideNOTE : In a low-impact collision, these features may not beautomatically triggered. In the case of a low-impact collision, seeSection 03: Disengagement, Immobilization, and Powering Down.v01-20199

03 Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideDisengagement,Immobilization, andPowering Downv01-201910

03 Disengagement, Immobilization,and Powering DownUnder many different types of circumstances, MissionSpecialists are trained to take manual control of the vehicle,which automatically disengages the self-driving system. Whilewe do not anticipate public safety officials or first respondersneeding to manually disengage, immobilize, or power downthe system, familiarity with these protocols will enable firstresponders to understand the state of the automation system,should the Mission Specialist be unable to act or respond.DisengagementTransitions to and from manual driving help facilitatesafe testing and manage a number of types of risk. Thesetransitions are traditionally completed only by MissionSpecialists who have received the training necessary tounderstand how and when to do so safely.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-201911

03 Disengagement, Immobilization,and Powering DownIdentifying the System StateIn each discrete self-driving system state (manual,ready to engage, self-driving), the current operationalmode is displayed to the Mission Specialist on theOperator Tablet using a persistent banner thatchanges color and text depending on the mode.Turn-by-turn instructions, including route lines, aredisplayed on the tablet; route lines match the color ofthe banner. ManualUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guide Ready To Engagev01-2019 Self-Driving12

03 Disengagement, Immobilization,and Powering DownDisengaging the Self-Driving SystemUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideWe have designed theself-driving system to havemultiple means of shifting fromself-driving to manual driving.34Any of the following actions will independentlydisengage the self-driving system:1 Press the accelerator pedal.2 Press the brake pedal.3 Rotate the steering wheel.4 Press and hold both steering wheel paddles.21v01-2019While not intended as primary disengagementmethods, a Pilot disconnecting their seatbeltor opening their door will also disengage the selfdriving system.13

03 Disengagement, Immobilization,and Powering DownUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideImmobilization /Locking the WheelsThe Park Switch and Electronic Parking Brake provide twomethods for locking the vehicle wheels, in order to preventrollaway. In the event that these controls are not automaticallyapplied, both can be activated manually by controls locatedon the center console. Once activated, these controls willcontinue to keep the wheels locked even in the event thatelectrical power is lost.11 P arkPush the P button to place the vehicle in Park.2 E lectronic Parking BrakePull the rocker switch (P) upwards and hold for 3 seconds toapply.3Powering Down /Stopping the Engine2In the event of a collision, to power down the developmentalself-driving vehicle follow the same protocol as poweringdown a standard Volvo XC90 by using the Start/Stop knob.The Start/Stop knob is located on the center console. Thismethod will prevent any further vehicle propulsion.3 S tart / Stop EngineTwist the knob clockwise and hold for 3 seconds to power off thevehicle.Uber ATG developmental self-driving vehicles contain anadditional low voltage 12-volt battery used to power the selfdriving sensors and computer. This battery is located in thetrunk area and secured below a tamper-proof load-bearingfloor. The 12-volt battery will power off automatically with theloss of high-voltage power; systems powered downstream of thebattery will power off within 30 seconds. Actuation of the vehiclecontrols will be disabled immediately once the ignition is off.v01-201914

04 Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideVehicle Extricationv01-201915

Vehicle ExtricationThe following diagram details information aboutand location of the different types of stored energy,e.g., pyrotechnical, fuel, and electric voltage, foundin the Uber ATG developmental self-driving vehicle.These locations should be taken into considerationduring rescue activities, including extrication, toavoid accidental activation or ignition of systems. It isimportant to note that, in addition to the Volvo XC90base vehicle high-voltage system, Uber ATG adds anadditional high-voltage line along the passenger sideof the vehicle, and it is connected to the base vehiclehigh-voltage system. In the event the high-voltagesystem is disconnected, this line will be disconnectedas well. The Volvo base vehicle 12-volt battery andhigh-voltage system isolation process remainunchanged from the base vehicle.1 Airbags6Battery2Danger zone7High voltage3Seat belt pretensioner8 Additional UberATG battery4Reinforcements9 Additional UberATG high voltage5FuelNOTE : This diagram was modified from its original source to includethe additional high-voltage line and 12-volt battery in the Uber ATGdevelopmental vehicle. With added awareness of the additions, all basevehicle emergency response information remains applicable to theUber ATG developmental self-driving vehicle and can be found in theVolvo XC90 Safety Instructions for Rescue Work.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuideDescriptions and Locations of Stored Energy in Uber ATG’s Second Generation Volvo Developmental Vehicles,Modified from Original Source: Volvo Carsv01-201916

05 Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ GuidePost-Incident Responseand Data Accessibilityv01-201917

Post-Incident Responseand Data AccessibilityMission Specialist ResponseSafe Vehicle Relocation and TowingIn the event of a collision involving an Uber ATGdevelopmental self-driving vehicle, Mission Specialistswill contact the Uber ATG Operations team andperform the necessary Uber ATG emergency responseprocedures, which may, depending on localrequirements and the facts surrounding a particularincident, include notifying local public safety officialsand/or deploying an Uber ATG Operations supervisorto the scene.As part of the Mission Specialists’ functions, theyare trained to move the vehicle to a safe locationafter an incident, provided it is safe and possibleto do so. If it is not possible to move the vehicle,they will follow the appropriate emergencyresponse procedures.Where it is safe to do so, the Mission Specialistsremain with the vehicle post-crash to providereasonable assistance to involved parties, includinglaw enforcement and first responders. Data from thevehicle will not be immediately available on the scene.In accordance with Uber ATG’s incident responsetraining, Mission Specialists and supervisors arerequired to collect: Officer’s name Agency name Badge number Phone number Police report/citation numberMission Specialists are trained to avoid turning onthe engine after an incident to preserve the dataon the vehicle. If a public safety or first responderfinds it necessary to turn on the vehicle for anyreason, the vehicle should NOT be turned onfor an extended period of time. Turning on thedevelopmental vehicle for an extended periodof time prior to offloading the data risks data lossor corruption to data captured before or duringthe incident.Uber ATG contracts vehicle towing services in eachof its operating locations that will respond oncecontacted, in the event the Uber ATG vehicle cannotbe manually operated. The Uber ATG Operationsteam will provide the contact information for thetowing company. Our contracted towing companiesare experienced with relocating our vehicles and aretrained on the best methods to interact with ourvehicles without damaging the base vehicle,self-driving sensors, or self-driving computer. Information about the incident05 Photos of the vehicleUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-201918

Post-Incident Responseand Data AccessibilityPost-Incident Data RequestsOur developmental vehicles capture significantquantities of environmental and system data, mostof which is useful only when processed throughproprietary systems. All of this data must be manuallyoffloaded before being accessed and is therefore notavailable at the scene of an incident.Uber maintains an online portal to streamline andsimplify requests for data from our self-drivingvehicles that might provide necessary information fora law enforcement investigation. To submit a requestto the Uber Law Enforcement Response Team (LERT),law enforcement personnel should create an accountand submit the request through the LERT Portal atlert.uber.com.The LERT Portal is a central place for law enforcementto communicate securely with our Law EnforcementOperations team on both routine and exigent matters.We have a dedicated team monitoring the portal 24/7,and it is the best way to receive timely, up-to-dateresponses. The portal can be used to request datapreservation, submit legal process for obtaining data,get status updates on responses to legal process, andask questions.05 All other inquiries can be directed to:info-atg@uber.com.Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-201919

06 Contact InformationLaw Enforcement Response Teamlert.uber.comGeneral Informationinfo-atg@uber.comAdditional ResourcesUber ATG Safety Resourcesuber.com/ATG/safetyNational Fire Protection AssociationAlternative Fuel Vehicles Safety TrainingSafety Information for Electric Vehicle FiresNational Highway Traffic Safety AdministrationInterim Guidance for Electric and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles EquippedWith High-Voltage BatteriesVolvo CarsVolvo XC90 Safety Instructions for Rescue WorkUber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders’ Guidev01-201920

Uber ATG Public Safety Officials and First Responders' Guide v01-2019 3 This guide describes how to identify Uber Advanced Technologies Group's (Uber ATG's) developmental self-driving vehicles in the event of an emergency situation, and provides guidelines for safe interaction with those vehicles. It is intended for use by trained public

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