An Analysis Translation Strategy Used In Translating Idioms From .
AN ANALYSIS TRANSLATION STRATEGY USED IN TRANSLATINGIDIOMS FROM ENGLISH INTO INDONESIA INTHE PITCH PERFECT 3 MOVIE SUBTITLEA ThesisSubmitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the S1-DegreeBy :MONICHA DESTARIANPM: 1411040287Study Program: English EducationTARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING FACULTYSTATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITYRADEN INTAN LAMPUNG2019
AN ANALYSIS TRANSLATION STRATEGY USED IN TRANSLATINGIDIOMS FROM ENGLISH INTO INDONESIA INTHE PITCH PERFECT 3 MOVIE SUBTITLEA ThesisSubmitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the S1-DegreeBy :MONICHA DESTARIANPM: 1411040287Study Program: English EducationAdvisorCo-Advisor: Iwan Kurniawan, M.Pd: Yulan Puspita Rini, M.ATARBIYAH AND TEACHER TRAINING FACULTYSTATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITYRADEN INTAN LAMPUNG2019
ABSTRACTAN ANALYSIS TRANSLATION STRATEGY USED IN TRANSLATINGIDIOM FROM ENGLISH INTO INDONESIA IN THE PITCH PERFECT 3MOVIE SUBTITLEBy:Monicha DestariaThis research was dealed to analyze the idioms translation from Englishinto Indonesia in the Pitch Perfect 3 Movie Subtitle. The aims of this research: 1)to find the strategies used in translating idiom from English into Indonesia in thePitch Perfect 3 movie subtitle, 2) to identify if the meaning of idioms areconveyed correctly in the Indonesian subtitle, and 3) to decide the best strategy tobe used in translating idiom from English into Indonesian subtitle of Pitch Perfect3 movie.This research was conducted by using Descriptitive Qualitative researchmethod. The source of the data was subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 movie, both Englishand Indonesia. Baker’s translation strategies to translate idiom was used toclassify the idiom. To determine which idioms were translated accurate, lessaccurate, or inaccurate, this research used IDIOMS Dictionary to gained themeaning of idiom.According to the data analysis, there were found 51 idioms in the movieand there are 3 strategies were applied by the translator. 4 idioms were translatedby using Translation by Using Idiom in Similar Meaning but Disimilar Form. 46idioms were translated by using Paraphrase. And 1 idiom was translated by usingOmission. 36 data were classified as the accurate translation, 3 as less-accuratetranslation, and 12 as inaccurate. This research concluded that the translation byusing idiom in similar meaning but disimilar form was the best strategy that usedby translator to translated the idioms.Key words:Accuracy, Idiom, Meaning, Translation Strategyii
DECLARATIONI sincerely declare that this thesis entitled, “An Analysis of TranslationStrategies Used in Translating Idiom from English into Indonesia in the PitchPerfect 3 Movie Subtitle” is trully my own work. This thesis contains no materialthat has been written by any person except some statements and ideas as thereferences from various sources and they are propperly acknowledged in thisthesis. Those some statements have been accompanied with the information aboutthe identity of the of the sources by following the thesis writing guidelines.Bandar Lampung, November 2019Declared by,Monicha Destariav
DEDICATIONI dedicated this final project to:1.My beloved parents Mr. Januar and Ms. Mimin Susmindarlis who alwayspray for me, love me, give the good advice, motivation, support, and be thegood example in daily life.2.My beloved grandfather and grandmother, Mr. Tisno Hadi and Ms. LelaHayati, thank you for always give the advice and a lot motivation to me.3.My younger sister Ulfianica Yudhistira and the youngest Willy AryaWhardana who also give support to me.4.My almamater UIN Raden Intan Lampung.vi
MOTTOٌ ار ﴾٩٢﴿ ب َ ِكتَابٌ أَن َز ْلنَاهُ إِلَ ْي َ َ ك ُمب ِ ك لِّيَ َّدبَّزُوا آيَاتِ ِو َولِيَتَ َذ َّك َز أُ ْولُوا ْالَ ْلبَا [This is] a blessed Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], thatthey might reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would bereminded.1(Letter: Shaad (38), Verse: vii
CURRICULUM VITAEMonicha Destaria was born in Gedongtataan, June 30th, 1996. Hernickname is Monik. She is the first daughter of Mr. Januar and Ms. MiminSusmindarlis.She began her study in 2002, she studied in an Elementary School inSukaraja, Gedongtataan. But, in 2003, she moved to SDN 3 Sukadadi (now SDN36 Gedongtataan) because her parents job and garduated in 2008. And then, shecontinued her study to the SMPN 1 Gedongtatan and graduated in 2011. In thesame year after graduated, she continued to SMA N 1 Gedongtataan andgraduated in 2014. After graduated from Senior High School, she continued herstudy at State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung (IAIN in 2014) as theEnglish Education Student.viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirst and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to themost merciful Allah SWT for the blessing leading to the completion of this thesis.The peace is upon for our prophet Muhammad SAW, as well as His family andfollowers.This thesis is presented to the English Education Study Program of StateIslamic University Raden Intan Lampung in order to submitted as compulsoryfulfillment of the requirements for S1 degree.The researcher would like sincerely thank to the following people for their ideas,times, guidances, and support for this thesis:1. Prof. Dr. Hj. Nirva Diana, M.Pd. The dean of Tarbiyah and TeacherTraining Faculty, State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung.1. Meisuri, M.Pd. The Chairperson of English Education Study Program ofState Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung.2. Iwan Kurniawan, M.Pd as the Advisor for giving the guidance and helpduring to finish this thesis.3. Yulan Puspita Rini, MA as the Co-Advisor for giving the guidance andhelp during to finish this thesis.4. Satria Adi Pradana, M.Pd as the Primary Examiner for giving the scoreand helping to revise the mistakes in this thesis.5. All the Lecturers in English Department of State Islamic University RadenIntan Lampung.ix
6. Her friends Lidia, Mareta, Mirayana, Intan, Neni, Hartini, Neneng, Ranty,Vita, Rohma, Putri, who always give support, motivation, help, and be thegood listeners for her.7. Her bestfriends „Sobat Ambyar‟ (Indah, Irma, Heni, Mei, Edi , Erick, Arif,Irfan, and Wildan who always give support and entertain her when shewas felt boring and tired.8. Her beloved friends in English Education Class E year 2014 for all thehappy and helpful things during the campus life and for all sweetmemories in 4 years we are together.9. Her High School bestfriends BELAGA who aalways make her comfortwith their jokes and give the advice to finish this thesis quickly.Finally, it has to be admitted that nobody is perfect and there are still manyweaknesses in this thesis. Therefore, the researcher hope that her work will beuseful for the readers who find this thesis. Your criticisms and suggestions arewanted to make the improvement of this thesis.Bandar Lampung, November 2019Declared by,Monicha Destariax
TABLE OF CONTENTSPageABSTRACT . iiAPPROVAL . iiiADMISSION. ivDECLARATION . vDEDICATION . viMOTTO . viiCURRICULLUM VITAE . viiiACKNOWLEDGEMENT . ixTABLE OF CONTENTS. xiLIST OF TABLES . xiiiLIST OF APPENDIXES . xivCHAPTER I INTRODUCTIONA. Background of Problem .B. Identification of the Problem .C. Limitation of the Problem .D. Research Question .E. Objective of the Study .F. Significance of the Research .E. Scope of the Research .1666778CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATUREA. Concept of Translation . 91. Definition of Translation. 92. TheProcess of Translation. 113. Kinds of Translation . 17B. Concept of Idiom . 191. Definition of Idiom . 192. The Idiom Constructions (Form) . 213. Difficulties in Translating Idiom . 214. Strategies in Translating Idiom . 23C. Concept of Movie . 271. Definition of Movie . 272. Pitch Perfect 3 Movie . 29D. Concept of Subtitle . 291. Definition of Subtitle . 292. Pitch Perfect 3 Movie Subtitle . 313. Accuracy in Translating Idiom . 32E. Frame of Thinking . 34xi
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGYA. Research Design .B. Research Instrument .C. Source of the Research .D. Technique of Data Collection .E. Technique of Data Analysis.F. Trustworthiness .363738383841CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONA. Finding . 44B. Translation Strategies Used in Translating Idioma . 47C. The Idioms Translation Accuration . 53D. Discussion . 61CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONA. Conclusion. 66B. Suggestion . 67REFERENCES . 68xii
LIST OF TABLEPageTable 1 Sample of Translation Strategies .39Table 2 Sample of translation strategy Accuracy Level .40Table 3 Sample of frequency of the translationstrategy accuration .41Table 4 The Frequency of Translation Strategies Used .45Table 5 The Frequency of Translation Accuracy .46Table 6 The Frequency of Translation Strategy UsedAnd the Accuration .46Table 7 Translation by Using Idiom in Similar Meaningbut Disimilar Form .47Table 8 Translation by Paraphrase .49Table 9 Translation by Omission .52Table 10 Translation by Using Idiom in Similar Meaning butDisimilar Form Accurate Translation .54Table 11 Translation by Paraphrase Accurate Translation.56Table 12 Translation by Paraphrase Less-accurate Translation .57Table 13 Translation by Paraphrase Inaccurate Translation .59Table 14 Translation by Omission Inaccurate Translation .61xiii
LIST OF APPENDIXPageAppendix 1 List of Idiom on Pitch Perfect 3Movie and Its Translation . 72Appendix 2 List of Translation Strategies andIts Accuration . 78xiv
CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONA. Background Of ProblemThere are many Languages in this universe. Every Country has their ownlanguage that is used by the people to communicate with each other. Tounderstand the message from each languange, we can used translation. Translationis a written medium and useful connection to communicate with other people indifferent language, culture and background. According to Newmark: “it isrendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that theauthor intended the text”. 1 It can be concluded that the definition of translationis transfering the meaning of the source language to target language. On the otherside, translation is used for making known what has been said or written in aforeign language. By transferring the meaning of the SL (English) to the TL(Indonesia), people who do not understand English or cannot speak English canstill catch the meaning of the SL by reading or hearing the translation in theirnative language.Translation is not an easy thing to do, as it can be difficult to establish itsequivalence, since there are some different systems and structures between sourcelanguage and target language. In translating a text, a translator should convey themessage of the source language and transfer it into the target language. Hatim and1Peter Newmark. a Textbook of Translation. (New York: Prentice Hall, 1988) p 5.
2Mason stated that “the translator, is both a receiver and a producer”.2 While, thetranslator‟s task is to read and to understand a written text (source text) and thento transfer the meaning to the TL in a written formTranslating the text, in this case a subtitle, also includes translating theidiom. Alwasilah stated that “idioms are series of words that are semanticallymeaning which they cannot be deduced from their constituent elements andsyntatically are fixed or irreversible. Construction of the idiom can be in the formof compound words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.3 It can be said that the wordsthat formed an idiom has its own meaning. The form of idiom is not only words,but also in phrases, clauses, or sentences.Idioms cannot be literaly translated as individual words. As stated byLarson, idiom is “string of words whose meaning is different from the meaningconveyed by the individual words”.4 This also supported by McCarthy andO‟Dell, which stated that, “idioms are fixed combinations of words whosemeaning is often difficult to guess from the meaning of each individual word”.5Idioms also cannot be translated without understanding the meaningbehind the expressions. Baker stated that the difficulties involved in translatingidioms are “ first, an idiom may have no equivalent in the TL. Second, an idiommay have a similar counterpart in the TL, but its context of use maybe different.2Basil Hatim and Ian Mason. The Translator as Communicator. (London and New York:Routledge. 1997) p 1.3Chaedar Alwasilah. Lingusitik Suatu Pengantar. (Bandung: Angkasa. 1983) p. 344Mildred Larson, Meaning Based Translation: A Guide to Cross Language Equivalent 2ndEdition, (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, Inc, 1998), p 23.5Michael McCarthy & Felicity O‟Dell. English Idioms in Use (Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress, 2010), p 6.
3Third, an idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomaticsenses at the same time. Unless the target language idiom corresponds to thesource language idiom both in form and in meaning, the play on idiom cannot besuccesfully reproduced in the target text. And the last, the very convention ofusing idioms in written discourse, the contexts in which they can be used, andtheir frequency of use may be different in the source and target language.”6 Thefollowing example will describe the problem that may arise in translating idiom.SL: No, it won‟t be any trouble. It‟s a piece of cake.TL: Tidak, itu bukan masalah. Itu sangat mudah.The italic phrase in the sentence above is an example of idioms. If it istranslated literaly into Bahasa Indonesia, it will be sepotong kue. Sepotong kue isnot the correct translation. According to the sentence context, the meaning of Apiece of cake is something easily achieved.7 The meaning of the source text willbe transferred fully when it is translated into sangat mudah. So, the translation inBahasa Indonesia is „Tidak, itu bukan masalah. Itu sangat mudah‟.Not all idioms can be translated into idioms in the target language. Idiomsare fixed words or expressions, which have particular forms and meanings. Whenwe translate idioms, we have to know the real meaning of the idioms in the sourcelanguage. It means that idioms in source language may not an idiom in the targetlanguage.6Mona Baker. In Other Words: A Course Book on Translation. (London & New York: Routledge,2006), p 68-70.7Oxford Dictionary of Idioms 2nd Edition (New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 2004) p 44
4Because there are several difficulties in translating idioms, the translatorswill need the translation strategies. Krings defined translation strategy as“translator‟s potentially concious plans for solving concrete translation problemsin the framework of a concrete translation task”.8 On the other side Atari definedthe explanation about translation strategy from Lörscher which stated thattranslation strategies “as procedures that the subjects employ in order to solvetranslation problems”.9 It can be conclude that the translation strategy is used tohelp the translators in translating idioms. Like Baker stated in her book “in orderto transfer the messages of idioms to be translated accurately and efficiently, thetranslator must choose the most appropriate strategy”.10This research choosed Pitch Perfect 3 movie subtitle as the object to beresearched. This movie is quite popular and can teach teenagers about a longlasting friendship. As teenagers movie, there are some idioms also found in thesubtitle of this movie. Based on the previous explanation stated that there aresome difficulties in translating idioms from the source language into targetlanguage, this research used the idioms translation from English subtitle intoIndonesian subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 movie.8Mahmoud Ordudari. Translation Journal: Translation procedures, strategies and methods. Linkdownload: r Atari. Saudi Students’ Translation Strategies in an Undergraduate Translator TrainingProgram. Meta, 50(1), (2205) p 185. URI: id.erudit.org/iderudit/010667ar10Mona Baker (2006), Op.cit., p 72
5This research is relevant to the previous researches. The first previousresearch is by Rubia.11 She is used translation strategies to translate idiom byBaker. She is also used the accuracy level of Nababan too. This research isdifference from her research research. While her research is used the Novel withthe title Little Women as the object of the research, this research used PitchPerfect 3 Movie. In determining the translation is accurate or not, she used backtranslation, this is different from this research because this research used themeaning of idiom from the dictionary.The second research is by Hanifah.12 This research also difference with herresearch. This previous research was conducted in UIN Raden Intan Lampung andused the students of the fifth semester as the object analysis. Her research also didnot used translation strategies by Baker, but she used the translation procedure byNewmark.The third research is Mg. M. Frennandy Ngestiningtyas13. He used novelLaskar Pelangi (Rainbow Troops) by Andrea Hirata both in Bahasa or in itsEnglish version. His research also different from this research. It is because hisresearch analise idioms translation from Indonesia into English. He is also did notanalise the idioms translation are accurate or not.11Kaesalpinia Rubia. An Analysis of Idioms Translation in Little Women Novel. (Politeknik NegeriBandung, 2017).12Azizah Khusnul Hanifah. An Analysis of the Equivalence of Students’ English Idiom inTranslation into Bahasa Indonesia of the Fifth Semester of English Education Study Program atthe Raden Intan State University Islamic Lampung in the Academic Year of 2016/2017 (UINRaden Intan Lampung, 2018).13Mg. M. Frennandy Ngestiningtyas. An Analysis On Idiom Translation Strategies In TheRainbow Troops (Stya Wacana Christian University Salatiga, 2013).
6B. Identification of the ProblemBased on the background above. The researcher identified the problem asfollows:1. The idioms cannot be translated literaly by individual words or word-forword.2. An idiom may have no equivalent in the target language.3. An idiom may have a similar counterpart in the target lnguage, but itscontext of use maybe different.4. The frequency of use of idioms may be different in the source and targetlanguages.C. Limitation of the ProblemThis Research focused on the analysis translation strategies that are used totranslate English idioms to Bahasa Indonesia in Subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 Movie.And this research limitted the analysis just on the words, phrases, and clausesidiom forms.D. Research QuestionsThe research questions were formulated follows:1. What are the strategies used in translating idiom from English subtitle intoIndonesian subtitle in Pitch Perfect 3 movie?2. Is the meaning of idioms in the English subtitle conveyed correctly in theIndonesian subtitle?
73. What is the best strategy to be used in translating idioms from Englishsubtitle into Indonesian subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 movie?E. Objective of the Study1. To find the strategies used in translating idiom from English subtitle intoIndonesian subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 movie.2. To identify if the meaning of idioms in the English subtitle is conveyedcorrectly in the Indonesia subtitle.3. To show the best strategy to be used in translating idioms from Englishsubtitle into Indonesian subtitle of Pitch Perfect 3 movie.F. Significance of the Research1. TheoreticallyThis result of this research is hoped to help readers to understand idioms,strategies that can be used to translating them, and the accuracy of itstranslation. And it will be used to be an example of translation strategyand translation accuracy analysis.2. Practicallya. Teacher:This research can help teachers when their want to use the script ormovie as the media in teaching-learning process. It is because thereare some English idioms that have been used by people in their dailyactivity. Such as greeting, asking someone something, or etc. Forexample idiom what’s up that was to said hello, according to the
8syllabus, this idiom can be used in teaching learning process ingreeting section.b. Students:This research practically can motivate all students in EnglishEducation Departement to analyze the other aspects of movies orbooks that were appropriate to used in teaching learning process asfurther research.G. Scope of the Research1. The Subject of the Research:The subject of the research was English and Indonesian subtitle of PitchPerfect 3 movie.2. The Object of the Research:The object of the research was the translation strategies used to translateidioms.3. Place of the Research:This research was conducted in UIN Raden Intan Lampung.4. Time of the Research.This research was conducted from May until November 2019.
CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF LITERATUREA. Concept of TranslationTranslation is an easier way that can help people to understand themeaning of the foreign language message by their own language. Translation isnot easy thing to do, because it needs skills and high accuration. It is supported byBassnett who stated that “Translation has been perceived as a secondary activity,as a „mechanical‟ rather than a „creative‟ process, within the competence ofanyone with a basic grounding in a language other than their own; in short, as alow status occupation”.1 The further explanitions about translation is shownbelow.1. Definition of TranslationBasically, translation is a process to change the words from a language toanother language. It is supported by several experts, because each experts hadtheir own words to describe what translation is. According to Hatim and Mundaytranslation is “1) the act or an instance of translating. 2) a written or spokenexpression of the meaning of a word, speech, book, etc. in another language”.2From the definition, Hatim and Munday related translation as the process andproduct. The first definition is relates to the role of the translator turning the1Susan Bassnett. Translation Studies 3rd edition. (Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005), p 13.Basil Hatim and Jeremy Munday. Translation An advanced resource book. (Taylor & Francis eLibrary, 2004), p 329
10source language into the target language. While, the second definition is focusingon the products produced by the translators.Translation also can be defines as the way to transferring a message withanother language. it is Equivalent with the explanation by Dubois. Dubois in Bellstated that “Translation is the expression in another language (or target language)of what has been cxprcsscd in another, source language, preserving semantic andstylistic equivalences”.3 It is almost the same as Catford definition. He defined thetranslation as “an operation performed on language: a process of substituting atext in one language for a text in another”.4The other definition is stated by Larson, he stated that, “translation is aprocess that consists of transferring the meaning of the source language into thereceptor language. This is done by going from the form of the first language to theform of a second language by way of semantic structure. It is meaning which isbeing transferred and must be held constant”.5 This definition is also supported byCatford which said that “translation is the replacement of textual material in onelanguage (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language”. 6 From thosetwo definitions it can be seen that, both Larson and Catford, the way of translationis without changing the content.3Roger T. Bell Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice 2ed. (London: Longman, 1993),p 5.4John C. Catford. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. (London: Oxford University Press, 1965), p1.5Mildred Larson (1998), Op.cit., p 3.6John F. Catford (1965), Op.cit., p 20.
11The definition of translation is different according to the experts. But,from the definitions above, we can conclude that translation involves two differentlanguage. In this case they are Source Language and Target language.Furthermore, translation is a process or way to transfer the message from thesource language into the target language by pay attention to the equivalencemeaning in the target language.2. The process of TranslationThe process of translation is also can called as the translation activity.Translation process is used by translators as a guidance in translatinglanguage/text. Bell, stated that, “the abstract concept which encompasses bothprocess of translating and the product of that process”.7 It means, the process oftranslation is process that producing a product of translation.The other definition from Nababan about the process of translation is asystem of activity in the activities of translation. For more detail, Nababan alsodefined the process of translation is the series of activity that is done by thetranslators when they are conveying the message from the source language to thetarget language.8The process of translation also stated by Newmark. In his book, Newmarkclassified two processing ways. The first is by choosing the m
classify the idiom. To determine which idioms were translated accurate, less-accurate, or inaccurate, this research used IDIOMS Dictionary to gained the meaning of idiom. According to the data analysis, there were found 51 idioms in the movie and there are 3 strategies were applied by the translator. 4 idioms were translated
The importance of Translation theory in translation Many theorists' views have been put forward, towards the importance of Translation theory in translation process. Translation theory does not give a direct solution to the translator; instead, it shows the roadmap of translation process. Theoretical recommendations are, always,
translation, idiomatic translation and communicative translation. From 116 data of passive voice in I Am Number Four novel, there is 1 or 0.9% datum belongs to word-for-word translation, there are 46 or 39.6% data belong to literal translation, there is 1 or 0.9% datum belongs to faithful translation, there are 6 or
Accepted translation 74 Constraints on literal translation 75 Natural translation 75 Re-creative translation 76 Literary translation 77 The sub-text 77 The notion of theKno-equivalent1 word - 78 The role of context 80 8 The Other Translation Procedures 81 Transference 81 Naturalisation 82 Cultural equivalent 82 Functional equivalent 83
omission (0.8%); and literal translation (10,8%).The translator uses various translation strategies to translate idiomatic expressions in this novel in order to give acceptable translation from the source language text into the target language text. Based on the result of each strategy, the translation strategies by paraphrase
** Department of English, Maulana Azad National Urdu University – MANUU, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India Abstract: Translation is a multifaceted process—linguistic, cultural, continuous and contradictory. Any language benefits from translation activity. Urdu also enriched itself with translation. Every translation is a part of literature, which is a translation in itself. Translation of .
Introducing Translation Studies ‘Introducing Translation Studies is among the few very best textbooks on translation studies that brings together translation theory and practice. In the book, Munday has done a superb job in presenting the myriad of up-to-date translation theories in a File Size: 1MB
Therefore the translation of Arabic Quran in any other language is usually an explanatory translation. Imam Ahl-e-Sunnat Shah Ahmed Raza Khan's Urdu translation knowd as Kanz-ul-Eeman is an explanatory translation. This explanatory translation of Urdu was completed in the beginning of 20th Century i.e. 1910.
neural machine translation (NMT) paradigm. To this end, an experiment was carried out to examine the differences between post-editing Google neural machine translation (GNMT) and from-scratch translation of English domain-specific and general language texts to Chinese. We analysed translation process and translation product data from 30 first-year
