Expression Of University Strengths - K-State

Addressing the Antimicrobial Resistance ChallengeBackgroundIn July 2018, Iowa State University was competitively selectedby two national organizations, the Association of Publicand Land-grant Universities (APLU) and the Associationof American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) to bethat hub and host the National Institute of AntimicrobialResistance Research and Education (NIAMRRE). NIAMRREprovides local, national and international leadership incombating antimicrobial resistance and drives collaborativeand integrative research, education, and engagement to solveantimicrobial resistance challenges.Antibiotics have been transformational medicines inhuman and animal health. There are currently over 200,000concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in the U.S.Individual livestock CAFOs can have more than 1,000 headof cattle, while a single poultry CAFO can have in excess of100,000 birds. This density, and the associated economies ofscale, have dramatically lowered food prices and made theU.S. a major food exporter around the world. It is only possiblebecause of antibiotics; without them, a single infected animalcould quickly wipe out an entire CAFO operation.Kansas State University is one of the founding academicleaders of NIAMRRE, leveraging its collaborations withcompanies in the Animal Health Corridor and close proximityto the National Bio-and Agro-defense Facility now underconstruction.Over time, pathogens can develop complete resistance toa given antibiotic. Unfortunately, multi-drug resistance inbacteria is becoming widespread, especially due to extensiveuse in agriculture. Resistance threatens to abolish all of thegains antibiotics have brought.RelevanceMicrobial resistance to control agents is not limited toantibiotics; it extends to drugs used to combat diseasescaused by viruses (e.g. HIV/AIDS) and parasites (e.g. malaria).Increasing populations, global travel, global trade, the spreadof urbanization, and widespread use of technology presentadditional challenges. They combine to drive the fastest paceof emergence of novel pathogens in recorded human history.Many of these pathogens are zoonotic, previously limitedto domestic or wild animals, but now infecting people. Aparticular challenge of emerging infectious agents is the lackof tools for detection, control, and prevention.NIAMRRE is in keeping the five goals articulated in the 2018National Biodefense Strategy (NBS) for strengthening thebiodefense enterprise, including to “Strengthen biosafetyand biosecurity practices and oversight to mitigate therisk of bioincidents” (2.1.2), and “Ensure a vibrant andinnovative national science and technology base to supportbiodefense” (3.1).Specifically, the near-term goals include addressing the current60:1 funding disparity between human AMR-related researchand AMR-related research in all other health sectors (livestock,companion animal, environment) without decreasing humanfunding. Two focal areas for consideration are:DescriptionIn September 2017, the Presidential Advisory Councilon Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB)issued a report, Recommendations for Incentivizing theDevelopment of Vaccines, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics toCombat Antibiotic-Resistance. The Council noted that a varietyof economic, research and development, regulatory, andbehavioral hurdles must be addressed to accelerate thepace of new tool discovery to fight antimicrobial resistance.A key recommendation was to establish a formal entity,or coordination hub, to accelerate vaccine development,therapeutics, and animal health diagnostics. Increase research funding opportunities that NIAMRREpartners can collectively or individually compete forby advocating for increased antibiotic-designatedappropriations to USDA-NIFA, and Increase funding directed at leveraging the infrastructureof NIAMRRE and its partner institutions to buildcapacity around education and outreach via directedappropriations to FDA to support efforts outlined intheir FY19-23 goals document, Supporting AntimicrobialStewardship in Veterinary Settings.This entity, which PACCARB proposed to be administrativelyhoused within USDA, would serve as a “one-stop-shop” forresearchers, companies, and universities to advance theirtechnologies from discovery to commercialization. The newunit would establish connections to accelerate research,development, and tech transfer for new vaccines, diagnostics,and alternatives to antibiotics.Agency Contact InformationUSDA NIFACarrie Castille, Director202-720-4423carrie.castille@usda.gov1.2

U.S. Bio/Agrodefense: Awareness and WarningNational Plant Diagnostic Network – NPDNBackgroundThe GPDN Regional Center provides administrative oversightand diagnostic technical and surge support to the region.In addition, the lab information management system (PDISsoftware) used by 30 states was developed and is supportedby GPDN. PDIS facilitates sample tracking and data upload tothe NPDN National Data Repository. GPDN sponsors trainingand education for diagnosticians to maintain proficiency withadvanced diagnostic technologies and achieve competencewith approved standard operating procedures. The GPDNDirector provides national and regional leadership (immediatepast NPDN Executive Director) to oversee the implementationof policies and procedures to enhance performance, increasecapabilities and capacity, and to improve stakeholder support.Protecting American agriculture — crops, livestock – andfood from global biothreats, while safeguarding people fromzoonotic animal diseases and foodborne pathogens, is vitalto U.S. homeland security. As a result, Homeland SecurityPresidential Directive-9 (HSPD-9) was issued Jan. 30, 2004.The major requirements delineated in HSPD-9 include: (A)awareness and warning; (B) vulnerability assessments; (C)mitigation strategies; (D) response planning and recovery; (E)outreach and professional development; and (F) research anddevelopment.GPDN maintains strong working relationships with state andfederal regulatory agencies to partner in protecting plantsystems. Over the past several years, GPDN has partneredwith USDA APHIS PPQ to support response efforts for severalintroduced pests and pathogens with the potential tonegatively impact productivity and profitability of Kansasagriculture and/or disrupt export of Kansas commodities.GPDN and NPDN were created as called for in HSPD-9 andas such, contribute to (A) awareness and early warning,(D) response planning and recovery, and (E) outreach andprofessional development. GPDN and NPDN provide triageand surge support to APHIS PPQ; GPDN serves as a primarymechanism to facilitate the early detection of newly emergedand/or introduced pathogens and pests. GPDN and NPDNbenefit plant and animal health in the region and nationallyby protecting the crop systems that generate the feed tosupport our livestock operations.Public Law 115-43 in 2017 amended the Homeland SecurityAct of 2002 to codify mandates of HSPD-9 in federal statutefor the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Plus,National Security Presidential Memorandum/NSPM-14, Sept.18, 2018, stipulates continued adherence to HSPD-9 by federalagencies.RelevanceThe most recent Cooperative Agreement between theLand-grant universities that administer NPDN and USDA,calls for substantial new programs without additionalresources. To meet the new USDA requirements necessary toprotect agricultural plant systems and support APHIS PPQ insafeguarding trade, additional investment is critical to meetthe steadily increasing demands for rapid and accurate plantdiagnostics that support production and exports.Agency Contact InformationAmerica is unprepared for accidental introductions orbioterrorism attacks on U.S. agriculture – crops, livestock – andfood. Multiple unintentional disease outbreaks in recent yearsprove that to be the case. Greatly improved Awareness andWarning is needed.U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA)Mike Fitzner816-926-1942DescriptionAmer Fayad, National Program Leaderamer.fayad@usda.govK-State’s (KSU’s) College of Agriculture (COA) is home to theRegional Center of Great Plains Diagnostic Network (GPDN),a eight-state consortium of plant diagnostic laboratoriesincluding, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming,Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma. GPDN is one ofthe five regional networks of the National Plant DiagnosticNetwork (NPDN). NPDN is comprised of over 70 labs nationallythat are critical components of our national biosecurityinfrastructure.1.3

National Animal Health Laboratory NetworkBackgroundthe KSVDL by conducting research on new methodologies;5) development of training strategy framework for NAHLNlaboratories by assessing lessons learned; and 6) in theoccurrence of an outbreak, perform post-surveillance testingto ensure disease freedom in affected areas. The NAHLNnetwork has 20 veterinary laboratories, including KSVDL,performing human SARS-CoV-2 testing to serve the pandemicas a high throughput extensive network for both human andanimal health.Homeland Security Presidential Directive-9 (HSPD-9), Defenseof U.S. Agriculture and Food, states that America’s agriculturaland food sector is vital to our economy and is one of thekey underpinnings of national security and thus it must beprotected from disruption by natural, accidental, or deliberateevents. The directive states that federal agencies should “ develop nationwide laboratory networks for food, veterinary,plant health, and water quality that integrate existing Federaland State laboratory resources, are interconnected, andutilize standardized diagnostic protocols and procedures.”The passage of the Securing our Agriculture and Food Act inJune 2017 supports HSPD-9 to ensure coordination to protectagriculture. Historically, the U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)has served as the vanguard to protect America’s pre-harvestresources. The National Animal Health Laboratory Network(NAHLN) represents a cooperative effort between two USDAagencies: APHIS and the National Institute of Food andAgriculture (NIFA), and the American Association of VeterinaryLaboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD). The NAHLN is a networkcomprised of approximately 60 laboratories across theUnited States that focus on preparedness and surveillancefor high-consequence diseases (primarily foreign animaldiseases). NAHLN laboratories use the same testing methodsand procedures and similar software platforms to performsurveillance testing and high throughput testing in the caseof an outbreak of an emerging disease or foreign animaldisease; it can also serve in pandemics affecting humanhealth. Resources estimate that an outbreak of Foot andMouth Disease in the United States would cost the economyapproximately 20 billion and be felt across multiple sectors.NAHLN laboratories are important in prevention and control,thus the 2018 Farm Bill has allocated mandatory funding tosupport the NAHLN infrastructure supporting both animalagriculture and human health by serving the SARS-CoV-2pandemic.RelevanceAt the Federal level, USDA’s National Veterinary ServicesLaboratories (NVSL) and Foreign Animal Disease DiagnosticLaboratory (FADDL; Plum Island Animal Disease Center)serve as the national veterinary diagnostic reference andconfirmatory laboratory. State and University laboratories,such as KSVDL in the NAHLN perform routine diagnostictesting for endemic animal diseases as well as targetedsurveillance and response testing for foreign animal diseaseinvestigations/outbreaks and other high-consequencediseases. State and University laboratories also participate inthe development of new assay methodologies and are on thefrontline of detecting emerging diseases important in animaland/or human health (zoonoses). KSVDL became a first-tierNAHLN lab in 2019; 17/59 laboratories across the US are tier1. Prior to 2019, KSVDL had been a tier 2 laboratory since theNALHN was established in 2002.Networking these resources provides an extensiveinfrastructure of facilities, equipment, and personnel that aregeographically accessible no matter where disease strikes.The laboratories have the capability to conduct nationwidesurveillance testing for the early detection of an animaldisease outbreak. The ability to test large numbers of samplesrapidly during an outbreak and then to demonstrate freedomfrom disease after eradication is critical and requires enhancedcapacity nationwide. This can only be accomplished with astrong and responsive NAHLN. Continued and additionalfunding are critical for the NAHLN to protect U.S. animalagriculture.DescriptionThe NALHN provides a high throughput diagnostic protocolto facilitate rapid and accurate examination of samples fromdiseases of importance to food animal security. Kansas StateUniversity (KSU) has participated with NAHLN in significantways, including the Kansas State Veterinary DiagnosticLaboratory (KSVDL). These include the development,enhancement and delivery of targeted technical trainingsupport programs, with: 1) exercises and reviews of bestpractices from NAHLN labs; 2) expanded animal healthdiagnostic screening capabilities regionally; 3) participatedin proficiency testing personnel and conducting surveillancetesting for CSF, ASF, FMD, APMV-1, HPAI, SIV, CWD, Scrapie,PRV, and emerging diseases; 4) increased testing capacity ofAgency Contact InformationNational Animal Health Laboratory NetworkUSDA, APHIS, VS, NVSLChristina M. a.gov1.4

The Center for Food Safety in Child Nutrition ProgramsBackgroundThe United States Department of Agriculture’s Food andNutrition Services (FNS) provides nutritious meals to morethan 31 million children each day in over 100,000 schoolsthrough the School Lunch Program and about 3.2 millionchildren and 112,000 adults are served daily through the Childand Adult Care Food Program. The safety of these meals is ofgreat importance and there is strong Federal legislation tosupport food safety.In response to USDA food safety initiatives, the Centerof Excellence for Food Safety Research in Child NutritionPrograms was established in 2011 at Kansas State University.Kansas State was selected to administer the inauguralCenter through a competitive process. In 2017, Kansas Statewas again selected to administer the renamed Center forFood Safety in Child Nutrition Programs after a competitiveselection.The Center conducts multidisciplinary research that directlyimpacts the safety of food served in child nutrition programsand produces science-based evidence to improve the safetyof foods provided through the FNS nutrition assistanceprograms. The findings have been translated to training,research publications, and other resources to improve theknowledge and practices of school nutrition practitioners,scientists, policy makers, and educators. Crisis Management Planning in Schools andResponsiveness to COVID19: Describe the current status ofcrisis management planning implementation and providerecommendations for future training and educationinitiatives. Food Safety Practices and Beliefs of Stakeholdersinvolved in Meal Distribution During Crisis Situations:Identify and assess methods school food authoritiesuse to communicate food safety guidance to parentsand guardians during crisis situations and providerecommendations to improve the overall safety of foodserved from the school nutrition program.The Center administers an intensive education program,Serving up Science, to improve food science and food safetycompetencies in school nutrition programs. Participants,including school nutrition managers and state agency staffmembers, educate other child nutrition managers anddirectors utilizing the tools and knowledge they have gainedfrom the course. Since 2013, approximately 380 people from50 states, the District of Columbia, and American Samoa havecompleted the program. Alumni have used the knowledgegained to reach an additional 25,000 individuals engaged inchild nutrition programs.Faculty from the Department of Hospitality Management andthe Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health in theCollege of Health and Human Sciences provide leadership forthe Center. The Center has administered a total of 5.8 millionfor the nine years that it has been funded. Continuation of theCenter will depend on FNS priorities and funding availability.The work of the Center is enhanced through partnershipswith the many programs and institutes at Kansas State,including the Biosecurity Research Institute, Food ScienceInstitute, Kansas State University Olathe, and with the KansasDepartment of Education’s Division of Child Nutrition andWellness.RelevanceKansas State University provides global food safety expertisealong the continuum of the food chain that is unparalleled.Recent Center research initiatives include: Microbial Control: Use microbiological testing andpathogen modeling to determine microbial growth infood commonly served in child nutrition programs.This applied research is used by FNS to inform public policy.The Institute of Child Nutrition (funded by FNS and housedat the University of Mississippi) uses the results as the basisfor educational programs and materials for child nutritionprograms across the United States. This collaborativerelationship ensures that the research is translated intomeaningful resources that have a direct impact on practice.Description Employee Behavior Assessment: Determine schoolnutrition employees’ behavioral intentions to follow foodsafety practices and develop interventions to improveemployee practices and the safety of food served.Agency Contact InformationUSDA Food and Nutrition ServiceKristin Garcia, MPH, REHSOffice of Food Safety703-305-7471kristin.garcia@usda.govFood Defense: Identify current practices to preventintentional acts of food contamination or tamperingin school nutrition programs and assess deficiencies inpractices, providing recommendations for education andtraining resources.1.5

Urban Food Systems InstituteBackgroundand Natural Resources is offered on the Manhattan andOlathe campuses. A graduate certificate for current K-Stategraduate stud

1.10 College of Veterinary Medicine/Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) . within the Network Science and Engineering (NetSE) group 1.20 Microfluidic Organs-on-a-Chip: Bioprinting, Culture and . 785-532-6221 or skp@k-state.edu. She will provide you with whatever information you may require.