Southern Region Coastal Zone Management Guidelines - Ambergris Caye
Cite as:Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute (CZMAI). 2016. Southern RegionCoastal Zone Management Guidelines. Belize Integrated Coastal Zone ManagementPlan. CZMAI, Belize City.The reproduction of this publication for educational and sourcing purposes is authorized, with therecognition of intellectual property rights of the authors. Reproduction for commercial purposes isprohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Belize Coastal Zone Management Authority and InstituteAll Rights ReservedSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe Belize Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute (CZMAI) extends itssincere gratitude to all those persons, agencies and organizations with a vested interest in theSouthern region for their support and participation in the development of the Southern RegionCoastal Zone Management Guidelines. The process for developing management guidelines forthe region began with the Southern Cayes Region Development Guidelines, which had a specificfocus on development issues for the region’s cayes. The cayes development guidelines wereprepared by Development Solutions Limited, with assistance from the following agencies andindividuals during 2003-2004:Agencies:Archives DepartmentBelize Tourist BoardDepartment of EnvironmentGeology and Petroleum DepartmentMinistry of Economic DevelopmentIndividuals:Ovel Leonardo Jr.Kenneth GaleYanira HernandezBonifacio ChocErika DiamondJoe VillafrancoDr. Ludwig PalacioJack NightingaleChristina GarciaLes WakefieldVictor JacobsAlejandro VernonSgt. Luis AugustShara ValerioCarlos GalvezAnthony AndrewsMalikah CardonaSeleem ChanGregorio ChucThomas GarbuttAvelina HibberdBTIA ToledoFisheries DepartmentForest DepartmentForest DepartmentToledo Institute for Development and Environment (TIDE)Toledo Institute for Development and Environment(TIDE)Toledo Development CorporationToledo Association for Sustainable Tourism and Environment(TASTE)Toledo Association for Sustainable Tourism and Environment(TASTE)Toledo Civil SocietyRio Grande Fishermen CoopMinistry of Rural DevelopmentBelize Defense ForcePunta Gorda Town CouncilPunta Gorda Town CouncilHousing and Planning DepartmentLands and Surveys DepartmentSapodilla Cayes Marine ReserveSarstoon-Temash Institute for Indigenous Management (SATIIM)Tour GuideTour GuideSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 0
CZMAI would also acknowledges the Southern Region Coastal Advisory Committee(SRCAC), and other important interested individuals and stakeholder groups from the region fortheir time commitments during 2011-2012 in updating the cayes development guidelines that ledto the preparation of the present coastal zone management guidelines. The individuals thatparticipated in the process are namely:SRCAC membership2010-2012:Mario ChavarriaJorge RamirezKaren SteinChristina GarciaJames FoleyRachel GrahamFloyd LinoPaula JacobsLyndon RodneyChris HarrisDennis GarbuttVictor JacobsChristian BechWill MaheiaJack NightingaleToledo Development Corporation (Chairperson)Rio Grande Fishermen Coop. Society (Vice Chairperson)Sarstoon-Temash Institute for Indigenous Management(Treasurer/Fundraising Manager)Southern Environmental AssociationToledo Institute for Development and EnvironmentBelize Tourism Industry Association - ToledoPunta Gorda Town CouncilPunta Negra Village CouncilBelize Fisheries DepartmentSouth Coast Citizens for Sustainable DevelopmentToledo Tour Guide AssociationUniversity of Belize – ToledoMonkey River Management Company/Tour GuidePeople’s National PartyToledo Association of BusinessesCZMAI held a series of consultation meetings that were open to the general public duringthe mandatory 60-day public review period following the completion of the first comprehensivedraft of the Belize Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan document. The meeting for theSouthern Region was held in Punta Gorda Town on Thursday June 4th, 2013, and hadparticipation from the following individuals:Public consultations 2013:Paul MahungHernan MorganMaelyn RodneyEvin ArandaDevon PaulinoDevina BolMario ChavarriaJoe VillafrancoAndrei PriceLove FM/TVCitizenCitizenCitizenCitizenCitizenToledo Development CorporationToledo Institute for Development and EnvironmentToledo Children and Adolescence CorporationSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 1
Jack NightingaleBarbara NightingaleCelia MahungMarc MillerChristine SalisburyKirby SalisburyDennis GarbuttKarena MahungNannette NunezJahrine AvilaAshton MartinGlen HindsPrem PopTAB/SUMACitizenToledo Institute for Development and EnvironmentPlenty CitizenCitizenCitizenA final round of consultations was held July 7th 2015-September 7th 2015 as-the re-constitutedCZMA Board of 2014 directed a re-opening of the public comment period.Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 2
Table of ContentsACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 0LIST OF MAPS. 5LIST OF FIGURES . 5LIST OF TABLES . 6LIST OF ACRONYMS . 7GLOSSARY OF TERMS . 8PREAMBLE . 111.0INTRODUCTION . 132.0REGION BOUNDARIES . 15Location and Geographic Definition. 15Regional Context . 153.0OBJECTIVES . 204.0LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED COASTALZONE MANAGEMENT IN BELIZE . 215.0GUIDING PRINCIPLES . 246.0SECTORAL ISSUES AND POLICIES. 256.1Fishing. 256.2Marine Tourism and Recreation . 306.3Land-Use . 356.4Marine Dredging and Mineral Extraction . 566.5 Sensitive Habitats. 586.5.1Corals . 586.5.2Mangroves. 606.5.3Seagrass. 626.6Utilities. 656.6.1Energy . 656.6.2Water . 656.6.3Transportation . 65Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 3
6.6.4Boat Hangers . 666.7Pollution Control . 706.8Infrastructure and Social Amenities . 736.9Conservation . 756.10Scientific Research and Education . 807.0IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY . 818.0CONCLUSIONS . 839.0REFERENCES . 8410.0APPENDICES. 8510.1BACKGROUND . 8510.2SUMMARY OF ENABLING LEGISLATION AND IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES FORENFORCEMENT OF THE INFORMED MANAGEMENT ZONING SCHEME . 8710.3 CHECKLIST FOR HUMAN USE/DEVELOPMENT OF THE COASTAL ZONE . 9010.4 FIGURES . 94Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 4
LIST OF MAPSMap 1: Coastal Planning Regions of Belize . 12Map 2: Southern Coastal Zone Planning Region . 16Map 3: Southern Region Cayes (Northern Sub-region) . 17Map 4: Southern Region Cayes (Western Sub-region) . 18Map 5: Southern Region Cayes (Southern Sub-region). 19Map 6: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Fishing in the Southern Region . 27Map 7: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Marine Recreation in the Southern Region . 32Map 8: : Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Coastal Development in the Southern Region(Northern Portion). 38Map 9: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Coastal Development in the Southern Region(Southern Portion). 39Map 10: Southern Region Cayes with Proposed “Residential I” Land-Use Class . 47Map 11: Southern Region Cayes with Proposed “Commercial I” Land-Use Class. 49Map 12: Southern Region Cayes with Proposed “Conservation I & II” Land-Use Class . 51Map 13: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Coastal Agriculture in the Southern Region . 53Map 14: Coral Cover in the Southern Region. 58Map 15: Mangrove Cover in the Southern Region . 60Map 16: Seagrass Cover in the Southern Region . 62Map 17: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Marine Transportation in the Southern Region . 67Map 18: Informed Management Zoning Scheme for Conservation in the Southern Region. 78LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1: Risk to Corals in the Southern Region by Scenario . 59Figure 2: Risk to Mangroves in the Southern Region by Scenario . 61Figure 3: Risk to Seagrass in the Southern Region by Scenario . 63Figure 4: Lobster Fisheries Catch and Revenue by Scenario . 95Figure 5: Annual Visitation for Marine Tourism and Recreation by Scenario . 96Figure 6: Annual Expenditures for Marine Tourism and Recreation by Scenario. 97Figure 7: Area of Corals at Risk from Human Activities by Scenario . 98Figure 8: Area of Mangroves at Risk from Human Activities by Scenario . 99Figure 9: Area of Seagrass at Risk from Human Activities by Scenario . 100Figure 10: Septic Tank and Soakaway Details for Residential and Low-Impact Buildings . 101Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 5
LIST OF TABLESTable 1: Coastal Communities and Cayes within the Southern Region . 13Table 2: Framework for Implementing Informed Fisheries Management in the Southern Region . 28Table 3: Framework for Implementing Informed Marine Recreation in the Southern Region . 33Table 4: Framework for Implementing Informed Coastal Development in the Southern Region . 36Table 5: Residential Development Standards for Communities within the Southern Region . 37Table 6: Commercial Development Standards for Communities within the Southern Region . 40Table 7:Institute and Community Facilities Development Standards for Communities within the SouthernRegion . 41Table 8: Summary of Land Tenure of the Cayes within the Southern Region . 43Table 9: Residential Development Standards for Cayes within the Southern Region . 46Table 10: Commercial Development Standards for Cayes within the Southern Region . 48Table 11: Conservation Development Standards for Cayes within the Southern Region. 50Table 12: Development Standards for Coastal Agriculture . 52Table 13: Framework for Implementing Informed Coastal Agriculture in the Southern Region . 54Table 12: Framework for Implementing Informed Management Marine Transportation Scheme . 68Table 13: Specifications for Residential Low-Impact Septic Tanks and Soak-a-ways . 71Table 14: Framework for Implementing Informed Management Marine Conservation Scheme . 79Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 6
LIST OF ACRONYMSCZACCZMAIEIAGOBGUARDHGVHRAMarine InVESTMRTGARBCSATIIMSEASRCACSTMPSWMPTIDECoastal Zone Advisory CouncilCoastal Zone Management Authority & InstituteEnvironmental Impact AssessmentGovernment of BelizeGalen University Applied Research & DevelopmentHeavy Goods VehiclesHabitat Risk AssessmentMarine Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offMonkey River Tour Guide AssociationRotating Biological ContactorSarstoon-Temash Institute for Indigenous ManagementSouthern Environmental AssociationSouthern Region Coastal Advisory CommitteeSustainable Tourism Master PlanSolid Waste Management PlanToledo Institute for Development and EnvironmentSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 7
GLOSSARY OF TERMSCertain technical terms have been used in the text of these guidelines. The following representsan explanation of such terms that were not provided within the text.Artisanal/Subsistence Fishing means traditional fisheries involving fishing households (asopposed to commercial companies), using relatively small amount of capital and energy,relatively small fishing vessels (if any), making short fishing trips, close to shore, mainly forlocal consumption.Building Height means the recommended maximum building height that should be allowed foreach building to be measured from ground level to roofBuilding Setback means the recommended minimum distance that should be allowed betweenbuildings or between buildings and site boundariesCommerce means the storage and retail of consumer goodsCommercial Development means land use involving the construction of a building or buildingsthat are used solely for commerce and business activities by the owners or others to theexclusion of all other uses within the density requirements of these guidelinesCommercial Fishing means the harvesting of fish, either in whole or in part, for sale, barter ortrade.Conservation means the retention of the natural features but with allowance of limited nondisruptive developmentConservation Area means areas including the 66ft reserve and other reserves, canal buffers,water bodies, flood prone lands; areas with ecological significance such as mangrove wetlands,Community Facilities means Spaces set aside in large residential or commercial subdivisionsfor public purposes. They may include facilities such as public parking lots, schools, cemeteries,churches, public sporting areas, youth centers, police stations or health facilitiesCoverage any building, including balconies and verandas, and expressed as a percentage oftotal lot sizeDensity means a level of development within a site, as measured by the number of lots per acre,number of dwelling units per acre, or maximum site coverageDevelopment means any activity which involves mining, engineering or building operations orchange of use of land or building in, under, over or on land1Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 8
Dwelling Unit means a living area consisting of contiguous rooms intended for convenient,long-term occupancy by one family and providing complete, independent facilities for living,eating, cooking, sleeping and sanitationFish camp means a building that is permanently or temporarily used for ancillary housing, trapmaking and storage, boar repair and docking by full or part time commercial fishermen aslicensed by the Fisheries Department,Habitable Room means any room except that used for a kitchen or bathroomLand means all incorporeal hereditaments of every tenure or description that are eitherpermanently or temporarily above the surface of the sea, whether through natural or man-madeactivity. The seabed, while not ‘physical’ land, is defined as National LandLiquid Waste means grey water from bath, basin and sink and sewage waste that consist mainlyfrom discharge of body waste.Lots acre should be subdivided and alienatedLow-Density Development means development of a site that does not exceed 20 dwelling unitsper acre, 6 lots per acre and a maximum site coverage of 50 percentLow-Impact Development means an ecologically-friendly approach to site development andstorm water management that mitigates development impacts to land, water and air; throughconserving natural systems and hydrologic functions of the site. Site development includesresidential dwelling units and community facilities and impervious surface cover is a maximumof 30 percent of total coverMarina means a mooring facility for four or more recreational vesselsMaximum Human Carrying Capacity means the maximum population size of humans that theenvironment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water and other necessitiesavailable in the environment.Maximum Number of Floors means the recommended maximum number of floors a buildingshould have, including attics or roof space designed for habitationMaximum Number of Lots means the recommended maximum number of lots in which an acreof land can be subdivided and alienatedMaximum Habitable Rooms means the recommended maximum number of rooms to beallowed and measured per acre of landMaximum Building Coverage means the recommended maximum ground coverage of anybuilding including balconies and verandahs and expressed as a percentage of total lot sizeMaximum Site Clearance means the recommended maximum amount of land that should beallowed to be cleared and expressed as a percentage of the total site areaSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 9
Medium-Density Development means development of a site that does not exceed 40 dwellingunits per acre, 8 lots per acre and a maximum site coverage of 66 percentMedium-Impact Development means an ecologically-friendly approach to site developmentand storm water management that mitigates development impacts to land, water and air;through conserving natural systems and hydrologic functions of the site. Site developmentincludes a combination of residential dwelling units, community facilities and commercialactivities, and impervious surface cover is a maximum of 50 percent of total coverMinimum Lot Size means the recommended smallest size a parcel of land should be allowed tobe alienatedNational Land means all lands, including cayes and parts thereof not already located orgranted and also includes any lands which have been, or may hereafter become, escheated to,leased by, or otherwise acquired by the Government;Piers per Site means the recommended number of piers that should be allowed to be constructedon any sitePrimary Land Use means the recommended preferred use of the siteResidential Development means land use that involves the construction of a building orbuildings that are used solely for permanent or temporary domiciles by the owners or others ona non-commercial basis to the exclusion of all other uses within the density requirements of theseguidelinesResort means a building, buildings or site which offers accommodation and general amenities tovisitors with other uses such as bars, restaurants, general storage and repair facilities anddockingSecondary land Use means the recommended next preferred use to be applied to the site eitherin conjunction with the primary land use or as an alternative to the primary land use if that isnot applicableSolid Waste means any unwanted material that is useless, thrown away or discardedSwamp means an area of very shallow lagoon with mud, savannah or very low vegetationUtility means the service and infrastructure used for the supply of energy, water, communicationand waste disposalSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 10
PREAMBLEThe Belize Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute (CZMAI), a statutory bodyestablished by the Coastal Zone Management (CZM) Act of 1998, is tasked with the broadresponsibility of assisting with the development of policies, strategies and guidelines for theimproved management and sustainable use of the country’s coastal resources at a national level.In keeping with its mandate to prepare an integrated coastal zone management plan, the agencyhas developed regional coastal zone management guidelines to provide support for planneddevelopment and resource management along the coastline and offshore areas of the entirecountry. These guidelines have been prepared for nine (9) coastal planning regions (See Map 1),which were demarcated based on commonalities, geographic definition and regionalcharacteristics. The coastal zone management guidelines will help to integrate managementefforts across the land-sea interface.The Southern Region Coastal Zone Management Guideline was developed in conjunctionwith the stakeholders of the communities within the Southern Region. The Southern Region;which encompasses the coastal communities of Monkey River, Punta Negra, Punta Gorda, CattleLanding and Barranco; is relatively undeveloped and known for its rich diverse flora and faunaas well as its sensitive and pristine ecosystems. Using the expert subjective information fromstakeholders in addition to the best available objective data, CZMAI was able to produce thisguideline with the following goals:1. Encourage and promote the sustainable development of coastal and offshore areaswithin the Southern Region that will promote economic growth while simultaneouslyensuring ecosystem stability and the efficient delivery of ecosystem services.2. Protect and preserve the traditional way of life of the stakeholders within the SouthernRegion3. Ensure sustainability of coastal resources by identifying areas in need of conservationand reducing user conflictsThese goals are culturally informed, and rooted, where possible, on sound science and localknowledge. These guidelines represent the views and recommendations of the stakeholders ofthe Southern Region. They are also a response towards addressing the management gapsidentified by stakeholder communities through an extensive consultation process. The coastalzone management guidelines will ensure that human use of the coastal region occurs inconsideration of the carrying capacity of the environment in addition to other ecological,cultural, social and economic development priorities of the region. These guidelines will aidpolicy development for integrated coastal zone management. They will be implemented by allthose agencies that have legal mandates and/or permitting powers that impact resource utilizationin the coastal zone of Belize, in partnership with this region’s stakeholder groups.Southern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 11
3 KmCoastalZoneMap 1: Coastal Planning Regions of BelizeSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016Page 12
1.0INTRODUCTIONThe Southern region consists of five coastal communities and over sixty-nine cayes,representing the greatest number of cayes found in any of the nine coastal planning regions. Thisregion is also home to four important protected areas that are namely, the Port Honduras MarineReserve, Payne’s Creek National Park, Sarstoon Temash National Park, and Sapodilla CayesMarine Reserve, a World Heritage Site. This region is also rich and diverse in history, people,culture and natural capital. Communities and cayes included within the planning region can beseen in Table 1. There are also several unnamed cayes, which have been assigned numbers.Table 1: Coastal Communities and Cayes within the Southern RegionCoastal Communities:Barranco VillagePunta Ycacos Comm.Punta Gorda TownPunta Negra VillageCattle Landing VillageMonkey River VillageCayes:Range 2Nicholas CayeFrenchman Lagoon AreaRange 1Outside Sheep Head Caye#9 - 20Inside Sheep Head CayeRange 3Wil Cane CayePeter CayeFrenchman CayeWilson CayeStewart Caye#1 Inner Cross CayeSickle CayeLong CayeHunting CayeMcBride CayeMiddle Snake CayeWest Snake Caye#7 Caye#5 CayeSouth Snake CayeSmall CayeRanguana CayeBobby CayeSouthern Region Coastal Zone Management GuidelinesBelize Integrated Coastal Zone Management PlanCoastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016#2 Outer Cross CayeMan of War CayeEast Snake CayeNE Sapodilla Caye#4 CayeFranks CayeLime CayeHead CayeMoho CayeHen and Chickens Caye#8 Caye#3 CayeBird CayeSand Bore#6 CayeAbalone CayeSeal
Southern Region Coastal Zone Management Guidelines Belize Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan Coastal Zone Management Authority & Institute 2016 Page 0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Belize Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute (CZMAI) extends its sincere gratitude to all those persons, agencies and organizations with a vested interest in .
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the twenty existing coastal parishes. Of the twenty parishes in the coastal zone: eight parishes (Calcasieu, Cameron, Iberia, St. Martin, St. Mary, Terrebonne, Lafourche, and Assumption) had acreage added to the coastal zone; and two parishes (Tangipahoa and Livingston) had their coastal zone area reduced by the recent legislation.
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The Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Business is designed for use in schools and colleges. It is part of a suite of GCE qualifications offered by Pearson. These sample assessment materials have been developed to support this qualification and will be used as the benchmark to develop the assessment students will take. P v 3 1 2014 2014 2. P v 3 1 2014 2014 3 General marking guidance .
