Microsoft Federation And Cross-Forest Delegation - NETsec

1y ago
17 Views
2 Downloads
1.60 MB
52 Pages
Last View : 2m ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Maleah Dent
Transcription

MICROSOFT FEDERATIONANDCROSS-FOREST DELEGATIONWhitepaper Free/BusyNETsec12. July 2016NETsec GmbH & Co.KG Schillingsstrasse 117 DE - 52355 Düren

Introduction . 4Cross-Forest-Delegation . 4GALsync and Free/Busy . 5General Troubleshooting . 6Common Tools . 6Deployment Guide . 7Matrix - Overview . 7Exchange 2003 . 9Exchange On Premise - Exchange On Premise . 9Exchange On Premise - Office 365 . 9Office 365 - Office 365 . 9Microsoft Federation . 10How to Configure Exchange 2010 SP1 Federation . 10Deep dive into rich coexistence between Exchange Forests . 10Managing Federated Sharing with the EAC. 10Sharing in Exchange Online . 10Understanding Federation (Exchange 2010). 10The Hybrid Free Busy Troubleshooter Now Available . 10Sharing . 11Exchange Federation . 11Troubleshooting Federated Sharing . 11Configure Free/Busy Sharing Between Exchange Organizations . 11Cross-Forest Delegation. 12Technical Modules . 12Readiness Analyzer. 12Environment . 13Description . 13Screenshots . 13*** Troubleshooting Checklist *** . 14Required Permissions . 14Administrative Permissions . 14Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation / Federated Sharing . 42

Default Calendar permissions . 14Connecting . 15General Name Resolution . 15Exchange SMTP Connectors . 18Autodiscover Name Resolution . 21Certificates . 23Create Certificates . 24Bind Certificates . 25Trust Certificates . 27Screenshots . 29Web Services . 32Description . 32Screenshots . 33Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation*** Troubleshooting Checklist *** . 343Synchronize with GALsync . 36Description . 36*** Troubleshooting Checklist *** . 37Cross-Forest Delegation . 38GALsync specification . 38Domain Trust . 39AvailabilityAddressSpace . 40Final Result . 46HowTo. 46Screenshots . 46Troubleshooting . 48Help . 48Description . 48Tools . 49Appendix. 50querySchema.ps1. 50Free/Busy and Shared Namespace . 51Document tags . 52

IntroductionThis technique uses the Microsoft Federation Gateway, a free cloud-basedservice, as the trust broker between two federated organizations. Toenable federated sharing, each organization must establish a one-timefederation trust with the Microsoft Federation Gateway and configureeither an organization relationship or sharing policies with each other.Cross-Forest-DelegationIf you use this technology your people can see free/busy information ofanother Exchange organization. Additionally your people can managecalendars of people in the other organization in the same way they usedelegated calendars internally. In that case you need a domain trustbetween the Active Directory domains.Technically quite a range of TCP/IP ports are required for communicationbetween the organizations, see chapterPorts Required for Trusts in Domain and Forest Trust Tools and /Cc756944(V Ws.10).aspx.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation / Federated Sharing4

GALsync and Free/BusyIn Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2010 you could use system public foldersfor a free/busy query. We implemented this architecture in GALsync up toversion 4*.Since Exchange 2007 natively the Exchange Availability Service as a WebService is used for Free/Busy queries. Since Exchange 2013 and ExchangeOnline there are no system public folders for Free/Busy informationavailable anymore.Since GALsync 5 supports Microsoft Federation and Cross-ForestDelegation.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation* MICROSOFT STOPPED SUPPORTING EXCHANGE 2003 ON THE 8TH APRIL 2014. A S MUCH AS WEWOULD LIKE TO KEEP COMPATIBILITY UP FOR ALL VERSIONS , WE CANNOT SUPPORT AN ENVIRONMENTWHICH IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED BY THE MANUFACTURER HIMSELF . S TARTING ON THE DEPRECATIONOF EXCHANGE 2003, GAL SYNC 4 WILL BE COMPLETELY REPLACED BY THE CURRENT VERSION OFGALSYNC.5

General TroubleshootingThese are some additional tools and resources for diagnosing issues withFree/busy Hybrid Environment Free/busy survey.aspx?scid sw%3ben%3b3526&showpage 1 Remote Connectivity Analyzerhttps://testconnectivity.microsoft.com/ Outlook Connectivity Guided vey.aspx?scid sw;en;3601&showpage 1 The Microsoft Online Services Diagnostics and Logging (MOSDAL)Support s.aspx?id 626 Office 365Video: Troubleshooting Issues with Free/Busy Information in Office OutlookClients for Office 365Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationCommon Tools6

Deployment GuideWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationMatrix - Overview7Source OrgTarget xchangeOnlineExchangeOnlineTechnique to getFree/BusyPublic folders 2Public folders 2Public folders 2Not supportedNot supportedPublic folders 2Microsoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft FederationPublic folders 2Microsoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation orCross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft FederationVersion to sync ncGALsyncGALsyncv4v4v4v4v7v4v7v4v71111 1 1GALsync v7GALsync v7GALsync v7GALsync v4GALsync v71GALsync v7GALsync v7GALsync v7GALsync v7Not supportedGALsync v4GALsync v7Microsoft Federation or GALsync v7Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation or GALsync v7Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft Federation or GALsync v7Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft FederationGALsync v71 Not supported1 2007Microsoft FederationGALsync v4GALsync v7GALsync v72010Microsoft FederationGALsync v72013Microsoft FederationGALsync v7ExchangeOnlineMicrosoft FederationGALsync v7

2Public Folder technology of Exchange 2003.* MICROSOFT STOPPED SUPPORTING EXCHANGE 2003 ON THE 8TH APRIL 2014. A S MUCH AS WEWOULD LIKE TO KEEP COMPATIBILITY UP FOR ALL VERSIONS , WE CANNOT SUPPORT AN ENVIRONMENTWHICH IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED BY THE MANUFACTURER HIMSELF . S TARTING ON THE DEPRECATIONOF EXCHANGE 2003, GAL SYNC 4 WILL BE COMPLETELY REPLACED BY THE CURRENT VERSION OFGALSYNC.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationLegend:1 GALsync v4* provides an optional feature which copies all free/busyinformation from Exchange Public Folder store.8

Exchange 2003Scenarios with dedicated Exchange 2003 environments are not covered inthis Whitepaper.If you use Exchange 2003 (or Exchange 2007) combined with Exchange2010 SP1 the Exchange 2010 SP1 mailbox server must host a PublicFolder database and is the ONLY replica server for Free/Busy folder. Cross Org Availability using Federation Trust and hip.aspx Free/Busy sharing between Exchange 2003 and Exchange s/library/hh310374(v exchg.141).aspx Understanding Shared Free/Busy in Exchange 2003 HybridDeploymentsWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest ry/hh779664(v exchg.141).aspx9Exchange On Premise - Exchange On PremiseOn-Premise environments with Exchange 2007, 2010, 2013 or 2016 arecan use Microsoft Federation or if the on-premise environments have trustthey can use Cross-Forest Delegation.Exchange On Premise - Office 365The Microsoft Federation enables to share free/busy information in ahybrid deployment.Office 365 - Office 365The Microsoft Federation enables to share free/busy information betweenOffice 365 tenants.

Here some great articles how to configure MICROSOFT FEDERATION:How to Configure Exchange 2010 SP1 igure-exchange-2010sp1.htmlDeep dive into rich coexistence between Exchange ForestsHenrik Walter has written a great post. Although he describes MICROSOFTFIM and MIRCOSOFT DIRSYNC tool you may read this article and simplyreplace MICROSOFT FIM with NETSEC part1.htmlManaging Federated Sharing with the xSharing in Exchange j916670(v exchg.150).aspxUnderstanding Federation (Exchange 335047(v exchg.141).aspxThe Hybrid Free Busy Troubleshooter Now ow-available.aspxWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationMicrosoft FederationYou can use NETSEC GALSYNC to provide contacts with DirectorySynchronization and use MICROSOFT FEDERATION to get Free/Busyinformation.10

dd638083(v exchg.150).aspxExchange FederationJohan Veldhuis describes how to setup a Federation ation-deel-ii/and how toTroubleshooting Federated federared-sharing/Configure Free/Busy Sharing Between Exchange OrganizationsWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest ry/hh310374(v exchg.141).aspx11

Technical ModulesThis chapter provides you with more details considering the differentrequirements.Readiness AnalyzerIn a first step you should validate if your environments are ready. Simplyfollow these questions:TopicGeneralValidateDoes the Exchange and Domain Controllers eventlogsindicate any critical errors?Does the Exchange Best Practice Analyzer indicate anycritical errors?Does dcdiag on the domain controllers indicate any criticalerrors?NetworkAre you able to nslookup the local and remote environmentfrom both sides?Are you able to nslookupautodiscover. remoteSMTP . domain Are you able to send SMTP-Messages between the differentenvironments?Webservices Can you connect to the Autodiscover service by using the Eandmail AutoConfiguration tool in Outlook?CertificatesCan you run test-outlookwebservice using a local accountwithout errors?Can you run test-outlookwebservice using a remote accountwithout errors?Do your environment, i.e. the CAS servers trust the rootcertificate of the remote forest?GALsyncCan you synchronize objects from source environment to theremote forest?Are the objects created as contacts there?Can Outlook / OWA clients in remote forest see thesynchronized objects in GAL?AvailabilityDid you configure AvailabilityAddressSpace andAvailabilityConfig correctly?Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationCross-Forest Delegation12

EnvironmentDescriptionIn this step you collect some information about your own and yourpartners’ environment. Please note Name of the forestName of the domains in the forestName of sitesName of Domain Controllers and Global CatalogsVersion of the Active Directory SchemaNames of all Exchange CAS ServersExchange Server versions (see possible values in appendix or run PSscript querySchema.ps1)Local firewall-rules on the Exchange serversGet-Exchangeserver fl name, edition, admindisplayversion,serverrole, siteWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationScreenshots132007a2010a2010b2013a

Does dcdiag on your DCs or does Exchange Best Practice Analyzer (exbpa) on your Exchange serversindicate any errors, which could be related to your issue?Are the clients in both forests able to get free/busy information of other clients in the same domain?Are the clients in both forests able to send mails to clients in the remote domain by inserting their SMTPaddress into the TO: field of the message?Are all required ports open?Read article “Exchange, Firewalls, and y.aspxRequired PermissionsAdministrative PermissionsYou must be prepared to run some of the steps as a user with sufficientprivileges. Some configurations you have to make require an accountwhich is member of the Exchange Organization Management and/or ActiveDirectory Domain Administrators group.Please note the account you want to use.Default Calendar permissionsThe permissions should be set to Free/Busy time to be displayed. Check the Default Calendar permissions for the mailbox(es) you would like to view Free/Busy informationfor. click on a Calendar Properties Permissions. The permissions should be set to Free/Busy time to bedisplayed.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation*** Troubleshooting Checklist ***14

ConnectingGeneral Name ResolutionDescriptionYou must have name resolution working so that the Exchange serversknow where to get information from.Your environment must be able to get a path to your partners’ domain.Usually this is implemented in your own internal DNS server as aconditional forwarder (if you use an internal test environment) or it isconfigured in the public DNS of your partner.If you use an internal Test-LABTo configure a DNS server to use forwarders using the Windows interface(Windows 2003)Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation1.2.3.4.155.Open DNS Manager.In the console tree, click the applicable DNS server.On the Action menu, click Properties.On the Forwarders tab, under DNS domain,click a domain name.Under Selected domain's forwarder IP address list, type the IPaddress of a forwarder, and then click Add.To configure a DNS server to use forwarders using the Windows interface(Windows 2008)1.2.3.4.Open DNS Manager.In the console tree, click the applicable DNS server, thenselect node Conditional ForwardersRight click the node and select New Conditional ForwarderFollow the wizardCheck byC:\Nslookup partnersdomain If your organizations are connected by internetYour CAS servers (respective the ISA/TMG which publishes the WebServices) must be able to resolve public DNS records of your partners’organization.Check by

Note: If name resolution against your partners’ site is not possible, youhave to solve this issue before er Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationNslookup partnersdomain 16

2013aWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation*** Troubleshooting Checklist ***17 Can you resolve the internal names of the Domains?Run DCDiag /test:DNS /e /vCan you resolve the external published names of the Domains?Can you resolve the external published MX records of the Domains?

Exchange SMTP ConnectorsYou must have all appropriate Send Connectors and Accepted Domains inplaceExchange CAS servers must have a route to send SMTP messages to thepartners’ organizations. Like you configure DNS Forwarding or public DNSon TCP/IP level, you configure Send Connectors on Exchange level.SreenshotsAccepted Domains2007a2010a2010bWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationDescription18

Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation2013aSend Connectors (multiple scopes)2007a19

2010b2013aWhitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation2010a20

*** Troubleshooting Checklist *** Are clients able to send/receive mails (between the 2 forests) by sending mail using the SMTP address ofthe recipientAre clients able to send/receive/accept/decline meeting invitations (between the 2 forests) by sending mailusing the SMTP address of the recipientAutodiscover Name ResolutionDescriptionYou must have an Autodiscover A-record in DNSClients discover other Exchange services by getting information which areoffered in the file autodiscover.xml and published by a CAS server’s virtualdirectory autodiscover.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationIf you use an internal Test-LAB21There must be an Autodiscover A-record present in your internal DNSwhich points to the IP representing your Exchange Web Services, i.e. yourExchange CAS server. Usually you have a DNS zone integrated into ActiveDirectory. This zone name represents your Active Directory domain, butnot necessarily your SMTP domain. If your Active Directory domain nameis different from your SMTP domain name you have to configure anadditional zone which represents this SMTP domain.To configure a new zone in DNS using the Windows interface1.2.3.Open DNS Manager.In the console tree, right-click a DNS server, and then clickNew Zone to open the New Zone Wizard.Follow the instructions to create a new primary, secondary, orstub zone.If your organizations are connected by internetThere must be an Autodiscover A-record present in your public DNS whereyour MX record is hosted too. The Autodiscover record points to the IPwhich represents your Exchange Web Services, i.e. your Exchange CASserver, your Exchange array or your mail gateway (i.e. ISA/TMG).Note: If you use a mail-gateway or ISA/TMG, Autodiscover must beexplicitly published to the Internet.Execute nslookup autodiscover.yoursmtp.domain

ScreenshotsAdditional SMTP-Domains2007a2010a2010b2013a*** Troubleshooting Checklist *** Is autodiscover for every SMTP domain configured in DNSnslookup autodiscover.remote.domainipconfig /DisplayDNS find "autodiscover"Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationNote: If no Autodiscover record can be found, you have to solve this issuebefore continuing.22

CertificatesIf you already published your certificates externally (i.e. by using anofficial 3rd-party SAN certificate) you do not need to create, bind and trustnew certificates. Validate this by using the Remote Connectivity Analyzer.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationIf you do not publish your certificates externally but you activated OutlookAnywhere (i.e. using ActiveSync) and deployed certificates through yourown CA you do not need to create, bind and trust new certificates. Butyou have to deploy the Exchange certificates in the remote environment.23

Create Certificates If you are working in an internal Test-LabYou do not use SAN certificates on the test Exchange CAS serverYour organization now must be prepared to use the appropriate SANcertificates on all Exchange CAS servers.Exchange servers of different organizations communicate in a trustedmanner with each other by validating their SSL certificates. So all CASservers have to use a SAN certificate (containing special subjects) andthey must be able to trust the certificates of the other side.We propose to create one certificate which can be used by all CASservers. This should include the FQDN of the CAS Servers, theirHostnames and the autodiscover FQDN. You can use SelfSSL.exe on a32Bit system or alternatively the makecert.exe tool to create a self-signedcertificate.Selfssl: st-freebusysimple-version 13.htmlmakecert: /Run the software selfssl from the command line like:1. selfssl7.exe /Ncn autodiscover.forest2010a.com;cn autodiscover.f2010a.com;cn m2010a.forest2010a.com;cn m2010a /K 1024 /V 18250 /X /Fc:\forest2010a 2nd.pfx /W Pass1Word /Q2. selfssl7.exe /Ncn autodiscover.forest2010b.com;cn autodiscover.f2010b.com;cn m2010b.forest2010b.com;cn m2010b /K 1024 /V 18250 /X /Fc:\forest2010b 2nd.pfx /W Pass1Word /QNote: If you do not have valid SAN certificates present on both sides, youhave to solve this issue before continuing.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationThis step must be performed24

Bind CertificatesThis step must be performed If you are working in an internal Test-LabYou do not use SAN certificates on the test Exchange CAS serverYour Exchange CAS Servers must bind the newly created SAN certificateto the IIS services of all CAS Servers.Certificates are bound to specific services. Because Availability Servicewhich provides Free/Busy information is done by the IIS, the SSLcertificate must be bound to that service. All other services will preservetheir bound certificates.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationImport an Exchange certificate (2010)251. In the console tree, click Server Configuration.2. From the action pane, click Import Exchange Certificate to openthe Import Exchange Certificate wizard.3. This wizard helps you import a certificate with a valid private keyto your Exchange server. You must enter the password of theprivate key for a successful import.4. On the Introduction page, click Browse to select the file thatcontains the exported certificate, and then enter the password forthe certificate.5. On the Exchange Server Selection page, select the Exchangeserver that you want to import the certificate to.6. On the Completion page, verify that all previously selectedoptions are correct.7. On the final page, follow the steps listed to complete yourrequest. This page also displays the Shell cmdlet syntaxnecessary to import the certificate.

In the console tree, select Server Configuration.In the action pane, click Assign Services to Certificate to open theAssign Services to Certificate wizard. This wizard helps you assign theappropriate services to your certificate for your Exchange organization.On the Assign Services page, use the check boxes in the AssignServices section to choose IIS as service you want to assign to yourcertificate. Click Assign.On the Completion page, verify that all of the services were assignedproperly.Import and assign Exchange certificate (2007)Open IIS Manager and navigate to the level you want to manage.In Features View, double-click Server Certificates.In the Actions pane, click Import.In the Import Certificate dialog box, do the following:Type a file name in the Certificate file box or click the browse button( ) to navigate to the name of a file where the exported certificate isstored.Type a password in the Password box if the certificate was exportedwith a password.Select Allow this certificate to be exported if you want to be able toexport the certificate, or clear Allow this certificate to be exported ifyou do not want to allow additional exports of this certificate.Click OK.Run Powershell to bind the cert to servicesEnable-ExchangeCertificate -Services "IIS"To verify that your certificate is running and enabled run the followingcommand: Get-ExchangeCertificate -DomainName server.domain.comNow restart IIS on CAS servers (i.e. c:\iisreset)Note: If the Exchange Web Services (respective IIS) do not use the SANcertificates you have to solve this issue before continuing.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest Delegation – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationAssign this Exchange 2010 certificate to the IIS service26

Trust CertificatesThis step must be performed If you are working in an internal Test-LabYou do not use SAN certificates on the test Exchange CAS serverYour Exchange CAS Servers must trust the SAN certificate of yourpartners Exchange CAS servers.Certificates are bound to specific services. Because the CAS servers onlycommunicate if they can trust each other the have to know somethingabout the certificate of the partners side. So, your Exchange CAS Serversmust include the certificate of your partners’ side in the store for rootcertificates.Whitepaper Free/Busy – Microsoft Federation and Cross-Forest DelegationAdd certificates to the Trusted Root Certification Authorities store for alocal computer27 Click Start, click Start Search, type mmc, and then press ENTER.On the File menu, click Add/Remove Snap-in.Under Available snap-ins, click Certificates, and then click Add.Under This snap-in will always manage certificates for, click Computeraccount, and then click Next.Click Local computer, and click Finish.If you have no more snap-ins to add to the console, click OK.In the console tree, double-click Certificates.Right-click the Trusted Root Certification Authorities store.Click Import to import the certificates and follow the steps in theCertificate Import Wizard.You may also deploy certificates by using Group Policy. Keep in mind thatthe certificate for Exchange Server itself must be imported directly to thelocal c770315(v ws.10).aspx Open Group Policy Management Console.Find an existing or create a new GPO to contain the certificate settings.Ensure that the GPO is associated with the domain, site, ororganizational unit whose users/machines you want affected by thepolicy.Right-cli

Cross-Forest Delegation GALsync v7 2007 Exchange Online Microsoft Federation GALsync v7 2010 2003 Public folders 2 GALsync v4 1 2010 2007 Microsoft Federation or Cross-Forest Delegation GALsync v7 2010 2010 Microsoft Federation or Cross-Forest Delegation GALsync v7 GALsync v7 2010 2013 Microsoft Federation or Cross-Forest Delegation

Related Documents:

(A) boreal forest º temperate forest º tropical rain forest º tundra (B) boreal forest º temperate forest º tundra º tropical rain forest (C) tundra º boreal forest º temperate forest º tropical rain forest (D) tundra º boreal forest º tropical rain forest º temperate forest 22. Based on the

D. Mixed Evergreen/Deciduous Forest 38 1. Salt Dome Hardwood Forest * 38 2. Coastal Live Oak-Hackberry Forest * 39 3. Barrier Island Live Oak Forest * 39 4. Shortleaf Pine/Oak-Hickory Forest * 39 5. Mixed Hardwood-Loblolly Forest * 40 7. Slash Pine/Post Oak Forest * 40 8. Live Oak-Pine-Magnolia Forest * 40 9. Spruce Pine-Hardwood Flatwood * 41

Business Ready Enhancement Plan for Microsoft Dynamics Customer FAQ Updated January 2011 The Business Ready Enhancement Plan for Microsoft Dynamics is a maintenance plan available to customers of Microsoft Dynamics AX, Microsoft C5, Microsoft Dynamics CRM, Microsoft Dynamics GP, Microsoft Dynamics NAV, Microsoft Dynamics SL, Microsoft Dynamics POS, and Microsoft Dynamics RMS, and

o Microsoft Outlook 2000 o Microsoft Outlook 2002 o Microsoft Outlook 2003 o Microsoft Outlook 2007 o Microsoft Outlook 2010 o Microsoft Outlook 2013 o Microsoft Outlook 98 o Microsoft PowerPoint 2000 o Microsoft PowerPoint 2002 – Normal User o Microsoft PowerPoint 2002 – Power User o Microsoft PowerPoint 2002 – Whole Test

reduce its forest road costs and still improve public safely on forest roads, reduce the impact of forest roads on the environment, and improve the ability of the Forest Service to fully maintain the national forest road system. For example, although the Forest Service already does some cost sharing, it could .

Submit questions to communityforest@fs.fed.us U.S. Forest Service Community Forest and Open Space Conservation Program Frequently Asked Questions (September 2013) General What is meant by the term "Community Forest"? The CFP rule defines Community Forest as "Forest land owned in fee-simple by an eligible entity that

The case for using forest biomass . 6. 7. 10. 11. Ontario's forest biomass advantage. 12. Leadership in the green economy . Spotlight: Integrating biomass in Resolute Forest Products' Northwestern Ontario operations . Sustainable forest policy framework . Spotlight: Forest biomass and the Managed Forest carbon cycle .

accounting profession plays in economic and social development of societies. The Imperatives of Accounting Profession. In a long narrative (Burchell, et al., 1980) stated that the roles of accounting which grace the introductions to accounting texts, professional pronouncements and the statements of those concerned with the regulation and development of the profession is a clear manifestation .