Volume 30, Number 1 Spring, 2006 F F F A Message From The President
l.29,30,No.No.41Page1 1PageAMERICAN SOCIETY OF PRIMATOLOGISTSToni Ziegler - Executive SecretaryVolume 30, Number 1F F FSpring, 2006A Message from the President.We apologize for thedelay in gettingthis issue of theASP Bulletin toyou. There area number ofreasons for this,but the mostimportant was our difficulty inobtaining commitments frompotential candidates to stand foroffice within ASP. As you know,ASP officers are volunteers andwithout volunteer officers itwould be really hard for ASP tofunction. So, since you got thisBulletin, it means we ended upwith a full slate of candidates, butplease know that it was not easyand that if you feel a connectionwith ASP and are in a positionwhere you can commit time andeffort to your professionalsociety, please consider runningfor ASP office in the future.Don’t forget that the deadlinefor Research and Development smallgrants is rapidly approaching (April30, 2006). Also, the Awards andRecognition Committee is lookingfor nominees for our various awards.Please have a look at the ASPwebsite for additional detailsconcerning both R & D grants andawards.Thanks to the early efforts of JeffFrench, we are now approaching thefinal stages of an agreement withElsevier/Academic Press to publishthe ASP Book Series. There aremany advantages of the pendingarrangement to ASP, to ASP authors,and to ASP readers and I willhighlight just a few. Remember thatthe primary goal of the ASP BookSeries is to publish high quality,scholarly work related to the studyof nonhuman primates. The firstadvantage of the pendingarrangement is that we will finallyhave the capability to professionally market our books. We(specifically, Janette Wallis) havedone an excellent job of producingthe volumes in the ASP BookSeries, but we have always hadtrouble selling the books. Ourpartnership with Elsevier/AcademicPress will allow us access to theirmarketing program, a developmentthat will help us sell more copies ofthe upcoming books in the series,but perhaps just as importantly,more copies of the books that wehave already produced (and paidfor). Secondly, Elsevier/AcademicPress is committed to making allvolumes of the Book Seriesavailable electronically. Again, thisis good both for upcoming volumesand for those already published.And finally, Elsevier/AcademicPress will publish the books at nocost to ASP – ASP can only makemoney on one of our own books.Up until now, we assumed all of thefinancial risk for our books. Again,ELECTION TIME FORASP EXECUTIVECOMMITTEE BIOSKETCHESOF THE CANDIDATESON PAGE 3the goal of the ASP Book Series is toadd to the knowledge base inprimatology, however it is morecomfortable to do that when wedon’t have to worry about losing 5,000 to 8,000 each time wepublish a book. I will let youknow when the deal has beenfinalized.The San Antonio meeting (Aug.16-19, 2006) is shaping up quitenicely. Additional details on theprogram can be found withinthis issue of the Bulletin, buthighlights will include DuaneRumbaugh’s DistinguishedPrimatologist’s talk, DarioMaestripieri’s Keynote address, aFounder’s Symposium, anOutstanding Mentor’s SymposiumContinued on Page 7ASP2005PROGRAMOVERVIEWINSIDEIt’s not too lateto register!August in Texas –how couldYour resist!
Page 2ASP Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1AMERICAN JOURNALOF PRIMATOLOGYThe “Early View” function for AJP onlineis now available, and allows you to accessAJP articles before they appear in print.To access Early View from the AJPwebsite, you need an account, which youcan set up for free if you are a member ofASP (or which you may not need if youracademic library already has asubscription). Go to the “Members Only”section of the ASP website, and read the“Instructions for accessing AJP online” toset up your account. Once established,you have access to all issues of AJP datingback to Volume 1, Issue 1, and includingthe “Early View” papers that are in thepipeline.Spring, 2006THE LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS COMMITTEE ENCOURAGES ONE AND ALL TOATTEND THE UPCOMING 2006 ASPMEETING IN SAN ANTONIO. NOT ONLYWILL YOU LEARN ABOUT GREATSCIENCE, YOU'LL BE GUARANTEED AFUN TIME. FROM THE MARIACHI BANDAT THE OPENING RECEPTION TO THEBOWLING TOURNAMENT (ALLOWINGTHOSE MORE COMPETITIVE SOULS TOBREAK DOWN INTO TEAMS SUPPORTINGYOUR OWN SPECIAL SPECIES, NOT JUSTOLD WORLD VS NEW WORLD!) TO THETEXAS SWING BAND AT THE BANQUET,WE INTEND TO GIVE YOU A TRUEFLAVOR OF THE LONE STAR STATE.BIENVENIDOS ANDY'ALL COME!2006 Call for ASP Conservation Award NominationsNominations for Conservation Awards are now being sought by the American Society of Primatologists’(ASP) Conservation Committee. These awards, funded from the ASP Conservation Fund, are a mechanism torecognize deserving colleagues and students, including those from primate habitat countries - countries withnative primate fauna - for whom the prestige of an ASP award can be a valuable aid to the recipient’s conservation efforts.Subscription Award: This award provides the American Journal of Primatology to worthy individuals inhabitat countries who otherwise may have little access to the scientific literature on nonhuman primates.Preference is given to individuals who will make the journal available for use by students and colleagues.The award is normally granted for a 5-year period. Recipients are requested to submit a brief report everytwo years summarizing the use of the journal. A nominating letter should describe the nominee’s credentialsand his/her primate-related activities, and should explain why the nominee deserves to receive high priorityconsideration. Deadline for AJP Subscription Award nominations: May 16, 2006.Conservation Award ( 750): This award provides recognition and financial support for students andyoung investigators from habitat countries who demonstrate potential for making significant and continuingcontributions to primate conservation. Those eligible include students, researchers, and educators fromprimate habitat countries for whom no more than five years have elapsed since receipt of their terminaldegree. Nominators should provide the name, title and full mailing address of their nominee, along with adetailed statement about the nominee’s qualifications for the award, focusing on past and potential contributions to primate conservation. A copy of the nominee’s vita is requested. Supporting letters from otherindividuals acquainted with the nominee’s work may be submitted. Past awards have been presented by U.S.Ambassadors or other senior officials, thereby obtaining favorable publicity for the award, its recipient, andprimate conservation in the recipient’s country. Deadline for Conservation Award nominations: May 16,2006.The Conservation Committee will make its recommendations for award recipients at the annual ASPmeeting in San Antonio. Awardees will be informed following the meeting and their names will be publishedin the ASP Bulletin and posted on the ASP web page. Send all correspondence by e-mail only to: Dr. JanetteWallis, Chair, ASP Conservation Committee, Natural & Environmental Science Program, ABTI-AmericanUniversity of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria; E-mail: janettewallis@sbcglobal.net or wallis@aaun.edu.ng.
l.29,30,No.No.41Page3 3PageASP BOARD OF DIRECTORS ELECTIONSThe following ASP members are running for President Elect, Treasurer, or Excutive Secretary. Biosketes areprovided for each candidate. Ballots will be mailed to all ASP member shortly.PRESIDENT ELECTRANDALL C. KYES:Current Position: ResearchAssociate Professor,Psychology (Adjunct,Anthropology), Core StaffScientist and Head, Division ofInternational Programs,Washington National PrimateResearch Center, University ofWashington Education: B.A.,University of Maine, Orono,1981; M.A., BucknellUniversity, 1985; Ph.D.,University of Georgia, 1989;Post Doc, Bowman GraySchool of Medicine, WakeForest Univ., 1992. ResearchInterests: Primate SocialBehavior, Cognition,Conservation Biology,Emerging Infectious Disease.Current ASP Activities:Publications Committee(Chair) (2004-present);Executive Committee (1996present); Ad Hoc Reviewer,ASP Book Series (2002present); Previous: Interim CoEditor, American Journal ofPrimatology (2003-2004);Publications Committee (CoChair) (2002-2004); ElectionsCommittee (2002); EditorialBoard, American Journal ofPrimatology (1999-2003); ASPRep. and Signatory forBushmeat Crisis Task Force(1999); ConservationCommittee (Chair) (19962002); Research &Development Committee(1994-1996); ProgramCommittee (1990-1994);Education Committee (19861990); IPS Activities: Current:Conservation Committee(2004-present); Previous: CaptiveCare & Breeding Committee(1999-2001); Captive Care &Breeding Committee (1993-1996)CAROLYN EHARDT: CurrentPosition: Associa te Professor ofAnthropology, University ofGeorgia, Affiliate Scientist inBehavioral Biology, YerkesNational Primate ResearchCenter, Emory University, AtlantaResearch Interests: Socioecology, Conservation, SocialBehavior, Primatology ASPActivities: NominationsCommittee, 2003-2005, ResearchCommittee, 2002-2004,Conservation Committee, 19962002, Research and DevelopmentCommittee, 1982-1984, 19901992, 1992-1994. Other,International and National:Primate Specialist Group, AfricaSection, IUCN/SSC (WorldConservation Union/ SpeciesSurvival Commission), 1996present Assessment PanelMember, IUCN/SSC/PrimateSpecialist Group, GlobalMammal Assessment - AfricanPrimates, Re-assessment of RedList Status of all AfricanPrimates, January 2005, InvitedPanel Member, National ScienceFoundation, BCS-PhysicalAnthropology, DoctoralDissertation Improvement GrantsProgram, 2004, Invited PanelMember, National ScienceFoundation, GraduateFellowships Program, 1993,1994, 1995, 1996, 2005, 2006,Review Board, ConservationInformation Service, 2001present, Committee, East AfricanFaunal Interest Group, AmericanZoo and Aquarium Association,1996-present, InternationalHealth Program, Centers forDisease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GAEXECUTIVESECRETARY ELECTKRIS COLEMAN: CurrentPosition: Affiliate AssistantScientist, Nonhuman PrimateBehaviorist, Divisions of AnimalResources and ReproductiveSciences, Oregon NationalPrimate Research CenterEducation: B.S., StateUniversity of New York at StonyBrook, 1988; Ph.D., BinghamtonUniversity, 1995; Post Doc,Oregon Regional PrimateResearch Center and Departmentof Psychiatry, University ofPittsburgh, 2000 ResearchInterests: Behavioral Ecology,Individual Differences inBehavior, Enrichment ASPActivities: Local OrganizingCommittee for 2005 ASP annualmeeting (Chair) (2005);Reviewer, AJP (2003-present).Other Activities: AdhocSpecialist, AAALACKATHERINE C.MACKINNONCurrent Position: AssistantProfessor of Anthropology,Department of Sociology &Criminal Justice and Center forInternational Studies, SaintLouis University Education:B.A., Anthropology, Universityof California at Berkeley, 1990M.A., Anthropology, Universityof Alberta, 1995 Ph.D.,Anthropology, University ofCalifornia at Berkeley, 2002Research Interests: Primatesocial behavior & ecology;Continued on Page 4
Page 4ASP Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1Spring, 2006Continued from Page 3TREASURER:KAREN L. BALES: CurrentPosition: Assistant Pro-fessor,Dept of Psychology Faculty,Animal Behavior andNeuroscience GraduateGroups, University ofCalifornia, Davis, AffiliateScientist, California NationalPrimate Research CenterEducation: B.A., University ofNew Orleans, 1993; M.A.,University of Tennessee, 1995;Ph.D., University of Maryland,College Park, 2000; Post Doc,University of Illinois atChicago, 2000-2004. ResearchInterests: Neurobiology ofsocial bonding, particularly inmonogamous primates;parenting behavior CurrentASP Activities: Research andDevelopment Committee (co-chair); 2004 – present; ExecutiveCommittee (2004 – present); AdHoc Reviewer, American Journalof Primatology Previous: Researchand Development Committee(member) 2000 – 2004, Recipientof Burroughs-Wellcome/ASPYoung Investigator Award, 2002;IPS Activities: Editorial BoardMember, International Journal ofPrimatology, 2003 – present.ALLYSON J. BENNETT:Current Position: AssistantProfessor, Dept of Physiology andPharmacology & Dept ofPediatrics, Wake ForestUniversity School of Medicine.Winston-Salem, NC 27157.EDUCATION Education:Ph.D. in Psychology, 1996, TheUniversity of Memphis, TN,M.S. in Psychology, 1992, TheUniversity of Memphis,Memphis, TN, B.S. inPsychology, 1988, Universityof Wisconsin Oshkosh,Oshkosh, WI. ResearchInterests: Primatedevelopment, psychopharmacology, genetics, behavior.Current ASP Activities:Program Committee (2004present). Institutional Activities(primate related): NonhumanPrimate EnvironmentalEnrichment Subcommittee toACUC 2001-2005, Chair 20042005.FEATURED SPEAKERS FOR ASP 2006Duane Rumbaugh will begiving the DistinguishedPrimatologist’s talk at ASP2006 - The Primate Role ofPrimates in ComparativePsychology - RevisitedDario Maestripieri will begiving the Keynot address at ASP2006 - The Causation, AdaptiveFunction, and Evolution ofMaternal Attachment in PrimatesDorothy Fragaszy theFeatured Speaker at ASP 2006- Hercules With A Tail: ANatural History of NutCracking Among theCapuchin Monkeys ofSouthern Piaul, Brazil
l.29,30,No.No.41Page5 5PageASP 2006 SAN ANTONIO MEETING1:00pm – 6:00 PMRegistration, Exhibitor and Silent Auction Setup1:00-5:00 PMStanding Committee Meetings7:00 PM – 10:00 PMOpening ReceptionThursday, August 17, 20066:30 AM – 8:00 AMPast President’s Breakfast8:00-8:15 AMWelcome and Opening RemarksMorning8:15 – 9:15 AMKeynote Address: Dario MaestripieriThe Causation, Adaptive Function, and Evolution of Maternal Attachment in PrimatesSession I9:30 AM– 12:15 PMSession I:EcologySession II9:30 AM – 11:45 PMOral Presentations:Endocrine/Biomedical12:00 – 1:30 PMLunch BreakSession III9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSymposium - NovakGerry Ruppenthal: A Tribute tothe gadgets, lives, and ideas of“The Unsung Hero”AJP EditorialLuncheonEventingAfternoon1:30 – 2:30 PMDistinguished Primatologists Award Address: Duane RumbaughThe Primate Role of Primates in Comparative Psychology - Revisited1:30 PM – 4:00 PM Session 5: Roundtable: Primate Research and Public InformationClass of 24 Reception RoomSession IV2:45 – 5:00 PMSymposium:National Primate ResearchCenter DirectorsSession V2:45 – 5:00 PMOral Presentations:Acoustic / Visual6:00 – 7:00 PMFilm SessionSession VI2:45 – 5:45 PMOral Presentations:Learning/Cognition5:00 – 7:00 PMExecutive Committee Meeting7:00 – 9:00 PMPoster Session IFriday, August 18, 20068:00-8:15 AMWelcome and Opening Remarks8:15 – 9:15 AMFeatured Speaker: Dorothy FragaszyHercules With A Tail: A Natural History of Nut-Cracking Among the Capuchin Monkeys of Southern Piaul, BrazilMorningASP 2006 - PROGRAM OVERVIEWAfternoonWednesday, August 16, 2006Session VII9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSymposium - Turner:Working Safely withNonhuman PrimatesSession VIII9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSocial BehaviorSession IX9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSymposium - Wallis:The Second Annual SessionHighlighting ASP-SponsoredConservation Projects
Page 6ASP Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1Spring, 2006ASP 2006 SAN ANTONIO MEETINGFriday, June 18th, 2004 ContinuedLunch Workshop:Behavioral and clinical management of alopecia innonhuman primates1:30 – 2:30 PMSpecial Symposium:American Society of Primatologists Founders SymposiumAfternoonSession VII9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSymposium - Turner:Working Safely with NonhumanPrimatesSession IX9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSymposium - Wallis:The Second Annual SessionHighlighting ASP-SponsoredConservation ProjectsSession VIII9:30 AM – 12:00 PMSocial BehaviorLunch Workshop:Behavioral and clinical management of alopecia innonhuman primates12:00 – 1:30 PMLunch BreakEveningAfternoon1:30 – 2:30 PMSpecial Symposium:American Society of Primatologists Founders SymposiumSession X2:45 – 5:15 PMSymposium – Higley/Rogers:The Use Of Molecular GeneticsIn Behavior StudiesSession XII2:45 – 5:15 PMSymposium – Atsalis:Primate Aging: Cross-TaxonPerspectivesSession XI2:45 – 5:15 PMOral Presentations:Social Behavior6:00-7:00 PMRoundtable: Surviving Graduate School AndBeyond: A Workshop For Students In TheBehavioral And Biological Sciences(Education Committee)5:00 – 7:00 PMBoard of Director’s Meeting7:00 – 9:00 PMPoster Session IIMorningSaturday, August 19, 2006Session XIII8:00AM – 11:45 AMSymposium – Howell:Non-Human Primate AlcoholResearch: Current Studies AndNew DirectionsSession XIV8:00 AM – 10:30 AMSymposium – Power:Sources Of Variation In MilkComposition: Phylogeny, LifeHistory, And MaternalConditionSession XVIII8:00 – 9:45 AMOral Presentation:Conservation / EcologySession XVI10:00 AM – 12:00 PMOral Presentations:Infant Development / MaternalBehaviorAternoon12:00 PM– 1:00 PM Lunch BreakSession XVII1:00 – 2:30 PMSymposium – Ehardt:Outstanding Mentor: Irwin BernsteinSession XV1:00 AM – 2:30AMOral Presentations:Genetics2:30 – 3:30 PM Business Meeting3:45 Silent Auction ClosingEveningASP 2004 - PROGRAM OVERVIEW12:00 – 1:30 PMLunch Break7:00 PM - UntilClosing Reception
l.29,30,No.No.41Page7 7PagePaternity, relatedness, & male socio-reproductive behavior in polyandrous wildred-bellied tamarins in Northwestern Bolivia - Final ReportSandra SuárezThis research combined geneticsand behavior to address questionsregarding paternity, relatedness, andsocio-reproductive behavior in wild,male red-bellied tamarins (Saguinuslabiatus labiatus) from Northwestern Bolivia. The genusSaguinus demonstrates extraordinaryvariability in social organization,with groups commonly containingonereproductivefemale andmore thanone adultmale (i.e.monogynouspolyandry).Genetic (10microsatellite loci for paternity andrelatedness analysis) andmorphological information (e.g.body size and weight, testis size, andage determining characteristics)collected from eight groups oftrapped S. labiatus (46 individuals)were combined with data on socioreproductive behavior collectedduring all-day follows of markedindividuals from three of thesegroups over a period of 18 months(at least one year per group) todetermine: a) to what extent matingand reproduction were polyandrousand monogynous in groups containing multiple adult males, b) theinteractions, relatedness, and shortterm reproductive success of coresident adult males, and c) theeffect of group composition uponthe com-petitive efficiency oftamarin groups.The data from this study builds onprevious data collected on wildtamarin body weight and size, testissize, group composition, dispersalpatterns, territory defense, parentalcare, mating, and the effects ofpredation and are complimented bydata on paternity and relatedness toaddress how male behavior relates topaternity and theadaptiveexplanations forthe evolution ofmonogynouspolyandry intamarins. Anarray ofbehavioral data,including scentmarking, mateguarding,aggression, mateproximity, andintergroup encounters, showinteresting patterns that demonstratemale responses to reproductiveopportunities and allude to a varietyof alternative reproductive tactics.The funding received from theAmerican Society of Primatologistsallowed a local resident toparticipate in the trapping andsampling of the study groups, aswell as in behavioral data collection.Mr. Nacimiento was a crucialmember of our research team. Hetaught us techniques in trappingprimates, while we were able toteach him techniques in animalhandling and marking, collectingmorphological measurements, sterilecollection of genetic samples, andthe proper storage of un-refrigeratedtissue and blood. Mr. Nacimientoalso built upon his experience incollecting behavioral data, learningnew ways to identify individuals,and the various types of data thatcan be collected to study socio-reproductive behavior. Mr.Nacimiento has since been active inother primate research projects andhas even trained other local residentsto be field guides. He will certainlycontinue to be a strong addition tothe primatological community, as henow resides adjacent to the field sitewhich is now a protected area and abiological station. ASP has providedsupport to help add to theknowledge and experience of a localprimate enthusiast andconservationist in Pando.
Page 8ASP Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1Continued from Page 1www.cellsciences.comhonoring Irwin Bernstein, and severalsessions in collaboration with theAssociation of Primate Veterinarians,among other paper sessions,symposia, and workshops. Theconference hotel (Hyatt Regency) isperfectly located to take advantage ofall of the coolness of San Antonio’sRiverwalk. Please make sure to stayat the Hyatt, since our meeting roomrental rates are dependent on thenumber of guest rooms our membersbook. See you in San Antonio inAugust.As you will have heard by now, wehave some money to fund studenttravel to the San Antonio meeting.The money will come from the GerryRuppenthal Student Travel Awardpool of funds that were donated toASP in honor of Gerry Ruppenthal, alifelong member of ASP and a truefriend to student members of ASP.Details concerning the dispensationof these funds are available on theASP website.As I have been doing regularly, Iwould like to take one finalopportunity to keep you up to dateon some of the progress related tothe International PrimatologicalSociety’s XXIst Congress (June25-30, 2006) in Entebbe, Uganda.As of today, we are just short of600 registrants for the Congress.We are still getting about 5 newregistrations per week, which isencouraging, considering we arealso getting about 2-3 cancelledregistrations per week. Congressregistration fees do not increaseagain until May 31, 2006, so if youare thinking about attending whatshould be an excellent Congress,please consider registering at yourearliest convenience. The complete scientific and social programs for the Congress are available on the website (http://cell sciencesprimateresearchproducts.Monkey Cytokine ELISA & ELISPOT KitsMonkey Cytokine Matched Antibody Pairs GM-CSF Granzyme B IFN-gamma IL-1beta IL-2 IL-4 IL-5 IL-6 IL-10 IL-12 p40 p70 IL-13 TNF-alphaSpecificity: rhesus macaque,cynomologus, baboon, pig-tailedmacaque, african green monkey,marmoset Note: Each kit is notspecific to all species. Check kitspecifications for exact data.Other monkey and chimpanzeespecific products are available.For thousands of proteins, antibodiesand kits plus downloadable technicaldata visit our web site or call toll free:888 769-1246Spring, 2006AMAZON.COMEARNINGS FOR ASPDon’t forget to use the ASPwebsite (www.asp.org) toorder from Amazon.comHere are our latest earnings:Fourth quarter referral fees: 76.05www.ips2006-uganda.org/), so have alook. If you have any questions,please feel free to contact me.Keep up the good work.Steve Schapirosschapir@mdanderson.orgCytokine CenterBrowse our web site with over1300 proteins, includingrecombinant cytokines, growthfactors, chemokines andneurotrophins. Daily shippingand competitive pricing areoffered. Bulk quantities of manyproteins available. Cell Sciencesalso carries correspondingantibodies and ELISA kits. Visitwww.CytokineCenter.comOr, call for a quote for a customproduction of your amino acidsequence (up to 100 a.a. in length).New - Rhesus Macaque Eotaxin(CCL11), Chemically SynthesizedChemokine is currently available in20 µg or 100 µg vial sizes.Cell Sciences480 Neponset Street, Bldg. 12ACanton, MA 02021 USATel: 781 828-0610 Fax: 781 828-0542email: info@cellsciences.com
l.29,30,No.No.41Page9 9PageASP Small Grant Research ReportThe role of female choice for regulation of infanticide in Hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus)Stanislav Lhota , Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, CzechRepublic Report compiled by: Martina Konen‡, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences,University of South Bohemia, Czech RepublicData on social grooming behaviorhave been collected by five observersin one all-male band and in oneharem troop. We have collected atotal of 888 grooming interactions(included female-female, femalemale and male-male). We haverecorded, besides individual identitiesand exact grooming times (inseconds, accounting for brakes), alsosequences of body parts beinggroomed (head, face, abdominalregion, back, hind limbs, forelimbs,tail).Two main problems wereinvestigated in this part of the study.First, the function of allogroomingwas tested. Two hypotheses weretaken into account: Hygienichypothesis and our alternativeDominance hypothesis. According toHygienic hypothesis, allogroomingshould be primarily directed on siteshardly accessible for autogroomingand allogrooming and autogroomingshould be complementary behaviorsin terms of distribution to body areas.According to our Dominancehypothesis subordinant and dominantgroomers should vary in avoiding ofventroventral grooming position(which is often followed byaggressive interaction, is more risky)and therefore should vary in chosengroomee body area. We found thatallogrooming was directed more tosites hardly accessible forallogrooming than to sites wellaccessible, but the amount ofallogrooming directed to differentbody sites was not negativelycorrelated with the amount ofallogrooming directed to same sites.Groomer-groomee dominancerelationships had no effect onallogrooming body distribution. Wefound that sex of the groomee hadsignificant effect on allogroomingbody distribution. Our results don’tunambiguously support or reject oneof these hypotheses. Conclusionsabout the mechanisms of body areachoosing in allogrooming cannot bemade only on the basis ofallogrooming body allocation itself,but the effect of various socialrelations of the groomer andgroomee should be taken intoaccount.Second, The Biological MarketTheory was tested on data set fromall-male band wheresufficient allogroomingand aggressiveinteractions have beenrecorded (287allogrooming bouts, 95aggressive interactions).The main question wasif grooming in Hanuman langursmales serves as a commodity interms of the biological markettheory and what is traded for.Our results suggest that groomingin langur males is traded mainly forgrooming; grooming is closelyconnected to the tolerance (eitherby the trade of grooming fortolerance or by avoiding groomingaggressive partners, or both) andthat dominance relationships didn’tinfluence the distribution ofallogrooming in the all male band.The results could be well explainedin terms of Biological markettheory.Personality assessmentData for this topic were recordedby four observers on one all-maleband. This group contains 30 adultindividuals, 26 of them beingidentified and individuallyrecognized by all observers. Datacollection occurred between 7 a.m.and 5 p.m. The tendency was tocollect behavioral data for eachindividual equally during the day.The total 341 hours of Focal AnimalSampling record have been collectedusing previously prepared ethogram(containing 50 defined behaviors).After finishing of all behavioralobservation, observers ratedpersonalityof s),based onFive Factormodel ofhumanpersonalityand prepared before thebeginning ofthe fieldproject.The main aim of this part of theproject was to acquire two models ofperson-ality, each based on differentdata set, but analyzed with samemethod – principal componentanalysis (PCA); and evaluate theirrelationship. Attention was also paidto methodological issues asadvantages and disadvantages ofapplication of both methods in thefield work or inter-rater reliability.The PCA of behavioral indicesrevealed 7 personality dimensions:Dominance, Sociability, Maturity,Stability, Activity, Alertness andAdolescence. The PCA of subjectiveratings revealed 3 personality
Page 10ASP Bulletin Vol. 30, No. 1revealed relationship between thesetwo models.The results suggest that Dominanceand Extroversion (or Activity) aretraits, which are the easiest forassessment by relativelyinexperienced observers withsatisfactory inter-observer reliability.Strong correlation between thesetraits of both models validatedassessment of Dominance andExtroversion of the questionnairebased model.In summary, behavioral observationanalysis validated use of thequestionnaire technique, with severalrecommendations concerningduration of the previous knowledgeof subjects by the observers andstructure of applied questionnaire.Last but not least, large data set onvarious behavior of Hanuman langurwas obtained. Behavioral profiles ofdominants and subordinates wereanalyzed and lead to interestingfindings e.g. differences infrequency and duration of definedbehaviors.Play behaviorTwo observers have collected thetotal of 50 hours of video record ofplay behavior in langur infants andjuveniles from a harem troop. Therecord was analyzed and ethogramof playing behavior was compiled.All the recognized componentswere classified according to predesigned criteria to evaluate theirdegree of ritualization and the selfhandicapping modes. Main aim wasto test several hypotheses concerning general function of play withfocus on self-handicapping duringthe play. Four playing behaviors,frequent in record, were chosenaccording to criteria of self-handicapping (e.g. head rotation). Twomain hypotheses were tested to* Auction * Action * Auction *Spring, 2006reveal their function in animal play.According to “Training for unexpected” hypothesis self-handicappedbehaviors should be very variableand serve for randomizing situations.Other possible explanation is communication; in that case self-handicapped behaviors should serve asplaying signals and so on they wouldbe ritualized and thus not variable.Further they should be present onlyin social play dyads. Detailedanalyses of the four chosen playingbehaviors revealed high variabilityin their performance and presence inboth social and solitary play. So the“Training for unexpected” hypothesis was well supported rather thancommunication meaning of selfhandicapped behaviors. Comparisonwith data we have collected for othermonkey specie
marketing program, a development that will help us sell more copies of the upcoming books in the series, but perhaps just as importantly, more copies of the books that we have already produced (and paid for). Secondly, Elsevier/Academic Press is committed to making all volumes of the Book Series available electronically. Again, this
Spring Volume 22 Number 3 Summer Volume 22 Number 3 Convention Volume 23 Number 1 1988 Winter Volume 23 Number 2 Spring Volume 23 Number 3 Summer . Spring Summer Fall 2015 Winter Spring Summer Fall 2016 Winter Spring Summer Fall 2017 Winter Spring Summer Fall 2018 Winter Spring Summer Fall . Author: Joan Thomas
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1) Explain the term ‘Spring Boot’. It is a Spring module that offers Rapid Application Development to Spring framework. Spring module is used to create an application based on Spring framework which requires to configure few Spring files. 2) Mention some advantages of Spring Boot Here are som
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