November 2017 Life Sciences P1 Marking Guideline

NATIONALSENIOR CERTIFICATEGRADE 10NOVEMBER 2017LIFE SCIENCES P1MARKING GUIDELINEMARKS:150This marking guideline consists of 9 pages.

2LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES1.If more information than marks allocated is givenStop marking when maximum marks are reached and put a wavy line andwrite ‘max.’ in the right-hand margin.2.If, for example, three reasons are required and five are givenMark the first three irrespective of whether all or some arecorrect/incorrect.3.If whole process is given when only a part of it is requiredRead all and credit the relevant parts.4.If comparisons are asked for but descriptions are givenAccept if the differences/similarities are clear.5.If tabulation is required but paragraphs are givenCandidates will lose marks for not tabulating.6.If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are requiredCandidates will lose marks.7.If flow charts are given instead of descriptionsCandidates will lose marks.8.If sequence is muddled and links do not make senseWhere sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and linksare incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links become correct again,resume credit.9.Non-recognised abbreviationsAccept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit theunrecognised abbreviation, but credit the rest of the answer if correct.10.Wrong numberingIf answer fits into the correct sequence of questions but the wrong numberis given, it is acceptable.Copyright reservedPlease turn over

(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)11.3LIFE SCIENCES P1If language used changes the intended meaningDo not accept.12.Spelling errorsIf recognisable, accept the answer, provided it does not mean somethingelse in Life Sciences or if it is out of context.13.If common names are given in terminologyAccept, provided it was accepted at the provincial memo discussionmeeting.14.If only the letter is asked for, but only the name is given (and vice versa)Do not credit.15.If units are not given in measurementsCandidates will lose marks. Memorandum will allocate marks for unitsseparately.16.Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in adifferent way.17.CaptionAll illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption.18.Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)A single word or two that appear(s) in any official language other than thelearner's assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/heranswers should be credited, if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in therelevant official language should be consulted. This is applicable to all officiallanguages.19.Changes to the memorandumNo changes must be made to the memoranda without consulting theprovincial internal moderator.Copyright reservedPlease turn over

4LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)SECTION AQUESTION 1.8B C B C D A A A (8 x 2)(16)1.2.11.2.21.2.31.2.41.2.51.2.61.2.7Sodium Denaturation Protoplasm Leucoplasts Epidermal / Epidermis Immunity Guttation (7 x 2)(14)1.3.11.3.21.3.31.3.41.3.51.3.61.3.7B only None B only B only None A only Both A and B (7 x 2)(14)1.4.1Speed up chemical reactions without being used up in thereaction. 1.4.21.4.3-(2)Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins. Helps to work on breaking down blood, egg and gravy stainsthat are protein in nature. 5: glucose 6: glucose (2)TOTAL SECTION A:Copyright reserved(2)50Please turn over

5LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)SECTION BQUESTION 22.12.1.12.1.22.1.3B: cytoplasm E: nucleoplasm (a)D (b)A (c)H/I 2.2.22.2.32.2.4(Any 2 x 1)(2) 1.2.3.2.2.1(3)- Rod shaped - Surrounded by a double membrane - Inner membranous projections called cristae 2.1.52.2(2)Plant cellCell wall present Plastids present Large vacuolesAnimal Cell1. No cell wall present 2. No plastids present 3. Small or no vacuolesAny 2 reasons (2 x 2)1 mark for table(5)(4 x 1)(4)(Any 3 x 1)(3)- Growth: Increase in size of the organism - Replacement of dead cells - Responsible for asexual reproduction in certain plants andanimals - Repairs damaged tissues (Any 2 x 1)(2)Animal cellCytokinesis occurs through aconstriction / invagination ofthe cell membrane, and two cellsare formed(2)A:B:C:D:Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase -Spindle fibres contract Two chromatids pull apart to opposite sides of the cell (poles) Chromosomes split at the centromere Copyright reservedPlant cellCytokinesis occurs throughthe formation of a cell plate from the centre of a cell anddivides the cell into twoPlease turn over

6LIFE SCIENCES P12.2.5(a)(b)2.3 2.3.12.3.22.3.32.4 2.4.12.4.2- Smoking - Radiation - Hormonal imbalances - Viruses - Exposure to certain chemicals and pollutants (Any reasonable answer)(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)(Any 3 x 1)Chemotherapy / Surgery / Radiotherapy (2)1 – Cuticle - Transparent, allows light to enter - Prevents water loss -Cells are cylindrical Thick walls impregnated with lignin Large lumen Long tubes with bores No cell contents (dead cells) - Cross walls are perforated / absent (1)(Any 1 x 1)(1)(Any 3 x 1)(3)7,8 g -(1)Storage of energy Make up part of cell membranes Component of chromosomes Enzymes are proteins, control chemical reactions in organisms Hormones are proteins that control growth and development (Any 2 x 1)2.4.3Yes. Low level of saturated fat in relation to total fat content. 2.4.3Amount of sodium in one sausage 380 mg (0,38 g)Amount of sodium in three sausages 3 x 380 mg / (3 x 0,38) 1 140 mg / (1,14 g)Copyright reserved(3)(2)(2)(2)[40]Please turn over

7LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)QUESTION 33.13.1.13.1.2- Movement: Skeleton with attached muscles allows formovement - Protection: Protects internal organs of the body - Storage of minerals: Various minerals such as calcium storedby the bones - Framework: Gives body shape (Any 2 x 1)(2)A and B (2)3.1.31 mark diagram1 mark caption3 marks labels(5)Synovial joint3.1.4G 3.1.5(a)Biceps and triceps (2)(b)Protein (2)(c)- Muscles work in opposition to each other (antagonistic)- When one contracts the other relaxes OR(biceps contract, triceps relax) (3)It will prevent the straightening of the arm.(1)(d)3.2(1)3.1.6Osteoporosis, Rickets of Arthritis 3.2.1Potometer (1)3.2.2- Ensure that twig fits securely into rubber stopper. Seal withVaseline - Cut the stem underwater to prevent air bubbles forming inxylem. - Cut stem at an angle to ensure no damage to xylem. (Any 1 x 2)(2)The speed of movement of the air bubble will be greatlyreduced. Vaseline prevents transpiration at the ventralsurfaces by blocking the stomata. (3)3.2.3Copyright reserved(Any 2 x 1)(2)Please turn over

8LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)3.2.4To allow it to acclimatise to the environment.3.2.5As the temperature increases the transpiration rate willincrease (1)ORAs the temperature increases the transpiration rate willdecrease ORChange of temperature will have NO effect on the rate oftranspiration 3.2.6(2)(a)Transpiration rate (1)(b)Temperature (1)3.2.7Rate of TranspirationGraph to illustrate the effect of temperature ontranspiration ature CRubric: graphType of graphHeading for graphCorrect scale X-axis and Y-axisCorrect label X and Y-axisPlotting of valuesJoining of points3.2.81 1 1 1 2 1 (7)- As the temperature increases the rate of transpirationincreases to an optimum temperature- The transpiration rate then starts to decrease. (2)[40]TOTAL SECTION B:Copyright reserved80Please turn over

9LIFE SCIENCES P1(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)SECTION CQUESTION 44.1What stem cells are- Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to form any cell or tissue in the body(Max. 3)(3)Where stem cells are harvested from- Stems cells from embryonic tissue - Stems cells from foetal tissue (Max. 2)(2)Uses of stem cells- Replace neurons damaged by injuries to the spinal cord - Produce insulin that could treat people with diabetes - Replace heart muscle cells that could repair damage after aheart attack - Portion of bone marrow collected Bone marrow transplants (Any 2 x 2)(4)Arguments for stem cell research- Embryos only small amounts of undifferentiated tissue- Embryos will be destroyed anyway - Stems cells harvested from cord blood does not destroy the embryo (Max. 4)(4)Arguments against stem cell research- Using stem cells for research, embryos are living organisms unacceptable to destroy them - Destruction of embryos is immoral. Against moral and religiousBeliefs.(Max. 4)(4)Content:Synthesis:(17)(3)ASSESSING THE PRESENTATION OF ESSAYCriterionRelevance (R)Logical sequence (L)All information provided isrelevant to the topicIn thisessayIdeas arranged in alogical/cause-effectsequenceOnly information relating to Logical sequence ofthe definition of stem cells, events in descriptionhow they are harvested,of stem cells, howuses and ethical issuesthey are harvested,(There is no irrelevantand the ethical issuesinformation.)associated with themMark11Comprehensive(C)Answered allaspects requiredby the essayIncludes sufficientinformation on allaspects1TOTAL SECTION C:GRAND TOTAL:Copyright reserved20150Please turn over

3.2.5 As the temperature increases the transpiration rate will increase OR As the temperature increases the transpiration rate will decrease OR Change of temperature will have NO effect on the rate of transpiration (2) 3.2.6 (a) Transpiration rate (1) (b) Temperature (1) 3.2.7 Rubric: graph