SIMPLIFIED DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

2y ago
32 Views
4 Downloads
6.39 MB
107 Pages
Last View : 17d ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Konnor Frawley
Transcription

SIMPLIFIED DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTSSTAIR, FOUNDATION AND COLUMNMD. OMAR FARUKS.M. NAYEEMNUSRATH JAHAN NISHADEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGAHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDECEMBER, 2016

SIMPLIFIED DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTSSTAIR, FOUNDATION AND COLUMNTHIS THESIS PAPER ISSubmitted By:Student IDMD.OMAR FARUK12.02.03.010S.M. NAYEEM12.02.03.103NUSRATH JAHAN NISHA12.02.03.111In partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree ofBachelor of Science in Civil EngineeringUnder the Supervision ofDr. ENAMUR RAHIM LATIFEEAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Civil EngineeringAHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDecember, 2016

APPROVED AS TO STYLE AND CONTENTBYDr. ENAMUR RAHIM LATIFEEAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Civil EngineeringAHSANULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY141-142 LOVE ROAD, TEJGAON INDUSTRIAL AREA, DHAKA-1208DECEMBER, 2016

DECLARATIONWe hereby declare that the work performed in this thesis for theachievement of the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering is“SIMPLIFIED DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS-Stair,Foundation and Column”. The whole work is carried out by the authorsunder the guidance and strict supervision of Dr. Enamur Rahim Latifee,Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, AhsanullahUniversity of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.It is also declare that the work performed in this thesis has not beensubmitted and will not be submitted, either in part or in full for the awardof any other degree in this institute or any other institute or university. .Md. Omar Faruk12.02.03.010 .S.M. Nayeem12.02.03.103 Nusrath Jahan Nisha12.02.03.111i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirst and foremost we have to thank with respect from our heart to ourthesis supervisor, Dr. Enamur Rahim Latifee, Associate Professor,Honorable faculty member, Department of Civil Engineering,Ahsanulllah University of Science and Technology. Without hisassistance and dedicated involvement in every step of the work, this paperwould have never been accomplished. We would like to thank you verymuch for your support in all stages.We would also like to show our respect to all our teachers and professorswho taught us during the journey of undergraduate period.We would like to thank our classmates, seniors and friends for theircontinued help and encouragement.Most importantly, we deeply thank our parents and siblings for theirunconditional trust, timely support, encouragement and endless patiencethroughout our life.ii

ABSTRACTThe objective of our study is to introduce the concept of simplified design of buildingelements since the traditional method of design includes several steps, lengthy andtime consuming. New designers or engineers may find it difficult to overcome withinlimited short time. In general traditional method described in our books, we have toassume a lot of parameters in many equations but in simplified design some of theparameters are made constant (like strength of reinforcement, ultimate strength ofconcrete, properties of cement etc are made constant depending on availability ofthe material) and some of the parameters (like wind load, resistance to earthquake,induced forces, earth or liquid pressure etc.) are ignored in order to shorten thedesign procedure and to make the design easy plus time efficient. This thesis paperon “Simplified Design of Structural Elements- Stair, Foundation and Column,”is prepared by following the provisions according to ACI Standard 318, BuildingCode Requirements for Structural Concrete.The designs are formulated in excel which would help the designers & those whoare interested in designing the foundation, column, stair in shortest possible time,with minimum amount of effort. Again elements types, design steps, designexamples, Required tables to adopt data, Comparisons tables, graphs, figures withdetailing etc. are also provided for Stair, Foundation,& Column design in asimplified way in this paper. Design for various types of same elements (like squarefooting, rectangular footing, square column, circular column, stair with differentspan and different strength etc.) are also included separately. Different websites havebeen created for different structural elements. Address of those websites are givenin appendix. All through a simplified design of concrete structures for stair,foundation, column are implemented in this thesis paper.It will help practicing engineers, the architects, and common non-technical personsfor initial structural design, verifying existing design and to get rough idea on thedesign and check the assumptions, further checking abilities, and some way ofreducing the design time required for smaller projects, reinforced concrete buildingsof moderate size and height.iii

Table of ContentsDeclaration IAcknowledgement . .IIAbstract . . .IIITable of Contents . .IVList of Figures . . .VIIList of Symbol and Abbreviation .XChapter 01: INTRODUCTION1.1 Scope of simplified design . 21.2 Purposes behind simplification of design . 31.3 The beneficiaries . 31.4 How we have simplified design . 41.5 Our Future goals . 4Chapter 02: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Stair . 72.1.1 Types of Stair . 72.2 Foundation . 142.2.1 Some Purposes of Foundation . 142.2.2 Types Of Foundations . 142.2.3 Factors affecting the selection of Foundation: . 212.2.4 Bearing Capacity . 212.2.5 Bearing Capacity Values . 242.2.6 Load Calculation for Foundation . 262.3 Reinforced Concrete Columns. 262.3.1 Column construction materials . 272.3.2 Effecting factors of column design . 272.3.3 Types of Columns. 272.3.4 Short Column: . 282.3.5 Types of Reinforcements for columns and their requirements . 29iv

Chapter 03: METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL WORK3.1 Stair . 313.1.1 Design Steps of Stairs . 313.1.2 Design Example of Stairs . 333.2 Foundation . 363.2.1 Design Steps of Rectangular Foundation . 363.2.2 Design example of Rectangular footing . 373.2.3 Design Steps of Square Foundation. 393.2.4 Example of a square footing design . 403.3 Column . 433.3.1 Design Example of square column . 433.3.2 Design Example of circular column: . 44Chapter 04: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Stair Design result and analysis . 474.1.1 Simplified design of stair . 474.1.2 Comparison Results . 494.1.3 Website on Stair Design . 504.2 Foundation Design result and analysis . 584.2.1 Load Calculation for Foundation . 584.2.2 Rectangular Foundation Design . 634.2.3 Square Footing Design . 664.2.4 Website on Isolated Foundation Design . 684.3 Column design result and analysis . 814.3.1 Simplified design of Concentric loading square column . 824.3.2 Simplified design of Concentric loading circular column . 824.3.3 Preliminary Column Sizing . 84v

Chapter 05: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS5.1 Conclusion . 915.2 Recommendation .91AppendixBibliography9394vi

List of FiguresFigure 1.1: Foundation . 4Figure 1.2: Column . 5Figure 1.3: Stair . 5Figure 2.1: Straight Stair . 7Figure 2.2: Quarter Turn Stairs . 8Figure 2.3: Half Turn Stairs. 9Figure 2.4: Spiral Stairs. 10Figure 2.5: Components of Staircase . 13Figure 2.6: Wall footing. 15Figure 2.7: Column footing . 16Figure 2.8: Combined footing . 16Figure 2.9: Strap footing . 17Figure 2.10: Mat or raft foundation . 18Figure 2.11: Pile foundation . 19Figure 2.12: Pier foundation . 20Figure 2.13: Well or Caisson foundation. 21Figure 2.14: Load transfer concept in column . 26Figure 2.15: Reinforcement of Column sections . 27Figure 3.1 : Reinforcement Detailing of Stair. 35Figure 4.1 (a): Design of stair excel file screenshot . 47Figure 4.1 (b): Design of stair excel file screenshot . 48Figure 4.2 (a): Design of stair web page screenshot . 50Figure 4.2 (b): Design of stair web page screenshot . 51Figure 4.2 (c): Design of stair web page screenshot . 52Figure 4.2 (d): Design of stair web page screenshot . 53Figure 4.2 (e): Design of stair web page screenshot . 54Figure 4.2 (f): Design of stair web page screenshot. 55Figure 4.2 (g): Design of stair web page screenshot . 56Figure 4.2 (h): Design of stair web page screenshot . 57Figure 4.3 (a): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with four beams) excel file Screenshot. 58Figure 4.3 (b): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with four beams) excel file Screenshot. 59Figure 4.3 (c): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with four beams) excel file Screenshot. 59Figure 4.3 (d): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with four beams) excel file Screenshot. 60Figure 4.3 (e): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with four beams) excel file Screenshot. 60vii

Figure 4.3 (f): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with Three beams) excel file Screenshot. 61Figure 4.3 (g): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with Three beams) excel file Screenshot. 61Figure 4.3 (h): Load Calculation For Foundation (Interior Column with Three beams) excel fileScreenshot . 62Figure 4.3 (i): Load Calculation For Foundation (Exterior Column with Two beams) excel file Screenshot. 62Figure 4.3 (j): Load Calculation For Foundation (Exterior Column with Two beams) excel file Screenshot. 63Figure 4.4 (a): Rectangular Foundation design excel file screenshot . 64Figure 4.4 (b): Rectangular Foundation design excel file screenshot . 64Figure 4.4 (c): Rectangular Foundation design excel file screenshot . 65Figure 4.4 (d): Rectangular Foundation design excel file screenshot . 65Figure 4.5 (a): Square Foundation design excel file screenshot . 66Figure 4.5 (b): Square Foundation design excel file screenshot . 67Figure 4.5 (c): Square Foundation design excel file screenshot. 67Figure 4.6 (a): Home page of Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 68Figure 4.6 (b): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 68Figure 4.6 (c): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 69Figure 4.6 (d): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 69Figure 4.6 (e): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 70Figure 4.6 (f): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot . 70Figure 4.6 (g): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot. 71Figure 4.6 (h): Simplify the foundation design web page screenshot

design procedure and to make the design easy plus time efficient. This thesis paper on “Simplified Design of Structural Elements- Stair, Foundation and Column,” is prepared by following the provisions according to ACI Standard

Related Documents:

elements and factors with some collaboration and integration across systems Structural Elements and Factors 68-100 Structural Elements and Factors 101-133 Has all structural elements and factors, with strong coordination and integration across multiple factors Structural Elements and Factors 134-168 Leading, example for other counties/regions

24 FOUNDATIONS OF GRAPHIC DESIGN ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHIC DESIGN 25 Let us first discuss the elements of graphic design followed by principles of composition. There are three major categories of these elements. “Basic elements “Relational elements “Intentional elements Basic elements of composition are abstract concepts. They do

This fraction can be simplified to 14 3 2. 104 36 This fraction can be simplified to 26 9 3. 3192 924 This fraction can be simplified to 38 11 Practice #2 Answers 1. 15 9 This fraction can be simplified to 5 3 2. 52 70 This fraction can be simplified to 26 35

2.1 Structural Health Monitoring Structural health monitoring is at the forefront of structural and materials research. Structural health monitoring systems enable inspectors and engineers to gather material data of structures and structural elements used for analysis. Ultrasonics can be applied to structural monitoring programs to obtain such .

1 Two or fewer of the structural elements are present, and few ideas are clearly organized. 2 Three of the structural elements are present, or most ideas are clearly organized. 3 Three or four of the structural elements are present, and most ideas are clearly organized. 4 All of the structural elements are present, and ideas are clearly organized.

2.3 Design loads acting on elements 13 2.4 Structural analysis 17 2.5 Beam design 24 2.6 Column design 26 2.7 Summary 27 Questions 28 PART TWO: STRUCTURAL DESIGN TO BRITISH STANDARDS 3 Design in reinforced concrete to BS 8110 31 3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Objectives and scope 31 3.3 Symbols 32 3.4 Basis of design 33 3.5 Material properties 33 3.6 .

Structural Commentary June 3, 2017 Page 4 0.1 INTRODUCTION This commentary provides the technical analysis that supports the structural provisions of the National Simplified Residential Roof Photovoltaic Array Permit Guidelines (the Guidelines), also called "Step 1: Structural PV Array Mounting Requirements Checklist" (the "Checklist").

Tulang-tulang pembentuk rangka tubuh . 12 3. Tulang-tulang di regio manus tampak . Anatomi hewan ini yang dipelajari adalah anatomi tubuh hewan piara. Pelaksanaan perkuliahan dan praktikum anatomi hewan dilakukan setiap minggu sesuai jadwal dengan beban 3 sks (1-2) pada mahasiswa semester 1. Pelaksanaan meliputi tutorial, pretest, praktikum di laboratorium, pembuatan laporan, dan ujian .