A (Brief) History of AmericanJournalismOctober 13, 2017J201Introduction to Mass Communication – Prof. Hernando RojasProf. Kathryn McGarrkmcgarr@wisc.edu
Eras in American Journalism1. Religious and Colonial Press, 1630s-1760s2. Party Press, 1760s-1860s3. Commercial Press, 1830s-1900s**Dominant by 1870s4. Professionalized Media, 1900s-present
The Boston News-Letter: First successful Americannewspaper Founded by the Bostonpostmaster, JohnCampbell, in 1704 Published with a licensefrom the Crown
Characteristics of the ColonialPress, 1700s-1760s: Small (in number, content,and circulation) Apolitical Content aggregators A side business forpublishersA hand press
Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790
Partisanship in the Early Republic
Total U.S. Weekly NewspapersTotal U.S. Daily Newspapers300225150750176017901800Growth of U.S. Newspapers,1760-1800
“Were it left to me to decide whether weshould have a government withoutnewspapers or newspapers without agovernment, I should not hesitate a momentto prefer the latter.”– Thomas Jefferson, 1787
Four types of changes in Americansociety enable rise of masscirculation, commercial press bythe 1830s: Technological Cultural Social Political/Economic
The Sun Founded in New York Cityby Benjamin Day in 1833“The object of this paper isto lay before the public, at aprice within the means ofevery one, ALL THE NEWS OFTHE DAY, and at the same timeafford an advantageousmedium for advertising.”
Total U.S. Weekly NewspapersTotal U.S. Daily h of U.S. Newspapers,1760-1840
Two Models of Commercial Newsby the 1890s: News as Entertainment Sensational stories, exemplified by the New YorkWorld News as Information Straightforward information, exemplified by the NewYork Times
Joseph Pulitzer1847-1911
Adolph Ochs,1858-1935
Table From Christopher B. Daly, Covering America, p. 141
John H. Murphy, Sr.1840-1922
20th and 21st Century Trends: Professionalization (1900s-present) Advent of Journalism Schools Ideal of objectivity
20th and 21st Century Trends: Professionalization (1900s-present) Advent of Journalism Schools Ideal of objectivity Expansion of National Media (1920s-present) Magazines Radio Television Internet
First issue of Time,March 3, 1923
Edward R. Murrow, 1908-1965President Franklin D.Roosevelt, 1882-1945
Clip from the Camel News Caravan onNBC News, September 19, 1952
% U.S. Households with TVs1007590 percent in 196250259 percent in 195001950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978% of American Homes with TVs1950-1978
Top Two Television News Programs of the 1960sCBS Evening News withWalter Cronkite (1962-1981)NBC’s Huntley-Brinkley Report (1956-1970),with Chet Huntley and David Brinkley
Ted Turner, 1938-
Total estimated circulation for U.S. dailynewspapersTotal circulation for U.S. daily newspapers75.0 M50.0 M25.0 M019401950Weekday1960Sunday197019801990Weekday (estimated)Pew Research Center20002010Sunday (estimated)
Online Newsin the 1990s
Journalism October 13, 2017. Eras in American Journalism 1. Religious and Colonial Press, 1630s-1760s 2. Party Press, 1760s-1860s 3. Commercial Press, 1830s-1900s* *Dominant by 1870s 4. Professionalized Media, 1900s-present. The Boston News-Letter: First successful American newspaper
The Project Brief can take two forms: A letter Brief may be used for projects less than 100,000 (total cost including GST and fees). Full Brief utilising a project specific brief with this Basic Brief. The Project Brief in its dra
220405 US History: IB History of the Americas I 220406 US History: Gifted and Talented 220409 US History: Honors 220614 NOCCA Integrated World History IV 220407 US History: DE CHIS 2013 American History I 220408 US History: DE CHIS 2023 American History II LASMSA courses 1 unit 220501 Civics 1 year 220502 Government
American The new courses may be substituted. At least one of: American History I, American Social Studies additional Social Studies course.*** History II, American History or AP US History and For students who begin high school in 2020-2021: World History, American History, Founding Principles of the United States and North
Center for Substance buse Treatment . Brief Interventions and Brief Therapies for Substance buse . Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series . 34 . Brief Interventions and Brief Therapies. For Substance . Abuse. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series . 34. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration . 1 Choke Cherry Road .
akuntansi musyarakah (sak no 106) Ayat tentang Musyarakah (Q.S. 39; 29) لًََّز ãَ åِاَ óِ îَخظَْ ó Þَْ ë Þٍجُزَِ ß ا äًَّ àَط لًَّجُرَ íَ åَ îظُِ Ûاَش
Collectively make tawbah to Allāh S so that you may acquire falāḥ [of this world and the Hereafter]. (24:31) The one who repents also becomes the beloved of Allāh S, Âَْ Èِﺑاﻮَّﺘﻟاَّﺐُّ ßُِ çﻪَّٰﻠﻟانَّاِ Verily, Allāh S loves those who are most repenting. (2:22
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Business History Review 85 (Autumn . A Brief Postwar History of U.S. Consumer Finance In this brief history of U.S. consumer fi nance since World War II, the sector is defi ned based on the functions delivered by fi rms in the form of payments, savings and investing, bor- . [ATM] transactions), credit