National Science Foundation FY 2022 Budget Request To Congress - NSF
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONFY 2022 Budget Request to CongressMay 28, 2021
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FY 2022 Budget Request to CongressNOTESTable and Figure NotesNumbers in the tables and figures may not add up to totals because of rounding.Common Acronyms Used in NSF’s Budget SubmissionAppropriation Accounts AOAM - Agency Operations and Award Management EHR - Education and Human Resources MREFC - Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction NSB – Office of the National Science Board OIG - Office of Inspector General R&RA - Research and Related ActivitiesDirectorates and offices BFA - Office of Budget, Finance, and Award Management BIO - Directorate for Biological Sciences CISE - Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering ENG - Directorate for Engineering EHR - Directorate for Education and Human Resources GEO - Directorate for Geosciences MPS - Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences SBE - Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences TIP - Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships OIRM - Office of Information and Resource Management OISE - Office of International Science and Engineering OPP - Office of Polar Programs OIA - Office of Integrative Activities [organizational unit] IA - Integrative Activities [budget activity]NSF Big IdeasConvergence Accelerator CA - NSF Convergence AcceleratorResearch Big Ideas HDR - Harnessing the Data Revolution for 21st-Century Science and Engineering FW-HTF - The Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier NNA - Navigating the New Arctic QL - The Quantum Leap: Leading the Next Quantum Revolution URoL - Understanding the Rules of Life: Predicting Phenotype WoU - Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi-messenger AstrophysicsEnabling Big Ideas GCR - Growing Convergence Research at NSF Mid-scale RI - Mid-scale Research Infrastructure NSF INCLUDES - Inclusion across the Nation of Communities of Learners of UnderrepresentedDiscoverers in Engineering and Scienceiii
Notes PageNSF-Wide Investments GRFP - Graduate Research Fellowship Program INFEWS - Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems IUSE - Improving Undergraduate STEM Education I-Corps - NSF Innovation Corps NRT - NSF Research Traineeship SaTC - Secure and Trustworthy Cyberspace UtB - Understanding the Brain BRAIN Initiative - Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN)InitiativeNational Science and Technology Council Crosscuts: NITRD - Networking and Information Technology Research and Development NNI - National Nanotechnology Initiative USGCRP - U.S. Global Change Research Program QIS - Quantum Information ScienceOther Frequently Used Acronyms STEM - science, technology, engineering, and mathematics R&D - research and development O&M - operations and maintenance AI - artificial intelligenceiv
NSF FY 2022 BUDGET REQUEST TO CONGRESSTABLE OF CONTENTSOVERVIEW . Overview - 1SUMMARY TABLES . Summary Tables - 1Total NSF FundingNSF Summary Table. Summary Tables - 3NSF Funding Profile . Summary Tables - 4Number of People Involved in NSF Activities . Summary Tables - 5NSF Budget Requests and Appropriations by Account:FY 2000-FY 2022 . Summary Tables - 7Major NSF-Wide InvestmentsNSF Administration Priorities Summary . Summary Tables - 9NSF NSTC Crosscuts Summary . Summary Tables - 11NSF Big Ideas Funding. Summary Tables - 13NSF Selected Cross-cutting Programs . Summary Tables - 14NSF Programs to Broaden Participation . Summary Tables - 15STEM Education InvestmentsNSF Education and Human Resources Funding by Division and Program. Summary Tables - 18CoSTEM Inventory and Postdoctoral Fellowship Programsby Level of Education . Summary Tables - 19Research InfrastructureNSF Research Infrastructure Funding by Account and Activity . Summary Tables - 20NSF Research Infrastructure Summary . Summary Tables - 21NSF AUTHORIZATIONS . Authorizations - 1NSF Current Authorizations . Authorizations - 3Computer Science Education Research Report in Compliancewith Public Law 114-329 . Authorizations - 9EPSCoR Report in Compliance with Public Law 114-329 . Authorizations - 12NSF-WIDE INVESTMENTS . NSF-Wide Investments - 1Administration PrioritiesClimate: U.S. Global Change Research Program . NSF-Wide Investments - 3Climate: Clean Energy Technology . NSF-Wide Investments - 6Economy: Advanced Manufacturing . NSF-Wide Investments - 9Economy: Advanced Wireless . NSF-Wide Investments - 12Economy: Artificial Intelligence. NSF-Wide Investments - 14Economy: Biotechnology. NSF-Wide Investments - 18Economy: National Nanotechnology Initiative. NSF-Wide Investments - 21Economy: Networking and Information Technology R&D. NSF-Wide Investments - 27Economy: Quantum Information Sciences . NSF-Wide Investments - 32v
NSF Research Big IdeasHarnessing the Data Revolution for 21st-Century Science andEngineering . NSF-Wide Investments - 35The Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier . NSF-Wide Investments - 37Navigating the New Arctic . NSF-Wide Investments - 40Understanding the Rules of Life . NSF-Wide Investments - 43Windows on the Universe . NSF-Wide Investments - 45NSF Enabling Big IdeasGrowing Convergence Research. NSF-Wide Investments - 47Inclusion across the Nation of Communities of Learners ofUnderrepresented Discoverers in Engineering and Science . NSF-Wide Investments - 49Mid-scale Research Infrastructure . NSF-Wide Investments - 52Ongoing Major FY 2022 InvestmentsNSF Innovation Corps . NSF-Wide Investments - 55NSF Centers . NSF-Wide Investments - 57Secure and Trustworthy Cyberspace. NSF-Wide Investments - 67Selected Crosscutting Programs . NSF-Wide Investments - 70Spectrum Innovation Initiative . NSF-Wide Investments - 73STEM Education and WorkforceImproving Undergraduate STEM Education . NSF-Wide Investments - 75Major Investments in Science, Technology, Engineering,and Mathematics (STEM) Graduate Studentsand Graduate Education . NSF-Wide Investments - 77RESEARCH AND RELATED ACTIVITIES . R&RA - 1Biological Sciences . BIO - 1Molecular and Cellular Biosciences . BIO - 7Integrative Organismal Systems . BIO - 8Environmental Biology . BIO - 9Biological Infrastructure . BIO - 10Emerging Frontiers . BIO - 11Computer and Information Science and Engineering . CISE - 1Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure. CISE - 7Computing and Communication Foundations . CISE - 8Computer and Network Systems . CISE - 9Information and Intelligent Systems . CISE - 10Information Technology Research . CISE - 11Appendix A: Advanced Computing Systems and Services Portfolio . CISE - 12Engineering . ENG - 1Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems . ENG - 7Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation . ENG - 8Electrical, Communications, and Cyber Systems . ENG - 9Engineering Education and Centers . ENG - 10Emerging Frontiers and Multidisciplinary Activities . ENG - 12vi
Geosciences. GEO - 1Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences. GEO - 5Earth Sciences . GEO - 7Integrative and Collaborative Education and Research . GEO - 9Ocean Sciences . GEO - 10Mathematical and Physical Sciences . MPS - 1Astronomical Sciences . MPS - 8Chemistry . MPS - 10Materials Research . MPS - 11Mathematical Sciences. MPS - 12Physics . MPS - 13Office of Multidisciplinary Activities . MPS - 14Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences . SBE - 1Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences. SBE - 7Social and Economic Sciences. SBE - 8National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics .SBE - 9SBE Office of Multidisciplinary Activities . SBE - 11Technology, Innovation and Partnerships . TIP - 1Innovation Ecosystems . TIP - 5Partnerships Office. TIP - 6Technology Frontiers . TIP - 7Translational Impact . TIP - 8Office of International Science and Engineering . OISE - 1Office of Polar Programs . OPP - 1Integrative Activities . IA - 1Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) . IA - 5U.S. Arctic Research Commission . USARC - 1EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES . EHR - 1Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings . EHR - 7Undergraduate Education . EHR - 9Human Resource Development . EHR - 11Graduate Education . EHR - 13H-1B Nonimmigrant Petitioner Fees . EHR - 15MAJOR RESEARCH EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES CONSTRUCTION . MREFC - 1MREFC Overview . MREFC - 3Antarctic Infrastructure Recapitalization. MREFC - 8Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope . MREFC - 14High Luminosity - Large Hadron Collider Upgrade . MREFC - 22Mid-scale Research Infrastructure Track 2 . MREFC - 31Regional Class Research Vessels . MREFC - 35Vera C. Rubin Observatory . MREFC - 41vii
ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE . Organizational Excellence - 1Human Capital . Human Capital - 1Travel. Travel - 1Information Technology . Information Technology – 1Administrative Support . Administrative Support – 1Office of Inspector General . OIG - 1Office of the National Science Board . NSB - 1MAJOR FACILITIES . Facilities - 1Major Facilities Overview . Facilities - 3Major FacilitiesAcademic Research Fleet (ARF) . Facilities - 7Antarctic Facilities and Operations (AFO) . Facilities - 11Arecibo Observatory (AO) . Facilities - 15Geodetic Facility for the Advancement of GEoscience (GAGE) . Facilities - 20IceCube Neutrino Observatory (ICNO) . Facilities - 25International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) . Facilities - 29Large Hadron Collider (LHC) . Facilities - 33Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) . Facilities - 37National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) . Facilities - 41National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) . Facilities - 45Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) . Facilities - 50Seismological Facility for the Advancement of GEoscience (SAGE). Facilities - 55Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs)Green Bank Observatory (GBO) . Facilities - 60National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) . Facilities - 64National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). Facilities - 69National Solar Observatory (NSO) . Facilities - 74NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab) . Facilities - 78Other Facilities Funding . Facilities - 85PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT . Performance & Management - 1NSF Performance Framework . Performance & Management - 3FY 2020 Strategic Objective Progress Updates . Performance & Management - 4FY 2020 Annual Performance Report and FY 2022 AnnualPerformance Plan . Performance & Management - 9FY 2020 Management Challenge Progress Report . Performance & Management - 27GAO-IG Act Exhibits . Performance & Management - 50Program Evaluation and Monitoring Information . Performance & Management - 68Other Information . Performance & Management - 77viii
TECHNICAL INFORMATION . Technical Info - 1FY 2022 NSF Appropriations Language .Technical Info - 3Summary of FY 2022 NSF Budgetary Resources by Account .Technical Info - 5NSF FY 2022 Funding by Program.Technical Info - 8NSF by Object Classification .Technical Info - 12NSF Reimbursable Activity .Technical Info - 13Explanation of FY 2020 Carryover into FY 2021 by Account .Technical Info - 14QUANTITATIVE DATA TABLES . QDT - 1ix
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NSF FY 2022 Budget Request to CongressThe National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (Public Law 81-507) sets forth ourmission: “To promote the progress of science; to advance the national health,prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense.”NSF is unique in carrying out its mission by supporting research across allfields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and all levels ofSTEM education. NSF investments are critical to the economic and nationalsecurity interests of the nation and development of a future-focused scienceand engineering workforce that draws on the talents of all Americans.Last year, NSF celebrated its 70th anniversary. Over the past seven decades,NSF has funded research and researchers, innovations and innovators, and world-class infrastructure thathave garnered incredible benefits to the nation. The Internet, Google, Qualcomm, 3D printing, the economictheory underpinning spectrum auctioning and kidney exchanges, and even the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) testing technique that has been critical in the fight against COVID-19 are all examples of theoutcomes and benefits of NSF investments. Many of the technologies and industries that are the focus ofnational conversations around competitiveness today, including artificial intelligence, quantum informationscience, advanced manufacturing, advanced wireless, and biotechnology, to name a few, are rooted insustained NSF support for research at the frontiers of science and engineering.As NSF looks to the future, the agency’s capacity to continue to produce breakthroughs, to innovate, toidentify the industries that we cannot even imagine today, to accelerate the translation of research results topractice, and to cultivate the diverse workforce needed to power our country forward, all must bestrengthened at speed and scale. NSF has the know-how and energy to create a brighter future for our Nationand is guided by the Director’s vision expressed in three pillars that point to opportunities that we mustseize:1. Advancing the frontiers of research into the future2. Ensuring accessibility and inclusivity3. Securing global leadership in science and technologyThese pillars support the Administration’s priorities for the FY 2022 request to Congress to enhancefundamental research and development, improve equity in science and engineering, advance climatescience and sustainability research, continue construction of forefront research infrastructure. Thesepriorities, expanded on below, dovetail precisely with the Director’s pillars and are addressed by NSFinvestments at all potential funding levels, appearing repeatedly in the broad portfolio of fundamentalresearch that is the heart of NSF’s mission. They animate new and expanded efforts and they connectexisting efforts throughout the portfolio of research programs.Enhances Fundamental Research and DevelopmentThe FY 2022 request to Congress provides 9.43 billion, an increase of 1.55 billion above the FY 2021enacted level, to support research across the spectrum of science, engineering and technology, includingbiological sciences; computer and information sciences; engineering; geosciences; math and physicalsciences; social, behavioral, and economic sciences; and education. With this additional funding, NSF willcontinue to be the champion of basic and fundamental research and will strengthen it at speed and scale.Overview - 1
OverviewStrengthens U.S. Leadership in Emerging TechnologiesWe are currently facing a defining moment for the Nation. Global competition for leadership and talent inscience, engineering and technology is at an all-time high, inspiring and motivating us to accelerate ourprogress to be in the vanguard of discovery and innovation. For the United States to remain a global leader,we must recommit to investing in breakthrough technologies and innovation, fostering partnerships, andnurturing talent, thereby encouraging the innovative spirit that has been the source of our leadership overthe past seven decades.On March 31, the Administration released the American Jobs Plan, which will create millions of good jobs,rebuild our country’s infrastructure, and position the United States for the future. As part of that proposal,the Administration proposes investing 50 billion over eight years in a new directorate for technology atNSF that will collaborate with and build on existing programs across the government. This directorate willclosely collaborate with all of NSF’s other directorates and offices, as well as with other stakeholders in theNation’s research, innovation, and education enterprise, to advance science and engineering research andinnovation leading to breakthrough technologies as well as solutions to national and societal challenges,sustaining and enhancing U.S. competitiveness on a global stage; accelerate the translation of fundamentaldiscoveries from lab to market, advancing the U.S. economy; and create education pathways for everyAmerican to pursue new, high-wage jobs, supporting a diverse workforce of researchers, practitioners, andentrepreneurs.The creation of this new Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (TIP) will allow theagency to continue to support innovation across all disciplines of science and engineering, at the speed thatis required in today’s rapidly changing landscape.Advances Equity in Science and EngineeringThe FY 2022 Request to Congress seeks 100 million, roughly a 50 percent increase, in funding forprograms that aim to increase participation in science and engineering of individuals from racial and ethnicgroups underrepresented in these fields. Funding will support curriculum design, research on successfulrecruitment and retention methods, development of outreach or mentorship programs, fellowships, andbuilding science and engineering research and education capacity at HBCUs and other minority-servinginstitutions. Additionally, through the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR),funded separately, NSF looks to enhance research competitiveness of targeted jurisdictions (states,territories, commonwealth) by strengthening STEM capacity and capability. These STEM-relatedopportunities are building capacity and infrastructure across the nation, seeding and nurturing innovationclusters with stronger economic outcomes and good quality jobs.NSF is investing in education research across all levels of learning—from preK-12 through graduateeducation and beyond—which then informs education and training programs to better develop skill sets incutting-edge technologies, promote highly collaborative team science, and foster greater diversity in theworkforce. NSF will continue to invest robustly across its suite of broadening participation programs. Indoing so, NSF will work tirelessly to ensure that there are no barriers to equal opportunity at NSF or in thedelivery of its programs. These investments will be central to our ability to achieve those goals.Advances Climate Science and Sustainability ResearchThe FY 2022 Request to Congress provides 1.20 billion for climate and clean energy-related research.NSF will fund a broad portfolio of research related to climate science and clean energy, including researchon atmospheric composition, water and carbon cycles, computational modeling of climate systems,renewable energy technologies, materials sciences, and social, behavioral, and economic research on humanresponses to climate change.NSF’s investments in basic research, including funding and efforts supported in the Administration’sOverview - 2
FY 2022 Budget Request to CongressFY 2022 discretionary request, impact nearly every aspect of America’s clean energy future—fromfundamental physics, chemistry, and materials science to data and computation including artificialintelligence, to large-scale systems engineering and cyber-infrastructure. NSF’s clean energy investmentssupport innovative interdisciplinary basic and translational research and education that may broadlycontribute to future sustainability, such as the conversion, storage, an
fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and all levels of STEM education. NSF investments are critical to the economic and national security interests of the nation and development of a future-focused science and engineering workforce that draws on the talents of all Americans.
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