IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Core System User's Guide
iIBM SPSS Statistics 20 Core SystemUser’s Guide
Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the general informationunder Notices on p. 416.This edition applies to IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and to all subsequent releases and modificationsuntil otherwise indicated in new editions.Adobe product screenshot(s) reprinted with permission from Adobe Systems Incorporated.Microsoft product screenshot(s) reprinted with permission from Microsoft Corporation.Licensed Materials - Property of IBM Copyright IBM Corporation 1989, 2011.U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADPSchedule Contract with IBM Corp.
PrefaceIBM SPSS StatisticsIBM SPSS Statistics is a comprehensive system for analyzing data. SPSS Statistics can takedata from almost any type of file and use them to generate tabulated reports, charts and plots ofdistributions and trends, descriptive statistics, and complex statistical analyses.This manual, the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Core System User’s Guide, documents the graphicaluser interface of SPSS Statistics. Examples using the statistical procedures found in add-onoptions are provided in the Help system, installed with the software.In addition, beneath the menus and dialog boxes, SPSS Statistics uses a command language.Some extended features of the system can be accessed only via command syntax. (Those featuresare not available in the Student Version.) Detailed command syntax reference information isavailable in two forms: integrated into the overall Help system and as a separate document in PDFform in the Command Syntax Reference, also available from the Help menu.IBM SPSS Statistics OptionsThe following options are available as add-on enhancements to the full (not Student Version)IBM SPSS Statistics Core system:Statistics Base gives you a wide range of statistical procedures for basic analyses and reports,including counts, crosstabs and descriptive statistics, OLAP Cubes and codebook reports. It alsoprovides a wide variety of dimension reduction, classification and segmentation techniques suchas factor analysis, cluster analysis, nearest neighbor analysis and discriminant function analysis.Additionally, SPSS Statistics Base offers a broad range of algorithms for comparing means andpredictive techniques such as t-test, analysis of variance, linear regression and ordinal regression.Advanced Statistics focuses on techniques often used in sophisticated experimental and biomedicalresearch. It includes procedures for general linear models (GLM), linear mixed models, variancecomponents analysis, loglinear analysis, ordinal regression, actuarial life tables, Kaplan-Meiersurvival analysis, and basic and extended Cox regression.Bootstrapping is a method for deriving robust estimates of standard errors and confidenceintervals for estimates such as the mean, median, proportion, odds ratio, correlation coefficient orregression coefficient.Categories performs optimal scaling procedures, including correspondence analysis.Complex Samples allows survey, market, health, and public opinion researchers, as well as socialscientists who use sample survey methodology, to incorporate their complex sample designsinto data analysis.Conjoint provides a realistic way to measure how individual product attributes affect consumer andcitizen preferences. With Conjoint, you can easily measure the trade-off effect of each productattribute in the context of a set of product attributes—as consumers do when making purchasingdecisions.Custom Tables creates a variety of presentation-quality tabular reports, including complexstub-and-banner tables and displays of multiple response data. Copyright IBM Corporation 1989, 2011.iii
Data Preparation provides a quick visual snapshot of your data. It provides the ability to applyvalidation rules that identify invalid data values. You can create rules that flag out-of-rangevalues, missing values, or blank values. You can also save variables that record individual ruleviolations and the total number of rule violations per case. A limited set of predefined rules thatyou can copy or modify is provided.Decision Trees creates a tree-based classification model. It classifies cases into groups or predictsvalues of a dependent (target) variable based on values of independent (predictor) variables. Theprocedure provides validation tools for exploratory and confirmatory classification analysis.Direct Marketing allows organizations to ensure their marketing programs are as effective aspossible, through techniques specifically designed for direct marketing.Exact Tests calculates exact p values for statistical tests when small or very unevenly distributedsamples could make the usual tests inaccurate. This option is available only on Windowsoperating systems.Forecasting performs comprehensive forecasting and time series analyses with multiplecurve-fitting models, smoothing models, and methods for estimating autoregressive functions.Missing Values describes patterns of missing data, estimates means and other statistics, andimputes values for missing observations.Neural Networks can be used to make business decisions by forecasting demand for a product as afunction of price and other variables, or by categorizing customers based on buying habits anddemographic characteristics. Neural networks are non-linear data modeling tools. They can beused to model complex relationships between inputs and outputs or to find patterns in data.Regression provides techniques for analyzing data that do not fit traditional linear statisticalmodels. It includes procedures for probit analysis, logistic regression, weight estimation,two-stage least-squares regression, and general nonlinear regression.Amos (analysis of moment structures) uses structural equation modeling to confirm and explainconceptual models that involve attitudes, perceptions, and other factors that drive behavior.About IBM Business AnalyticsIBM Business Analytics software delivers complete, consistent and accurate information thatdecision-makers trust to improve business performance. A comprehensive portfolio of businessintelligence, predictive analytics, financial performance and strategy management, and analyticapplications provides clear, immediate and actionable insights into current performance and theability to predict future outcomes. Combined with rich industry solutions, proven practices andprofessional services, organizations of every size can drive the highest productivity, confidentlyautomate decisions and deliver better results.As part of this portfolio, IBM SPSS Predictive Analytics software helps organizations predictfuture events and proactively act upon that insight to drive better business outcomes. Commercial,government and academic customers worldwide rely on IBM SPSS technology as a competitiveadvantage in attracting, retaining and growing customers, while reducing fraud and mitigatingrisk. By incorporating IBM SPSS software into their daily operations, organizations becomepredictive enterprises – able to direct and automate decisions to meet business goals and achieveiv
measurable competitive advantage. For further information or to reach a representative visithttp://www.ibm.com/spss.Technical supportTechnical support is available to maintenance customers. Customers may contact TechnicalSupport for assistance in using IBM Corp. products or for installation help for one of thesupported hardware environments. To reach Technical Support, see the IBM Corp. web siteat http://www.ibm.com/support. Be prepared to identify yourself, your organization, and yoursupport agreement when requesting assistance.Technical Support for StudentsIf you’re a student using a student, academic or grad pack version of any IBMSPSS software product, please see our special online Solutions for Education(http://www.ibm.com/spss/rd/students/) pages for students. If you’re a student using auniversity-supplied copy of the IBM SPSS software, please contact the IBM SPSS productcoordinator at your university.Customer ServiceIf you have any questions concerning your shipment or account, contact your local office. Pleasehave your serial number ready for identification.Training SeminarsIBM Corp. provides both public and onsite training seminars. All seminars feature hands-onworkshops. Seminars will be offered in major cities on a regular basis. For more information onthese seminars, go to g.Additional PublicationsThe SPSS Statistics: Guide to Data Analysis, SPSS Statistics: Statistical Procedures Companion,and SPSS Statistics: Advanced Statistical Procedures Companion, written by Marija Norušis andpublished by Prentice Hall, are available as suggested supplemental material. These publicationscover statistical procedures in the SPSS Statistics Base module, Advanced Statistics moduleand Regression module. Whether you are just getting starting in data analysis or are ready foradvanced applications, these books will help you make best use of the capabilities found withinthe IBM SPSS Statistics offering. For additional information including publication contentsand sample chapters, please see the author’s website: http://www.norusis.comv
Contents1Overview1What’s new in version 20?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Designated window versus active window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Dialog boxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Variable names and variable labels in dialog box lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Resizing dialog boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Dialog box controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Selecting variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Data type, measurement level, and variable list icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Getting information about variables in dialog boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Basic steps in data analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Statistics Coach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Finding out more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Getting Help8Getting Help on Output Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Data Files10Opening Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10To Open Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Data File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Opening File Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reading Excel 95 or Later Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reading Older Excel Files and Other Spreadsheets . .Reading dBASE Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reading Stata Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reading Database Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Text Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reading IBM SPSS Data Collection Data . . . . . . . . . .File Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1011111212121313273638Saving Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38To Save Modified Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Saving Data Files in External Formats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39vi
Saving Data Files in Excel Format. . . . . . .Saving Data Files in SAS Format . . . . . . .Saving Data Files in Stata Format. . . . . . .Saving Subsets of Variables. . . . . . . . . . .Exporting to a Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exporting to IBM SPSS Data Collection . .Protecting Original Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41424344455758Virtual Active File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Creating a Data Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594Distributed Analysis Mode61Server Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Adding and Editing Server Login Settings.To Select, Switch, or Add Servers . . . . . .Searching for Available Servers. . . . . . . .Opening Data Files from a Remote Server . . . .62626364File Access in Local and Distributed Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Availability of Procedures in Distributed Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Absolute versus Relative Path Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655Data Editor67Data View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Variable View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68To display or define variable attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Variable names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Variable measurement level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Variable type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Variable labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Value labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inserting line breaks in labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Missing values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Column width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Variable alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Applying variable definition attributes to multiple variables . .Custom Variable Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Customizing Variable View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spell checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii.696970717373747475767676778181
Entering data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82To enter numeric data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .To enter non-numeric data. . . . . . . . . . . .To use value labels for data entry. . . . . . .Data value restrictions in the data editor .Editing data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8283838383Replacing or modifying data values . . . . .Cutting, copying, and pasting data valuesInserting new cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inserting new variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . .To change data type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Finding cases, variables, or imputations . . . . .848485858686Finding and replacing data and attribute values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Case selection status in the Data Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Data Editor display options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Data Editor printing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90To print Data Editor contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906Working with Multiple Data Sources91Basic Handling of Multiple Data Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Working with Multiple Datasets in Command Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Copying and Pasting Information between Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Renaming Datasets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Suppressing Multiple Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937Data preparation95Variable properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Defining Variable Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96To Define Variable Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Defining Value Labels and Other Variable Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Assigning the Measurement Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Custom Variable Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Copying Variable Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Setting measurement level for variables with unknown measurement level. . . . . 96. . . 97. . . 99. . 100. . 101. . 102Multiple Response Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Defining Multiple Response Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104viii
Copying Data Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107To Copy Data Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting Source and Target Variables . .Choosing Variable Properties to Copy . . .Copying Dataset (File) Properties . . . . . . .Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Identifying Duplicate Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107108110111114114Visual Binning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117To Bin Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Binning Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Automatically Generating Binned Categories .Copying Binned Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . .User-Missing Values in Visual Binning . . . . . .8.Data Transformations.118118120122123125Computing Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Compute Variable: If Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Compute Variable: Type and Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Missing Values in Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128Random Number Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Count Occurrences of Values within Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Count Values within Cases: Values to Count. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Count Occurrences: If Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Shift Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Recoding Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Recode into Same Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Recode into Same Variables: Old and New Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Recode into Different Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Recode into Different Variables: Old and New Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Automatic Recode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Rank Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Rank Cases: Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Rank Cases: Ties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143Date and Time Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143Dates and Times in IBM SPSS Statistics . . . . . . . . . .Create a Date/Time Variable from a String . . . . . . . . .Create a Date/Time Variable from a Set of Variables. .Add or Subtract Values from Date/Time Variables . . .ix.145146147149
Extract Part of a Date/Time Variable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157Time Series Data Transformations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Define Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Create Time Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161Replace Missing Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1639File Handling and File Transformations165Sort Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Sort Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166Transpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167Merging Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Add Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Add Cases: Rename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Add Cases: Dictionary Information. . . . . .Merging More Than Two Data Sources . .Add Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171171171171Add Variables: Rename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Merging More Than Two Data Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Aggregate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Aggregate Data: Aggregate Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Aggregate Data: Variable Name and Label. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Split File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Select Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178Select Cases: If . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select Cases: Random Sample . .Select Cases: Range . . . . . . . . . .Weight Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180181181182Restructuring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183To Restructure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard: Select Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Number of Variable Groups . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Select Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create Index Variables. . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create One Index Variable . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create Multiple Index Variables . .Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Select Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Sort Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Restructure Data Wizard: Finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x.184184188189191193194195196198199200
10 Working with Output202Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202Showing and Hiding Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Moving, Deleting, and Copying Output . . . . . . . . .Changing Initial Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Changing Alignment of Output Items . . . . . . . . . .Viewer Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Adding Items to the Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Finding and Replacing Information in the Viewer .Copying Output into Other Applications. . . . . . . . . . . .
This manual, the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Core System User's Guide, documents the graphical user interface of SPSS Statistics. Examples using the statistical procedures found in add-on options are provided in the Help system, installed with the software. In addition, beneath the menus and dialog boxes, SPSS Statistics uses a command language.
Basic Structure of IBM SPSS Statistics Data Files IBM SPSS Statistics data files are organized by cases (rows) and variables (columns). In this data file, cases represent individual respondents to a survey. Variables represent responses to each question asked in the survey. Reading IBM SPSS Statistics Data Files IBM SPSS Statistics data files .
SPSS for Windows Version 19.0: A Basic Tutorial Linda Fiddler, California State University, Bakersfield . all you have to do to start IBM SPSS is to point to the IBM SPSS 19 icon on the desktop and double click. Then wait while IBM SPSS loads. After IBM SPSS loads, you may, depending on how IBM SPSS is set up, get a menu that .
organization, and your support agreement when requesting assistance. IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Student Version The IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Student Version is a limited but still powerful version of SPSS Statistics. Capability The Student Version contains many of the important data analysis tools contained in IBM SPSS Statistics, including:
The following is a simple example of using the IBM SPSS Statistics - Integration Plug-in for Java to create a dataset in IBM SPSS Statistics, compute descriptive statistics and generate output. It illustrates the basic features of invoking IBM SPSS Statistics from an external Java application. import com.ibm.statistics.plugin.*;
On the SPSS Software Downloads page, Click on Access Customer Portal as shown in Figure 1 below: Figure 1 - SPSS Customer Portal 3. On the IBM SPSS Customer Portal page, click the symbol beside IBM SPSS Statistics as shown in Figure 2 below: Figure 2 - IBM SPSS Statistics File Location 4. You will be presented with a large list of files.
Here is what the three main windows in SPSS 17.0—SPSS Data Editor, SPSS Syntax Editor, and SPSS Viewer—look like in the Windows operating environment . The SPSS Data Editor window shows the active data file. The SPSS Syntax Editor window has an SPSS program typed into it. The results of the program appear in the SPSS Viewer window.
Statistics Student Version can do all of the statistics in this book. IBM SPSS Statistics GradPack includes the SPSS Base modules as well as advanced statistics, which enable you to do all the statistics in this book plus those in our IBM SPSS for Intermediate Statistics book (Leech et al., in press) and many others. Goals of This Book
IBM ODM IBM Operational Decision Manager IBM PMQ IBM Predictive Maintenance and Quality IBM SPSS ADM IBM SPSS Analytical Decision Management IBM SPSS C&D IBM SPSS Collaboration and Deployment Services JSON JavaScript Object Notation JVM Java Virtual Mac
