Information Centric Networking And Internet Of Things
Information CentricNetworking and Internetof ThingsSridhar
AgendaHost centric networking vs Information Centric NetworkingWhy ICN with IoTDesign ChallengesNamingCachingRoutingSecurity .
What is the talk all about
Evolution of IoT: Legacy IoTsystemsSilo IoT Architecture: (Fragmented, Proprietary), e.g. DF-1, MelsecNet,Honeywell SDS, BACnet, etc.A small set of pre-designated applications.Moving towards Internet based service connectivity (ETSI, One M2MStandards).
Evolution of IoT: State of the artInternet Overlay Based Unified IoT Solutions, inter-connecting multiplepublishers and consumersCoupled control/data functionsCentralized and limits innovation
Limitations with host-centricnetworksCaching possible only in a few nodes near server/clienteven that is not possible if SSL is usedGuarantees are only host based - not content based.Easier for applications to discover and use data.No inherent support for mobility
Data matters, not the supplierTo get sensorinformation:Send a request toa.b.c.d/8 (holder ofinformation)vsGet location/sensor data
Information Centric NetworkingWhat if networking takes place based on content instead of hosts?Content can be collected from the network, processed in the network, and storedin the networkGoal is to provide a network infrastructure capable of providing services bettersuited to today’s application requirements:content distribution & mobilitymore resilience to disruption and failures
ICN StackChange of network abstraction from “named host” to “named content”Security built-in: secures content and not the hostsMobility is present by design
ICN Platform for IoT
Dissemination networkingData is requested by name.Anything which has valid information can respond.Data is secured, but not necessarily the communication channelsREQ http://nytimes.com/today -- -- RESP 0/index.htmlNameId, DataId html . /html
CommunicationUser communicates intent to the network so that the network can do more onbehalf of the userNetwork transactions in the form of content and not conversations. So, popularcontent won’t congest network
Flash Crowd Effect due to contentpopularity
Scalable Cache based contentdistribution
Evolution of NetworkingTraditional networkingHost-centric communications addressing end-pointsInformation-centric networkingData-centric communications addressing information (e.g., data in context).Decoupling in space – neither sender nor receiver need to know their partner.Decoupling in time – “answer” not necessarily directly triggered by “question”, asynchronouscommunication.
ICN Communication model
Why ICN in IoT?Ability to name data independently from the location in which it is stored.Distributed CachingDecoupling sender and receiver - Disconnected modes of operationReduce bandwidth consumptionMobilityAuthentication and verification of content
Design Challenges of IoT over ICNNaming and Name resolutionCaching/StorageRouting and ForwardingContextual CommunicationIn-network computingSecurity and Privacy
Naming and Name resolutionNaming in a smart home
Naming and Name resolutionRequest for objects contain name of the objectName can be resolved to some kind of locator where object is found(2-step)The request can be forwarded by nameHierarchical namesStructured Flat namesUnstructured Flat names
Naming and Name resolutionNaming of devices - Why is it needed?Size of the data/name - Is the size of the name larger than data?Should the names be human readable or can it include cryptographic parts?How to solve scalability issues?Establishing trustFlexibility - Dynamic publishingLatency
Naming requirements in commonIoT applicationsSmart Homes Local and wide area interactionsSecurity and privacySmart Grid Real-time ControlSecuritySmart TransportationExtreme mobility
Distributed CachingWhen is caching useful?Which nodes should cache data?What to cache?Context sensitivity
Network Coding
Network Coding
Routing and ForwardingDirect Name based routing - Packets forwarded by name of the dataIndirect routing - Packets forwarded based on locator of destination nodeobtained by name resolutionDHT StyleDNS StyleCost of mobility - Static vs Dynamic binding
Other IssuesSecurity Considerations - Object SecurityWhat about man in the middle attacks?Receiving trusted content from multiple cachesEnabling application layer processing in untrusted intermediariesEnergy efficiency of cryptographic mechanisms
Information-centric networking Data-centric communications addressing information (e.g., data in context). Decoupling in space - neither sender nor receiver need to know their partner. Decoupling in time - "answer" not necessarily directly triggered by "question", asynchronous
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) architectures [4, 5, 41] have been proposed to improve the quality of information perceived by consumers compared to the current IP Internet. The Named Data Networking (NDN) [25] and the Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) [9] architectures advocate the use of what has been called a "stateful forwarding .
"A survey of Information-entric Networking", IEEE Communications Magazine, 2012 - G. Carofiglio et al. "From content delivery today to information centric networking", omputer Networks, 2013, in press - G. Xylomenos et al (G. Polyzos), "A survey of information-centric networking research", IEEE ommunications Surveys and Tutorials,
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) research direction raised by Van Jacobson. ICN represents a general trend of future Internet architecture that evolves from the today's host centric, end-to-end, IP focused architecture to a content centric and distributed one. CCN and Named Date Networking(NDN) [24] are the typical instances of the broad
Content-based networking, publish/subscribe, information-centric networking, content-centric networking, named-data networking Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies
Information-centric Networking (ICN) [2] has been recently proposed for this purpose and is inspiring the design of the future Internet architecture. Unlike the IP address-centric networking of the current Internet, in ICN every piece of content has a unique, persistent, location-independent name, which is directly used
This information asymmetry often leads to a suboptimal system operation. Information-centric Networking (ICN) postulates a fundamental paradigm shift away from a host-centric model towards an information-centric one. ICN focuses on information item discovery and transmission and not on the connection of end-points that exchange data.
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III. CONTENT-CENTRIC Figure 2.NETWORKING A. Introduction to CCN Content-centric networking is a future Internet architecture, which founding principle is that Internet should allow users to get data by the data's name, instead of the data's physical location. Just like TCP/IP, CCN network stack is a thin-waist model, too. However, the thin .
