PY2013 Statewide AC Cycling Programs Process Evaluation Integrated Report
Boston Headquarters617 492 1400 tel617 497 7944 fax800 966 1254 toll free1000 Winter StWaltham, MA 024511PY2013 Statewide AC Cycling ProgramsProcess Evaluation – Integrated ReportFINALIsabelle GecilsDirectorAugust 15, 2014PGE0368opiniondynamics.com
AcknowledgementsThe authors wish to acknowledge and express gratitude to the many individuals who contributed timeand information to this process evaluation. Without their support and assistance, this effort would nothave been possible. These include the staffs of Pacific Gas and Electric, Southern California Edison,and San Diego Gas & Electric; and AC Cycling program implementers, contractors, and aggregators,such as Comverge, NRG, and GoodCents. Without exception, these individuals were gracious andearnest in their responses to our interview questions and data requests.opiniondynamics.comPage ii
Table of Contents1. Executive Summary . 1Findings . 1Recommendations . 32. Introduction. 6Program Descriptions . 6Program Comparisons . 83. Methods and Assumptions . 10Research Objectives . 10Data Sources . 12Methods . 134. Integrated Summary. 14PG&E SmartAC Program Highlights . 14SCE Summer Discount Plan Program Highlights . 15SDG&E Summer Saver Program Highlights. 17Overarching Topics. 195. PG&E SmartAC Program Process Evaluation. 25Program Description . 25Program Design Features . 26Program Design Changes . 28PY2013 SmartAC Events . 285.5 Program Technologies and Failure Rates. 315.6 Program Implementation . 335.7 Engagement with the Program . 345.8 Program Communication . 475.9 Customer Support . 48opiniondynamics.comPage iii
Reasons for Leaving PG&E’s SmartAC Program . 495.11 Recommendations for Program Improvements . 535.12 Program Data Tracking Recommendations . 556. SCE Summer Discount Plan Program Process Evaluation . 566.1 Program Description . 566.2 Program Design Features . 576.3 Program Design Changes . 596.4 PY2013 Summer Discount Plan Program Events . 596.5 Technology and Expected Failure Rates. 616.6 Program Implementation . 616.7 Participant Program Engagement . 636.8 Awareness of Program Design Features . 676.9 Suggestions for Program Improvement . 836.10 Tracking Database . 847. SDG&E Summer Saver Program Process Evaluation . 86Program Description . 86Program Design Features . 87Program Design Changes . 88PY2013 Summer Saver Events . 89Program Technology and Expected Failure Rates . 90Program Implementation . 91Participant Program Engagement . 92Program Communication . 112Customer Support . 113Reasons for Leaving the Summer Saver Program . 114Participants’ Suggestions for Program Improvement . 118Program Data Tracking . 120opiniondynamics.comPage iv
PG&E SmartAC Sampling and Survey Methods . 122SCE Summer Discount Plan Sampling and Survey Methods . 126SDG&E Summer Saver Sampling and Survey Methods. 132PG&E SmartAC Survey Demographics . 138SCE Summer Discount Plan Surveys Demographics and Firmographics . 140SDG&E Summer Saver Surveys Demographics and Firmographics . 145Benchmarking Utilities Programs . 150Bibliography . 151opiniondynamics.comPage v
Tables of TablesTable 1. Differences across AC Cycling Programs . 8Table 2. Research Objectives by AC Cycling Program . 10Table 3. Data Request . 12Table 4. Evaluation Approaches . 13Table 5. Marketing Strategies Given Program Maturity Level. 22Table 6. Average Marketing Costs per Enrolled Customer . 22Table 7. Overview of Customer Participation by Customer Segment and Climate Zone. 26Table 8. PG&E SmartAC Program Design Characteristics . 27Table 9. PG&E SmartAC Program Design Changes . 28Table 10. PG&E SmartAC Program Demand Response Events . 29Table 11. Comparison of PG&E 2013 System Peaks vs. DR Events Times/Duration . 30Table 12: Program Implementation . 33Table 13. PG&E SmartAC Program Participant Survey Completes . 34Table 14. Participant Satisfaction across SmartAC-Only and Dually Enrolled Participants . 35Table 15. Drivers of Program Satisfaction Scores (multiple responses) . 35Table 16. Likelihood of Recommending the SmartAC Program. 36Table 17. How Participants First Heard about the SmartAC Program (multiple responses). 37Table 18. Motivation to Participate in the SmartAC Program (multiple responses) . 37Table 19. Participants’ Estimated Length of a Typical AC Cycling Event. 39Table 20. Average Estimated Start Time, End Time, and Duration of a Typical AC Cycling Event . 39Table 21. Survey Respondents’ Exposure to AC Cycling Events as per the Program Database. 40Table 22. Participants’ Summer Household Occupancy Patterns (multiple questions) . 40Table 23. How Participants Learn about AC Cycling Events (multiple responses) . 41Table 24. Event Awareness and Response . 42Table 25. Additional Energy-Saving Activities during AC Cycling Events (multiple response) . 44Table 26. “Have you ever changed the temperature settings of your AC unit after an event?” . 46Table 27. “Would you pre-cool your house had you known about the event?” . 47Table 28. Recollection of Key Marketing Activities. 48Table 29. Preferred Way to Receive Program Information. 48Table 30. Awareness of Customer Support Tools . 49opiniondynamics.comPage vi
Table 31. Summer Afternoon Occupancy Patterns . 50Table 32. Event Recall . 51Table 33. Reasons for Leaving SmartAC Program (multiple response) . 51Table 34. Technology Used to Cycle (n 67) . 52Table 35. Desired Changes on Program Incentive Levels. 53Table 36. “Would you prefer a different cycling strategy than the current 50% duty cycle?” . 54Table 37. Participants’ Suggestions for Program Improvement (multiple responses) . 54Table 38. Suggestions for Improvement from Lapsed Customers (multiple response). 54Table 39. SCE Summer Discount Plan Program Active Participants . 57Table 40. SCE Summer Discount Plan Program Design Characteristics . 57Table 41. Major Recent Program Design Changes . 59Table 42. Residential SDP Events in 2013 . 60Table 43. Nonresidential SDP Events in 2013 . 60Table 44. Distribution of NRG Power and GoodCents Solutions District Areas . 62Table 45. Residential Completes with Active SDP Program Participants. 63Table 46. Nonresidential Completes with Active SDP Program Participants . 63Table 47. Residential Participant Satisfaction Ratings (weighted total, n 138) . 64Table 48. Nonresidential Participant Satisfaction Ratings (weighted total, n 126) . 64Table 49. Drivers of Satisfaction Ratings (multiple responses) . 65Table 50. How Participants First Heard about the SDP Program (multiple responses) . 66Table 51. Main Motivation to Participate in the SDP Program . 67Table 52. Event Triggers (“Why do you think SCE calls SDP events?”) (multiple responses) . 68Table 53. Participants’ Estimated Event Days during a Typical Summer . 68Table 54. Estimated Length of a Typical SDP Event . 69Table 55. Estimated Start and End Time of a Typical SDP Event . 69Table 56. Participants’ Awareness of Different Duty Cycle Options . 70Table 57. Nonresidential Participants’ Business Hours (mutually exclusive categories) . 72Table 58. How Participants Learn about SDP Events (multiple responses) . 73Table 59. Additional Energy-Saving Behaviors during Events . 76Table 60. Types of Energy-Saving Activities during Events (multiple responses) . 77Table 61. “Have you ever changed the temperature settings of your AC unit after a SDP event?” . 78Table 62. “Would you pre-cool your facility if you were aware that an event would take place?” . 78opiniondynamics.comPage vii
Table 63. Participants’ Desire for More Frequent Program Communication . 79Table 64. Preferred Way to Receive Program Information. 79Table 65. Event Recall . 81Table 66. Reasons Residential Customers Left the Program (multiple response) . 82Table 67. Reasons Nonresidential Customers Left the Program (multiple response) . 83Table 68. Change in SDP Program Options. 83Table 69. Lapsed Customers’ Suggestions for Improvement (multiple response) . 84Table 70. Summer Saver Program Enrollment as of December 2013 . 87Table 71. SDG&E Summer Saver Program Design Characteristics. 87Table 72. Major Program Design Changes since Inception . 88Table 73. SDG&E Summer Saver Program DR events . 89Table 74. SDG&E Summer Saver Program Primary Responsibilities . 91Table 75. SDG&E Summer Saver Program Participant Survey Completes . 92Table 76. Residential Participant Satisfaction across Duty Cycle Options . 93Table 77. Drivers of Satisfaction Ratings from Residential Customers (multiple responses) . 93Table 78. Nonresidential Participant Satisfaction (n 90) . 94Table 79. Nonresidential Customers Drivers of Satisfaction Scores (multiple responses) . 94Table 80. Participants’ Likelihood of Staying Enrolled in the Program . 96Table 81. How Participants Learned about the Summer Saver Program (multiple responses) . 96Table 82. Residential Participants’ Motivation to Enroll in the Summer Saver Program. 97Table 83. Nonresidential Participants’ Motivation to Enroll in the Program (multiple responses) . 98Table 84. Event Triggers (Why do you think SDG&E calls Summer Saver events in the summer?). 98Table 85. Participants’ Estimated Event Days during a Typical Summer . 99Table 86. Participants’ Estimated Length of a Typical Summer Saver Event . 99Table 87. Average Estimated Start and End Times of a Typical Summer Saver event . 99Table 88. Participants’ Awareness of Different Duty Cycle Options . 100Table 89. Percentage Participants who Changed their Duty Cycle Option . 101Table 90. Awareness and Take-Up of Event Notification Features. 102Table 91. How Participants Learn about Summer Saver events (multiple responses) . 103Table 92. Participants’ Recollection of 2013 Summer Saver Events . 104Table 93. Recollection of Consecutive Event Days in August 2013 . 105Table 94. Energy-Saving Behaviors during Consecutive Event Days . 105opiniondynamics.comPage viii
Table 95. Energy-Saving Behaviors during Events . 107Table 96. Energy-Saving Behavior during Summer Saver Events (multiple responses) . 108Table 97. “Have you ever changed the temperature settings of your AC unit after an event?” . 109Table 98. Would you pre-cool your premise if you were aware that an event would take place? . 109Table 99. Response to Joint RYU Alerts and Summer Saver events . 110Table 100. Desire for More Frequent Communication Among Residential Participants . 113Table 101. Preferred Way of Receiving Program Information . 113Table 102. Residential Customers’ Awareness of Customer Support Tools . 114Table 103. Participant Occupancy Pattern During Likely Summer Saver Program Days. 114Table 104. Recalled Event . 115Table 105. Event Recall among Residential Lapsed Customers Types (n 96). 115Table 106. Event Recall Among Nonresidential Lapsed Customers Types (n 45) . 115Table 107. Reasons Residential Lapsed Customers Left the Program (multiple response) . 116Table 108. Reasons Nonresidential Lapsed Customers Left Program (multiple response) . 116Table 109. Change in Program Options . 117Table 110. Overriding Events in Exchange for Lower Incentive Payment (Residential) . 118Table 111. Overriding Events in Exchange for Lower Incentive Payment (nonresidential). 118Table 112. Customers Suggestions for Overall Program Improvement (multiple responses) . 118Table 113. Participants’ Suggestions to Better Explain the Program Options (multiple responses) 119Table 114. Participants’ Suggestions to Improve Customer Support (multiple responses) . 119Table 115. Participants’ Suggested Changes to Incentive Levels (multiple responses) . 120Table 116. Participants’ Suggested Duty Cycle Options . 120Table 117. PG&E Smart AC Participant Survey – Sample Plan-Applying Quotas . 122Table 118. Smart AC Participants Survey Completes and Weights . 123Table 119. PG&E Smart AC Lapsed Customer Survey Sample Plan - applying Quotas . 124Table 120. SmartAC Lapsed Customer Weights . 124Table 121. SCE Summer Discount Program Population (prior to data cleaning) . 126Table 122. SCE Summer Discount Plan Program Sample Frame . 127Table 123. SCE SDP Participant Survey Sample Plan– Applying Quotas. 128Table 124. SCE Residential Participant Weights . 129Table 125. SCE Nonresidential Participant Weights . 129Table 126. SCE SDP Lapsed Unique Customer and Sample Count . 130opiniondynamics.comPage ix
Table 127. SCE Residential Lapsed Customer Summer Completes and Weights . 130Table 128. SCE Nonresidential Lapsed Customer Survey Completes and Weights . 130Table 129. SDG&E Summer Saver Customer Counts (post data cleaning) . 133Table 130. SDG&E Smart AC Participant Survey Sample Plan-Applying Quotas . 134Table 131. SDG&E Residential Participant Survey Completes and Weights . 134Table 132. SDG&E Nonresidential Participant Survey Completes and Weights . 135Table 133. SDG&E Summer Saver Lapsed Customer Survey Sample Plan—Applying Quotas. 135Table 134. SDG&E Residential Lapsed Customer Survey Completes and Weights . 136Table 135. SDG&E Nonresidential Lapsed Customer Survey Completes and Weights . 136Table 136. SmartAC Participants Demographics . 138Table 137. Demographic Difference by Participant Type . 139Table 138. SDP Active Participants’ Demographics . 140Table 139. SDP Active Participants Firmographics . 141Table 140. Lapsed Residential Customer Demographics . 142Table 141. Firmographics . 143Table 142. SDG&E Summer Saver Participant Demographics . 145Table 143. SDG&E Summer Saver Nonresidential Active Participants Firmographics . 146Table 144. Lapsed Customer Demographics. 147Table 145. Firmographics . 149Table 146. Utilities Interviewed for Failure Rates and Marketing Costs per Enrolled Customers. 150opiniondynamics.comPage x
Table of FiguresFigure 1. DR Events Timing Compared with System Peak . 30Figure 2. System Peak vs. Event Period . 31Figure 3. Awareness of the Maximum Number of AC Cycling Events per Season . 38Figure 4. Awareness of Maximum Possible Number of Events among SmartAC-Only Participants . 38Figure 5. Event Recall across Climate Zones . 42Figure 6. Event Recall among Load Switch and PCT Users. 43Figure 7. Change in Comfort Levels for SmartAC-only and Dually Enrolled Customers . 43Figure 8. Participants Who Report Engaging in Additional Energy-Saving Activities during Events . 44Figure 9. “Upon notification of a SmartDay, do you let your AC unit cycle or turn off the HVAC unit?”(n 110). 45Figure 10. Year of Leaving the Program for Reasons Other than Moving or Changing to Medical Rate(n 12,983) . 50Figure 11. Lapsed Dually Enrolled Customers - SmartRate Program Participation Effect and Outcome(n 20) . 53Figure 12. Participants’ Likelihood of Recommending the SDP Program to Others . 65Figure 13. Participants’ Likelihood of Staying Enrolled in the SDP Program . 66Figure 14. Participants’ Awareness of the Maximum Possible Number of Events per Season. 68Figure 15. Residential Participants’ Reporting of Clearly Understanding Duty Cycle Options . 70Figure 16. Nonresidential Participants’ Reporting of Clearly Understanding Duty Cycle Options . 70Figure 17. Awareness and Sign-Up for Opt-In Event Notification (Nonresidential Only) . 71Figure 18. Percent of Residential Participants Generally Home during Summer Afternoons . 72Figure 19. Climate Zones of Residential Participants Home during Event Hours . 72Figure 20. Residential Participants’ Recollection of 2013 SDP Events . 74Figure 21. Nonresidential Participants’ Recollection of a 2013 SDP Event . 75Figure 22. Residential Participants’ Change of Comfort during SDP Events . 75Figure 23. Effects of Event Participation on Businesses (n 54) . 76Figure 24. Desire to Override Event Participation in Exchange for Lower Incentive . 78Figure 25. Participants’ Awareness of Customer Support Tools . 80Figure 26. Support of Remote Cycling among Residential Participants . 80Figure 27. Support of Remote Cycling among Nonresidential Participants . 81Figure 28. DR Events Timing Compared to System Peak . 89opiniondynamics.comPage xi
Figure 29. System Peak vs. Event Period . 90Figure 30. Residential Participants’ Likelihood of Recommending the Program to Others. 95Figure 31. Nonresidential Customers’ Likelihood of Recommending the Program to Others . 96Figure 32. Residential Participants Reporting that Duty Cycle Options Were Clearly
Table 19. Participants' Estimated Length of a Typical AC Cycling Event. 39 Table 20. Average Estimated Start Time, End Time, and Duration of a Typical AC Cycling Event. 39 Table 21. Survey Respondents' Exposure to AC Cycling Events as per the Program Database. 40 Table 22.
(neutropenic sepsis, ventilator-associated pneumonia), and cycling periods have been arbitrarily defined, ranging from 1 week to 6 months (10–22). In a meta-analysis of studies investigating antibiotic cycling, the optimal cycling period was identified as 30 days (23). When the cycling period is
The Revolution Cycling Club exists to promote cycling at all levels . Genesee County Sheriff Dept., Flint River Trails, Holly/Flint chapter of the Michigan Mountain Bike Association, as well as help with . Assenmacher Cycling Center Genessee Valley Tennis and Fitness Remer Inc. Saturn Electronics and Engineering, Inc .
Boiler Short Cycling Evaluate burner turndown and the system volume to prevent boiler short cycling. Boiler/burner minimum output is greater than system demand. Short cycling turns your boiler into a reverse heat exchanger on purge cycles. Boiler short cycling can cost you 20% or more on fuel consumption.
Cycling Network Plan: 2021 ActiveTO Cycling Network Expansion Project Updates . 145%) on the corridor, as well as support for local business including an increase from 10 CaféTO patios in 2020 to 21 patios on the corridor in 2022. . The number of customers impacted by planned and unplanned subway closures, and the use of shuttle buses .
Pucher and Buehler "Making Cycling Irresistible" Transport Reviews, Vol. 28, 2008 3 purposes but rarely used for practical, everyday travel needs. Moreover, the social distribution of cycling tends to be very uneven, with young men doing most of the cycling, while women cycle far less, and the elderly hardly cycle at all.
yes; m DEB 180 123 57 by the Linear Pair Postulate. So, by defi nition, a pair of corresponding angles are congruent, which means that ⃖AC ⃗ ⃖DF ⃗ by the Corresponding Angles Converse. 22. yes; m BEF 180 37 143 by the Linear Pa
Bicycle 10 Pedals 10 Tires 11 Saddlebag 11 Item 11 Quantity 11 Tool Kit 11 . Every sport has specialized clothing, and cycling is no . availability of group discount programs. In addition, several mail order catalogs offer discounted prices on cycling apparel and equipment. Helmets
asset management for utilities and telecommunication providers to support network planning, design and analysis, maintenance and operations. OMS and DMS integration: A configurable standards-based software solution that provides utilities with an automated way of introducing the electric network to the OMS (Outage Management System) and DMS (Distribution Management System) via CIM (Common .
