Sports Essentials Athletics Rules 2018 - Special Olympics
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESAthleticsSport Rules1VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESTABLE OF CONTENTS1.2.GOVERNING RULES . 5OFFICIAL EVENTS. 5Track Events . 525 Meters . 550 Meters . 5100 Meters . 5200 Meters . 5400 Meters . 5800 Meters . 51500 Meters . 53000 Meters . 55000 Meters . 510,000 Meters . 5Hurdle events . 5Men 110 Meters . 5Women 100 Meters . 54 x 100 Meter Relay . 54 x 200 Meter Relay . 54 x 400 Meter Relay . 54 x 100 Meter Unified Sports Relay . 54 x 200 Meter Unified Sports Relay . 54 x 400 Meter Unified Sports Relay . 5Field Events . 5Long Jump . 5Standing Long Jump . 5High Jump . 5Softball Throw . 5Tennis Ball Throw . 6Shot Put . 6Mini-Javelin . 6Pentathlon (100 Meters, Long Jump, Shot Put, High Jump, 400 Meters) . 6Race Walking Events . 625 Meter Walk. 650 Meter Walk. 6100 Meter Walk . 6400 Meter Walk . 6800 Meter Walk . 61500 Meter Walk . 6Assisted Walk Events . 610 Meter Assisted Walk . 62VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULES3.25 Meter Assisted Walk . 650 Meter Assisted Walk . 6Wheelchair Events . 610 Meter Wheelchair Race . 625 Meter Wheelchair Race . 630 Meter Wheelchair Slalom . 64 x 25 Meter Wheelchair Shuttle Relay . 630 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Slalom. 650 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Slalom. 625 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Obstacle Race . 6100 Meter Wheelchair Race . 6200 Meter Wheelchair Race . 6400 Meter Wheelchair Race . 6Wheelchair Shot Put . 6Road Races . 6Half-Marathon. 6Marathon . 6Team Competition . 6RULES AND MODIFICATIONS. 6General Rules and Modifications for Track Events . 6Use of Blocks and Starting Race . 6Starting Race/Commands . 7Starting races longer than 400 meters . 7Starting Relays . 7The starter shall give each competitor a chance to give his/her best effort by: . 7False Starts . 7Lane Violations . 7Race Walking . 7Hurdle Events . 7Use of Wind Gauge . 8General Rules for Field Events. 8Time Requirements to Initiate an Attempt and Measurements . 8Use of Wind Gauge . 8Long Jump . 8Standing Long Jump . 8High Jump . 9Shot Put . 9Softball Throw and Tennis Ball Throw . 9Mini-Javelin . 10General Rules for Combined Events . 11Pentathlon . 113VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESGeneral Rules for Wheelchair Events . 11Wheelchair Shot Put . 11Main Principles for Wheelchair Races . 1110 Meter / 25 Meter Wheelchair Races . 1130 Meter Wheelchair Slalom . 124 x 25 Meter Wheelchair Shuttle Relay . 12General Rules for Motorized Wheelchair Events . 12Main Principles . 12Motorized Wheelchair Slalom . 1225 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Obstacle Course . 13General Rules for Assisted Walk . 14Set-Up: . 14Rules: . 14General Rules for Blind and Deaf Athletes . 14General Rules for Unified Sports Relays . 14General Rules for Unified Sports Team Athletics . 14Roster Size and Coaches . 15Official Events and Entry Requirements . 15Divisioning . 15Team Scoring . 15. 164VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULES1.GOVERNING RULESThe Official Special Olympics Sports Rules for Athletics shall govern all Special Olympics competitions.As an international sports program, Special Olympics has created these rules based upon InternationalAssociation of Athletics Federations (IAAF) rules for athletics found at http://www.iaaf.org/. IAAF or NationalGoverning Body (NGB) rules shall be employed except when they are in conflict with the Official Special OlympicsSports Rules for Athletics or Article I. In such cases, the Official Special Olympics Sports Rules for Athletics shallapply.Refer to Article 1, essentials/general/Sports-Rules-Article1.pdf, for more information pertaining to Codes of Conduct, Training Standards, Medical and SafetyRequirements, Divisioning, Awards, Criteria for Advancement to Higher Levels of Competition, and UnifiedSports.An athlete with Down syndrome who has been diagnosed with Atlanto-axial instability may not participate in thepentathlon and high jump events.2.OFFICIAL EVENTSThe range of events is intended to offer competition opportunities for athletes of all abilities. Programs maydetermine the events offered and, if required, guidelines for the management of those events. Coaches areresponsible for providing training and event selection appropriate to each athlete’s skill and interest.The following is a list of official events available in Special Olympics.Track Events25 Meters50 Meters100 Meters200 Meters400 Meters800 Meters1500 Meters3000 Meters5000 Meters10,000 MetersHurdle eventsMen 110 MetersWomen 100 Meters4 x 100 Meter Relay4 x 200 Meter Relay4 x 400 Meter Relay4 x 100 Meter Unified Sports Relay4 x 200 Meter Unified Sports Relay4 x 400 Meter Unified Sports RelayField EventsLong JumpStanding Long JumpHigh JumpSoftball Throw5VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESTennis Ball ThrowShot PutMale: 4.0 kg/ 8.8 lbs.Female: 3.0 kg/ 6.6 lbs.Male (8–11 years): 3.0 kg/ 6.6 lbs.Female (8–11 years): 2kg/ 4.4 lbs.Mini-JavelinMale: 400gFemale: 300gMale and Female (8–15 years): 300g Combined EventsPentathlon (100 Meters, Long Jump, Shot Put, High Jump, 400 Meters)Race Walking Events25 Meter Walk50 Meter Walk100 Meter Walk400 Meter Walk800 Meter Walk1500 Meter WalkAssisted Walk Events10 Meter Assisted Walk25 Meter Assisted Walk50 Meter Assisted WalkWheelchair Events10 Meter Wheelchair Race25 Meter Wheelchair Race30 Meter Wheelchair Slalom4 x 25 Meter Wheelchair Shuttle Relay30 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Slalom50 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Slalom25 Meter Motorized Wheelchair Obstacle Race100 Meter Wheelchair Race200 Meter Wheelchair Race400 Meter Wheelchair RaceWheelchair Shot PutMen 2 kg/ 4.4 lbs.Women 2 kg / 4.4 lbs.Road RacesHalf-MarathonMarathonTeam CompetitionUnified Sports Team Athletics3.RULES AND MODIFICATIONSGeneral Rules and Modifications for Track EventsUse of Blocks and Starting Race6VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESIn running events: 100 Meter, 200 Meter, 400 Meter, 100 Meter Hurdles, 110 MeterHurdles, 4x100 Meter Relay, the athletes have the option of using or not using blocks.Starting Race/CommandsIn these events the commands of the starter shall be "on your marks", "set", and when allcompetitors are steady, the gun shall be fired.In all other running events, all walking events and all wheelchair races the commandsshall be "on your marks" and when all the competitors are steady, the gun shall be fired.A competitor shall not touch the ground with his/her hand(s).The starter may give the commands in English or his/her own language. The language tobe used will be communicated to all participants prior to the competition. For the SpecialOlympics World Summer Games, the commands of the starter shall be given in English.Starting races longer than 400 meters800 meters distance: Runner will run in the lanes through the first turn as far as thenearer edge of the breakline where athletes may leave their respective lanes.1500 meters and greater distances: A waterfall start shall be used.Starting Relays4 x 400 Meters: A three-turn stagger will be used for the start. The first leg will be runentirely in lanes. The second leg runner will start in his/her lane and will run in their lanesthrough the first turn as far as the edge of the breakline where athletes may leave theirrespective lanes. In the 4 x 400 meters relay where not more than four teams arecompeting, it is recommended that only the first bend of the first lap should be run inlanes. In a given competition, however, all races of 4 x 400 meters relay shall be run onlyin one of the above mentioned formats.The starter shall give each competitor a chance to give his/her best effort by:Giving the competitors ample time to settle down after taking their marks;Starting the sequence over if any runner is off-balance; andNot holding the runners too long after the set command.False StartsOnly one false start per race shall be allowed without the disqualification of the athleteresponsible for the false start. Any athlete responsible for further false starts in the raceshall be disqualified.Lane ViolationsIn all races run in lanes, each competitor shall keep within his/her allocated lane fromstart to finish.If a competitor is pushed or forced by another person to run outside his/her lane, and ifno material advantage is gained, the competitor should not be disqualified.If an athlete either runs outside his/her lane in the straight or runs outside the outer laneon the bend, with no material advantage thereby being gained, and if no other runner isobstructed, then the competitor shall not be disqualified.Race WalkingAthletes are not allowed to enter walking events and running events. They must selectone method of movement for all their track events.Athlete must have one foot in touch with the ground at all times.In all race walking events, an athlete does not have to have a straight advancing leg whilecompeting.In race walking events, up to and including the 400 meters, the competitor shall bedisqualified with no prior warning when, in the opinion of two or more officials, atechnical violation has been committed that results in an advantage being gained.Hurdle Events7VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESThe height for the 100 meter hurdles shall be 0.762 meters, with the distance to the firsthurdle from the starting line being 13.00 meters, the distance between hurdles being8.50 meters and the distance from the last hurdle to the finish line being 10.50 meters.The height for the 110 meter hurdles shall be 0.840 meters, with the distance to the firsthurdle from the starting line being 13.72 meters, the distance between hurdles being9.14 meters, and the distance from the last hurdle to the finish line being 14.02 meters.Use of Wind GaugeFor all competitions, the use of the wind gauge and the recording of wind readings arenot required.General Rules for Field EventsTime Requirements to Initiate an Attempt and MeasurementsIn the long jump, standing long jump and throwing events (shot put, softball throw, minijavelin and tennis ball throw) each athlete shall be allowed three non-consecutiveattempts. All three attempts shall be measured and recorded for breaking ties. Thelongest measurement of the three attempts shall be used for scoring. Athletes’ secondbest, and then third best, attempts shall be used to break ties. All measurements shall bemade in metric units.For individual field event competitions Long Jump, Standing Long Jump, and throws) andcombined events, a competitor shall be charged with a foul if the competitor does notinitiate and attempt within one minute after the competitor’s name has been called, inaddition to a visual indication made by the event judge. For the High Jump, where thereare three or more athletes remaining in the competition the time shall be one minute.Where there are two or three athletes remaining in the competition the time shall beone and a half minutes. Where there is one remaining athlete in the competition thetime shall be two minutes.Use of Wind GaugeFor all competitions the use of the wind gauge and the recording of wind readings arenot required.Long JumpIn the long jump, an athlete must be able to jump at least 1 meter, which is the maximumdistance between the takeoff board and the sandpit. The takeoff board may be setanywhere from the front edge of the sandpit up to 1 meter in front of it.All distances will be measured along a perpendicular line from the foul line to the closestimpression on the landing area made by any part of the athlete’s body or clothing.Prior to competition, an athlete may receive assistance from an official to mark theirrunway starting point.Standing Long JumpCompetitors shall start with both feet behind a designated foul line. The takeoff boardshall be the same as that specified for the long jump takeoff board. The athlete mayinitiate their attempt on the takeoff board.The athlete shall initiate all attempts from behind the designated foul line.A competitor shall use both feet on the take-off. He/she may rock backward and forwardlifting his/her heels and toes alternately, but he/she may not lift either foot completelyoff the ground.All distances will be measured along a perpendicular line from the foul line to the closestimpression on the landing area made by any part of the athlete’s body or clothing.When possible, it is strongly suggested that the standing long jump event be conductedin sand-filled jumping pits. The foul line shall be placed at the end of the running longjump runway. If a mat is used, it should be long enough to include both take-off andlanding areas, and the mat must be secured safely to the surface to prevent slipping.8VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESHigh JumpThe competitor shall take off from one foot.The minimum opening height for all high jump competitions shall be 1.00 meter.Competitors shall not dive forward over the bar or take off from a two-footed take-off.An athlete with Down syndrome, who has been diagnosed with Atlanto-axial instabilityor an athlete who has not been screened, may not participate in the pentathlon or thehigh jump. For additional information and the procedure for waiver of this restriction,please refer to Article I, Addendum F.When there is a tie in the high jump event after the count back of failures, the athletestying shall be awarded the same place in the competition – there is no jump-off to breakthe tie.In jumping events, prior to competition, athletes may have assistance from an official tomark their take-off mark.A competitor shall be charged with a foul if the competitor does not initiate and attemptwithin 1 minute after the competitor’s name has been called, in addition to a visualindication made by the event judge. For the High Jump, where there are three or moreathletes remaining in the competition the time shall be one minute. Where there are twoor three athletes remaining in the competition the time shall be one and a half minutes.Where there is one remaining athlete in the competition the time shall be two minutes.Shot PutThe shot may be steel, brass, or a synthetic-covered implement.It is acceptable to include wheelchair athlete in the regular divisions of the shot put, butthe weight of shot must be the same for all competitors.A legal put shall be made from within the circle. In the course of an attempt, the athlete,or his/her wheelchair, may not touch the top edge of the stop-board, the top of the ironring or any surface outside of the circle. It is legal to touch the inside of the stop-boardor the iron band.The use of any mechanical aid shall not be allowed. For protective purposes only thewrist may be taped.The shot shall be put from the shoulder with one hand only. When the competitor takesa stance in the circle to commence a put, the shot shall touch or be in close proximity tothe neck or the chin and the hand shall not be dropped below this position during theaction of putting. The shot shall not be taken behind the line of the shoulders.The put shall be declared foul and shall not be measured if, after entering the circle andstarting the put, the competitor commits any of the following:Uses any method contrary to the definition of legal put (as defined in SectionB.2.3.5); orCauses the shot to fall on or outside the lines marking the landing sector.Softball Throw and Tennis Ball ThrowThe ImplementSoftball Throw: 30 centimeters (11 3/4 in) in circumference softball shall beused.Ball Throw: a tennis ball shall be used.Competitors may use any type of throw.The throwing area should be set up as follows:The runway shall be marked by two parallel white lines 5 centimeters wideand 2.05 meters apart (2.82 meters in length). The throw shall be made frombehind the arc of a circle drawn with a radius of 3.00 meters. The landingsector shall be marked with white lines five centimeters wide such that the9VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESinner edge of the lines, if extended, would pass through the twointersections of the inner edges of the arc, and the parallel lines marking therunway and intersect at the center of the circle of which the arc is part. Thecenter of the circle is the point for the measurement and shall be marked.The sector is 40 .Softball and Tennis Ball Throw Area DiagramThe measurement of each throw shall be made from where the ball first touched theground to the inside edge of the arc.It is counted as a foul if the competitor:Does not throw the softball/tennis ball so that it initially lands completelywithin the inner edges of the landing sector lines.Where the competitor touches with any part of the body the arc as marked, orany ground beyond the arc or throwing box.Mini-JavelinThe shaft, grip and fins shall be made out of plastic or suitable rigid material.The tip shall be made of soft rubber with a blunt, rounded end.The mini-javelin may have three or four fins. The fins shall be flat (without protrusions orroughness) and shall be perpendicular to the surface of the mini-javelin.The minimum weights shall be 300g for Male and Female (8–15 years), 300 grams forFemale and 400 grams for Male.Mini-Javelin 300 gram and 400 gram Specification Table (all dimensions in millimeters)DimensionMinMaxOverall length685705Length of head8494Diameter of tip at thickest point3743365380Diameter of shaft forward of grip3038Diameter of shaft behind the grip2430Diameter of shaft at the grip344099109322332Distance from tip to centre of gravityWidth of gripDistance from front of grip to tip of tail10VERSION: June 2018 Special Olympics, Inc., 2018All rights reserved
ATHLETICS SPORT RULESLength of finDiameter of fin (peak to peak opposing fins)16216895105No of fins34The mini-javelin must be held by the grip with one hand only.The mini-javelin shall be thrown over the shoulder or upper part of the throwing arm andmay not be slung or hurled.At no time may the competitor turn completely around so that his/her back is towardsthe throwing area.The measurement of each throw shall be made from where the tip first struck theground to the inside edge of the arc.The mini-javelin runway and landing sector shall be those as described in IAAF Rules:Chapter 5, Section IV Field Events, Rule 187, 9, 10, 11 and 12.It is counted as a foul if the competitor:Does not use the proper throwing technique.Does not throw the mini-javelin so that the point (tip) lands before any otherpart of the implement.Does not throw the mini-javelin so that the point (tip) falls completely withinthe inner edges of the sector lines.Where the competitor touches with any part of the body the arc as marked,or any ground beyond the arc or throwing box.General Rules for Combined EventsPentathlonThe five events comprising the pentathlon shall be conducted in the following order: 100meter run, long jump, shot put, high jump and 400 meter run.The Special Olympics Pentathlon Scoring Tables may be found at the end of this section.If achieved time
The Official Special Olympics Sports Rules for Athletics shall govern all Special Olympics competitions. As an international sports program, Special Olympics has created these rules based upon International
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