2006 HIGHWAY SUFFICIENCY RATINGS - NYSDOT Home

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2016PavementDataReportNew York State Department of TransportationRegion 8

CONTENTSIntroduction . iLocation / Identification . iiPhysical Characteristics . iiiTraffic Information . vCondition Information . vOther Data . ixGlossary . xiRegion/County Abbreviations . xiiNew York State Parkways by Jurisdiction . xiiiNotes for the New York State Thruway . xivPavement Data Report . 1This report was prepared by Pavement Data Services, New York State Department of Transportation. Inquiries or requests for informationshould be directed to: Pavement Data Services, NYSDOT, 50 Wolf Road POD 42, Albany, New York 12232 (518-457-1965). A pdf file ofthis report is available for download from the Pavement Management page of the Department’s website at www.nysdot.gov. Hardcopies of the report are no longer created.

2016 Pavement Data Reportfor New York State HighwaysINTRODUCTIONThe New York State Department of Transportation, in cooperationwith the U.S. Department of Transportation, collects a variety ofinformation used to assess the condition of highway pavements andto describe the physical characteristics of roadways. Since 1981, awindshield survey has been used to assign a pavement surfacerating (using a 1 to 10 rating scale) to describe the severity andextent of pavement surface distress for each segment of highway.The windshield survey also is used to inventory the physicalcharacteristics of the roadway, such as pavement type, shoulderwidth, and number of lanes. The surface rating survey is conductedannually throughout the summer on 100 percent of the State TouringRoute, Reference Route and the New York State Thruway systems.The Touring Route system consists of numbered highways that areowned by the State, and certain roads not owned by the State butsigned as Touring Route highways for continuity in driving. TheReference Route system (commonly called “900 Routes” because oftheir numbering convention) is comprised of roads usually owned bythe State but are not part of the signed route system. Thesehighways are typically parkways, service roads, roads no longer partof the Touring Route due to realignment, and various other roadsunder State ownership. The Thruway system, which includes the I-87and I-90 mainline and several spurs (Garden State ParkwayConnector, the Berkshire Spur, and portions of I-95, I-287 and I-190)is not considered part of the Touring Route, but is integrated in thisReport for completeness and convenient reference. Additionaldiscussion of the Thruway system can be found in the Appendix.Special Note: I-86 / Route 17 – The conversion of State Route 17 toInterstate 86 from the Pennsylvania State Line to I-87 in RocklandCounty (421 miles) has progressed as follows:1999 PA State Line to Exit 48 in Steuben County2006 Exit 75 to Exit 79 in Broome County2007 Exit 48 in Steuben County to Exit 56 in Chemung CountyIn this Report and the associated data files, the Route 17 sectionsare listed as an overlap with Route I-86 where the conversions haveoccurred.The Department also collects ride quality (IRI), rut depth andfault/bump height data, and roadway geometric properties such asradius of curve, cross slope and grade. This data is collectedannually on the Interstates, including the Thruway, and about everytwo to three years on the remainder of the highway network. Thisreport presents the most recent pavement condition and roadwayinventory information available for the reporting year.A description of the information contained in the various columns ofthis report is presented below. Following the column descriptions is alist of some items included in the Pavement Data Extract electronicfile but not included in this report due to space limitations.i

LOCATION / IDENTIFICATION3. County Name (Cnty Name)The three letter abbreviated county name in which the highwaysection is contained appears in this column. Please refer to theGlossary for the definitions of the abbreviations.1. Route Number (Route No.)The Route Number contains from one to three numerals and,where required, one alphabetic suffix. Some Route Numbers arepreceded by ‘US’ for a national route, ‘NY’ for a state route. TheGlossary contains additional descriptions of this field.4. Region & County Identification (Reg/Cnty)The region/county numbers are the one-digit DOT region alphanumeric code with the specific one-digit county numeric codewhich has been assigned to each county, in alphabetic orderwithin that region. For example, Essex County is identified as 12(second county in Region 1). It should be noted that since theregion code is a one-digit code, Region 10 and Region 11 aredesignated as “0” and “N”, respectively.2. QualifierOccasionally more than one roadway shares the same US Routenumber and signing, where one is the "official" route and theothers serve specialized purposes. To distinguish between theroutes, the route number signing is "qualified" by a specialdesignation such as “Business” or “Truck.” Qualifiers are rare inNew York State. An example is the combination of US Route 62and US Route 62 Business. These are two separate routes withthe "Business" qualifier creating the distinction between the two.The route signing qualifier codes used in this report are:CodeDescription1No Qualifier2Alternate3Business Route4Bypass Business5Spur6Loop7Proposed8Temporary9Truck Route10None of the above5. County Order (Located on first record of each county)The county order identification is a two-digit code that is part ofthe location referencing system. It is 01 at the beginning of aroute in the county in which the route originates and increases byone each time the route crosses a county line, whether it isentering the county for the first time or has previously traversedthat county. When a county line is crossed, the mileage reportedon the route is re-zeroed at that point. Therefore, with everycounty order change, there will be a re-zeroing of the routemileage.6. Primary EMP (End Milepoint)The End Milepoint is the length of the route in miles from thebeginning of the route or the last county line crossed to thespecified location, traveling in the primary direction.7. Reverse BMP (Reverse Milepoint)The Reverse Milepoint is the length of the route in miles from theend of the route or the last county line crossed to the specifiedlocation, traveling in the reverse direction.ii

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS8. End Reference Marker (End Reference Marker)1. Segment Length (Segment Lgth)Reference markers are small roadside signs used to mark aspecific location along a highway. These markers consist of agreen shield with three rows containing up to four characters oneach row. The first row lists the route number when the routewas first designated (reference marker characters do not changeeven if the route number is changed). The second row containsthe region/county numbers and the county order number. Thethird row contains the control segment number and the first threedigits of the end milepoint, expressed in tenths of a mile, for thatcontrol segment. The control segment is no longer used in theDepartment’s linear reference system, but the control segmentbreaks (at city boundaries) remain part of the historical referencemarker designation. The reference marker legends listed in thiscolumn represent the reference marker nearest to the end of therespective section.The segment length is the length of the individual segmentexpressed in miles and hundredths of a mile.2. Total Number of Travel Lanes (Total Lanes)Listed in this column is the number of travel lanes present on theroadway in both directions, not including turning lanes,acceleration / deceleration lanes or shoulders.3. Number of Roadways (Roadways)A roadway is considered divided, and therefore two roadways, ifit has a flush median wider than four feet, another type of median(see Median Type) or a distinct separation between the traveldirections such as one-way streets through a city.9. State Highway Number (SH No.)CodeThe state highway number is usually the contract number underwhich a section of highway was originally built, or the numberassigned to a section of highway upon takeover by theDepartment from another political subdivision. The newest SHnumbers are a sequential number by year (e.g., 2008-1). If theroute is on a city or village street, county or town road, parkwayor toll bridge, the following abbreviations are used:Abbreviation12City StreetVILSTVillage StreetCORDCounty RoadTNRDTown RoadPKWAYParkwayBRIDGEBridgeUndivided roadwayDivided roadway4. Paved Shoulder Width (Paved Shldr Width)The paved shoulder width is the width of the paved areaimmediately outside (to the right) of the white fog line on thepavement. Paved areas of one foot or less are considered to bea paved shoulder width of zero. The area outside the paved areais described by the Roadside Type code below.DescriptionCTYSTNumber of Roadways5. Roadside Type (Roadside Type)The Roadside Type describes the type of surface immediatelyoutside the edge of the paved shoulder. A roadside type notrequiring mowing is one that is not intended to supportvegetation, such as a sidewalk, brick paver or other treatedsurface. If the shoulder material supports the growth ofvegetation, it is designated as “mowing.”iii

8. Subbase Type (Subbase)A stabilized roadside has been treated by some type of manmade intervention (treated gravel/sand mixtures, etc.), whereasan unstabilized roadside is predominantly loose or naturallyplaced materials.CodeRoadside Type0Curbed, mowing123456Curbed, no mowingGutter, mowingGutter, no mowingStabilized, mowingStabilized, no mowingUnstabilized, mowing78Unstabilized, no mowingNoneThe subbase is the part of the pavement structure lying directlybelow the asphalt or concrete layers.Code7Other (bridges, culverts, etc.)The Functional Classificationcharacteristics of the highway.CodeThe Pavement Width is the sum of the width in feet of all travellanes in both directions, and the width of all turning lanes andacceleration/deceleration lanes. Not included are the PavedShoulder Width and/or Median Width.7. Pavement Type (Pvmnt Type)The pavement type describes the general pavement structureusing the codes listed below.UAOCBNatural soil, unimprovedNatural soil, graded and drainedSelected soils (not gravel or rock) 12"or lessSelected soils (not gravel or rock) over 12"Gravel, stone, etc. (12" or less)Gravel, stone, etc. (over 12")9. Functional Classification (Funct Class)6. Pavement Width (Pvmnt Width)CodeSubbase Type123456UnpavedAsphalt (Flexible)Overlay (Asphalt over Concrete)Concrete (Rigid)Brick or BlockivthefunctionalFunctional class - Rural01020607Rural Principal Arterial InterstateRural Principal Arterial OtherRural Minor ArterialRural Major Collector0809Rural Minor CollectorRural LocalCodePavement TypedescribesFunctional Class - Urban11121416Urban Principal Arterial InterstateUrban Principal Arterial - Freeway or ExpresswayUrban Principal Arterial OtherUrban Minor Arterial1719Urban CollectorUrban Local

TRAFFIC INFORMATION1. Surface Rating (Rating)Since 1981, the severity and extent of distress has beenassessed using a windshield survey to assign a surface ratingand dominant distress to each highway segment. The surfacerating is a 1-10 scale where "1" is the worst and "K" or "10" isthe best. Photographic and verbal scales are used toensue consistency between Regions and repeatability overtime. In general, surface ratings may be categorized as follows:1. Annual Average Daily Traffic Volumes - Two Way (AADT)The two-way AADT for each section is shown in this column. TheAADT volumes in this report represent 2015 traffic data(traffic data typically lags one year behind this report). Foradditional information concerning traffic data, contact TrafficMonitoring at (518) 457-1965.Rating9-10(K)Values appearing in italics are derived from a past year estimateor a projection. Otherwise, the traffic volume shown is an actualtraffic count for the segment from the year 2015.2. Percentage of Trucks (% Trucks)Shown in the report is the percentage of trucks using the sectionof highway.3. Volume/Capacity Ratio (V/C Ratio)ConditionExcellentDescriptionNo significant surface distress7-8GoodSurface distress beginning to show61-5FairPoorSurface distress is clearly visibleDistress is frequent and severeUUnderConstructionNot rated due to ongoing workTechnical documentation of the surface rating process, detaileddescriptions of each scale value and a discussion of data qualityassurance procedures are available upon request.The ability of a highway facility to serve present traffic volume isstated as the volume/capacity (V/C) ratio. The V/C ratiopresented in this publication is the highway section's one-waydesign hour volume divided by its one-way adjusted ratedcapacity.Listed in the Surface Ratings columns of this report are thesurface ratings for the current year (in bold text), and the ratingsfor the previous four years to provide a view of the recent ratingtrend.CONDITION INFORMATION2. Ride Quality Data (IRI)Beginning in 2003, pavement ride quality data in the form of theInternational Roughness Index (IRI) has been collected using acombination of contracted and in-house resources. Startingin 2014, IRI is collected annually in the pimary direction on allNYS Touring Route and Reference Route systems highwaysand collected in the reverse direction only on NHS highways every2 years. By convention, data is collected in the right hand travellane, except in Region 11 (NYC). In Region 11 for roadways with3 or more lanes, data is collected in the second lane in an attemptThe condition of the pavement on each highway segment isdetermined by assessing several factors, including: the surfacerating and dominant distress, ride quality, rutting and faulting.Each of these factors describes a particular aspect of pavementperformance. The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) combinesthese individual factors into a single value to describe the overallpavement condition. A brief description of each factor appearsbelow:v

to avoid interference with entering and exiting traffic. IRIvalues may be categorized as follows:IRI Scale (in/mi) 60Shown in this column are the number of bumps 0.1 inch orgreater within the specified segment of highway as detected bythe automated profiling equipment.DescriptionVery Smooth61 – 120Smooth121 – 170Fair171 – 220Rough 2205. Number of Bumps (No. Bumps)6. Dominant Distress (Dominant Distress)A dominant distress is defined as a specific distress symptomwhich will trigger a treatment strategy more extensive than thetreatment recommended by the surface rating alone. Thedominant distresses are related to the pavement type. Thefollowing describes the dominant distresses identified as part ofthe windshield surface rating procedure:Very RoughThe IRI data reported in this publication is originally collected on0.01 mile increments. The 0.01 mile values within each highwaysegment are combined using a weighted average for reportingby segment. IRI is calculated using the “Quarter Car Model,” withbridges and railroad crossings included in the reported values.Data corrupted by slow collection speed or construction eventsaffecting the pavement surface are replaced with "0" value.Contact the Pavement Management Unit for more information onthe International Roughness Index and its uses.Faulting (F) - Faulting is the vertical displacement ofslabs at transverse joints and mid-slab cracks creatingformation in the pavement surface. Faulted pavementsjarring ride when crossed. Faulting may be identifiedPortland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements.abuttinga "step"cause aonly onSpalling, Isolated (Si) or General (Sg)- Spalling may occur atPCC joints and mid-slab cracks due to excessive compressivestresses shattering the concrete, or randomly over the surface ofa slab when corrosion of the reinforcing mesh causes popouts inthe concrete surface. The extent of the distress is described as“isolated” or “general:” isolated when the spalling occurs on lessthan 20% of the slabs or joints, and general when more than20% of the slabs or joints are affected. The severity of thedistress is inferred from the surface rating. Spalling may beidentified only on Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) pavements.3. Pavement Rut Depth (Rut)The reported rut depth is the maximum average value measuredwithin the specified segment of highway for either the right or leftwheel path. The measure is collected by an automated scanninglaser system that measures over 1,000 points across the laneevery 6.5 feet of travel. Rut depths are reported in 0.1 inchincrements. The data user is responsible to apply additionaldefining parameters (such as minimum length of rut) as may bespecified by the most current AASHTO or ASTM protocols.Alligator Cracking, Isolated (Ai) or General (Ag) - Alligatorcracking is load-related distress and therefore may be noted onlywhen it occurs in the wheelpaths. Initially, the distress mayappear as a single crack in the wheelpath. As the distressincreases in severity and extent, the cracks will becomeinterconnected, forming a series of small polygons resembling analligator's hide. The extent of the distress is described as“isolated” or “general:” isolated when less than 20% of the length4. Average Bump Height (Avg Bump Height)Automated profiling equipment is used to measure the averagebump (fault) height for each 0.01 mile segment. The weightedaverage of these values is reported for each specified segmentin this report. Bump heights are reported in 0.1 inch increments.vi

10. Work Type (Work Type)of the segment contains the distress and general when 20%or more of the length of the segment is affected. The severityof the distress is inferred from the surface rating. Alligatorcracking may be identified only in the wheelpaths of Overlaid orFlexible pavement types.Work type codes are used to describe the type of work done ona pavement. The codes are intended to be detailed to allow thepavement management system to track the performance of eachtreatment type over time. New codes can and should be addedwhen new work types are identified. The following codes areused to describe the type of work:Widening Drop-off, Low Severity (Wl) or High Severity (Wh) Widening drop-off occurs when PCC slabs are overlaid andwidened with asphalt. The asphalt overlay may crack and settleat the edge of the underlying slab and create a verticaldisplacement. It is common to have secondary or multiplecracking in the asphalt overlay along the underlying slab edge.This type of cracking should not be confused with alligator (loadrelated) cracking even though it often occurs in the wheelpathdue to unfortunate geometrics. Widening Drop-off is classified aslow severity when the crack at the dropoff becomes moderate inseverity, and high severity when the crack is moderate to severeand a significant height differential is detectable. Widening dropoff may be identified only on Overlaid pavements.Code1Single course hot mix asphalt overlay, 1" - 1½".2Two course hot mix asphalt overlay, 2" - 3".3Three course hot mix asphalt overlay, 4" - 6". Notethat the thicknesses given for single, two and threecourse overlays are to be used as a guide only. Forexample, if a two course overlay was placed a total of4” thick, then it would be coded as a 2, not a 3.4Mill and Fill: The top course is removed and replacedwith essentially no change in final thickness.5Mill and Fill: The top course is removed and replacedand an additional overlay is added.6Cold-In-Place Recycling with single course overlay.CIPR is a process in which a portion of an existingbituminous pavement is milled, the reclaimed materialis mixed with new binder and, in some instances,virgin aggregates. The resultant blend is used as abase for a subsequent overlay.7Cold-In-Place Recycling with multiple course overlay.8Crack and Seat Pavement Rehabilitation: The slabs ofan existing concrete pavement are broken into smallerpieces (but not to rubble) and the pavement isoverlaid with one or more courses of hot mix asphalt.7. Pavement Condition Index (PCI)The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) combines surface rating,dominant distress, ride quality, rut depth and faulting into a singlevalue to represent a broader assessment of pavement condition.The PCI is calculated by starting with a perfect score of 100 andsubtracting deduction points for each distress based on thedistress type and severity. A separate publication is availablethat describes the details for the calculation of PCI.8. Year of Last Crack Seal (Yr Last Crack Seal)Shown in this column is the 4-digit year when the last crack sealwas applied to a highway pavement segment.9. Year of Last Work (Yr Last Work)Shown in this column is the year in which the latest pavementwork (most likely one of the Work Types below) was performedon the highway section.viiWork Type

Code910121314Work TypeCodePavement Reconstruction by Rubblizing. An existingconcrete pavement is reduced to rubble and a newpavement structure, either HMA or PCC, isconstructed on top.1820Pavement Construction and Reconstruction: Newpavement on new alignment, or the existing pavementis completely removed and a new pavement structureis built.21Permanent Pavement Repairs on asphalt pavement,or on concrete pavement without diamond grinding:Includes partial depth replacement, occasional fulldepth replacement, permanent spall/pothole repair,joint repair; does not include temporary “throw and go”pothole patching.Concrete Pavement Restoration (CPR): permanentpavement repairs with diamond grinding, includingpartial and full depth replacement, dowel bar retrofit,cross stitching and other permanent joint and spallrepairs.Surface Treatment, Chip Seal / Oil and Stone: A thintreatment where a pavement surface is sprayed withasphalt and then immediately covered with aggregateand rolled.15Slurry Seal: A mixture of slow setting emulsifiedasphalt, well graded fine aggregate, mineral filler andwater.16Microsurfacing: A mixture of polymer modified asphaltemulsion, mineral aggregate, mineral filler, water andother additives, mixed and spread with a paver.17Paver Placed Surface Treatment (Nova Chip): Finegraded hot mix usually placed at very hightemperatures, and includes admixtures such asrubber and other chemicals.6.3 mm Overlay: Hot mix asphalt with small aggregatethat is placed 1” thick or less.Multi-course saw and seal: Two or more courses ofhot mix asphalt are placed on an existing pavement;saw cuts are made on the pavement surface over thelocations of underlying joints or transverse cracks andthen sealed with crack sealant.Single Course Overlay with Truing & Leveling: A thinscratch course is placed prior to the hot mix overlay toreestablish pavement profile and cross slope.24Hot-in-Place Recycling: A recycling process thatsoftens the existing asphalt with heat, remixes theasphalt with new material as needed and replaces theasphalt on the pavement.25White Topping (bonded concrete overlay on asphalt):A relatively thin (4”-6”) layer of PCC is placed on topof existing asphalt pavement.26Unbonded Concrete Overlay: A new concrete overlayplaced directly on top of an existing concretepavement.27Bonded Concrete Overlay: A new concrete pavementconstructed over an existing concrete pavement, witha flexible (asphalt) interlayer.283435viiiWork TypeGrinding Only: Usually performed on PCC, but can beused on asphalt pavement as well to improve ridequality.Mill and Fill w/ Joint Repair: Top course removed, PCCjoints repaired when required, and top course replacedwith essentially no change in final thickness.Multi-Layer Mill and Fill w/ Joint Repair: Top courseremoved, PCC joints repaired when required, andtop course replaced and additional layer(s) placed.88Unknown.99Other Treatments not fitting into another Work Type.This could include anything from shim courses, rutfilling without overlay, etc.

Last Overlay Thickness The thickness of the last overlay basedon an assumption from the Work Type unless more definiteinformation is available.OTHER DATAPG Binder The assumed PG binder used in the asphalt mixbased on geographic location.This section contains a list of data items contained in thePavement Data Extract electronic file but because of spacelimitations are not published in this report. More detaileddescriptions of this information are contained in the NYSDOTNetwork Level Pavement Condition Assessment manual,available from Pavement Data Services.Base Layer The additional permeable drainage material usedbetween the pavement layer and the sub-base.Median Type A description of the device or area that separatesthe travel directions.GIS Route Code The concatenation of the Route designation,Region-County code and County Order.Median Width The actual median width in feet as observed inthe field.Route Signing Identifies the type of route classification of thehighway, such as Interstate, US route, New York route, county,town, etc.Longitudinal Grade The maximum grade (vertical slope) of thehighway within the specified highway segment.Begin/End Description A referenced location or landmarkassociated with the begin/end milepoint of a segment.Radius The minimum radius of curve occurring within thesegment.GPS Coordinates The UTM X-Y coordinates at the endmilepoint of each rating segment.Area The extent of land development in the area through whichthe roadway passes.Date/Time Stamp The date and time the segment was rated.Culture The type of community in which the highway passes.Residency The DOT residency to which the highway segment isassigned for maintenance responsibility.Passing Sight Distance The actual passing sight distance asdetermined by pavement markings in the direction traveled.Number of Travel Lanes – Primary The number of travel lanesin the Primary (northbound or eastbound) direction.Parking The percentage of available parking along the segmentof highway.Pavement Width – Primary The total width of pavement in thePrimary direction, including travel lanes, turning lanes andacceleration/deceleration lanes.Highway Access Control The type of entrance control on thehighway.National Highway System An interconnected system of highpriority routes.Pavement Layer Type The general pavement structure.Pavement Layer Thickness The thickness of the totalpavement layer above the subbase.Owning Jurisdiction The owner of the highway.ix

Maintenance Jurisdictionmaintaining the highway.TheagencyresponsibleforAdjusted Rated Capacity A calculation to estimate the capacityof a highway segment.Overlap Number A numeric designation for overlapping routeswhich identifies all the segments of all routes contributing to aparticular overlap.Maximum Bump Height The maximum bump occurring in thesegment.Right/Left Wheelpath Maximum Rut Depth The maximum rutdepth measured in the segment for each wheelpath.Route Overlap Status Identifies the segments of lowerhierarchy (secondary) routes that overlap with a higher levelState route.Surface Scores SS 1 – SS 10 Surface Ratings for each of theprior 10 years.Actual % Trucks Percent of the AADT volume that are trucksas determined from the most recent classification count for thestation associated with the segment.Posted Speed The posted speed limit for the highway segment.Average % Trucks Percent of the AADT volume that are trucksbased on the regional Functional Class average.DOT ID A unique identification number for each route orroadway in the highway inventory.Actual Percent Year The year in which a classification countwas taken.GIS ID Code used for GIS; comprised of the DOT ID plusCounty Order added as a suffix.Tandem Truck Designation Describes access restrictions fortractor trailer combinations greater than 65 feet, tandem trailersand other specified large truck–trailer combinations.Station The traffic count station number associated with thesegment.Couplet ID Identifies segments that are part of a couplet.Design Hour Volume, One Way The peak direction of thethirtieth highest hourly two-way traffic volume for the currentyear.x

GLOSSARYParkways are legislatively designated highways with specialoperating and physical characteristics, most notably therestriction of all trucks, buses and other large vehicles, andcommonly, additional attention to aesthetic features such asmountable curbs, grassy areas and special visual featureson bridges. The route numbers used to designate parkwaysare similar to those used for reference routes except that thethird character of the route number is a 7, 8 or 9. A list of theparkways and their ownership and maintenanceresponsibility is provided at the end of the Glossary.Touring route numbers are assigned to highways by eitherthe federal or state governments for use by the motoringpublic (for example, US Route 20 or NY Route 5). Theseroutes are generally state owned and NYSDOT maintained,although some sections may be owned and/or maintained byother state agencies or local governments.Reference routes are generally state owned, Department ofTransportation maintained highways without assignedtouring route numbers. For record keeping purposes theseroutes are assigned a four character alpha/numericdesignation. The first character is 9, the second characterdesignates the NYSDOT Region, the third character is anumeric from 0 through 6, and the fourth character isalphabetic.Service Roads primary function to collect and distribut

9. State Highway Number (SH No.) The state highway number is usually the contract number under which a section of highway was originally built, or the number assigned to a section of highway upon takeover by the Department from another political subdivision. The newest SH numbers are a sequential number by year (e.g., 2008-1). If the

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