Session 8: Introduction To Vehicle Telematics, Data Handling And .
www.inl.govSession 8: Introduction to VehicleTelematics, Data Handling andReporting for Different Purposes andData-Intense ProjectsJim FrancfortU.S. Department of the Navy Fleet ManagementTrainingNREL, Golden, ColoradoFebruary 2016This presentation does not contain any proprietary,confidential, or otherwise restricted informationINL/MIS-16-37766
Telematics Definition Broad definition is:Combination of computer science, telecommunications,and vehicles, with the goal of controlling a vehicle orcollecting vehicle data For PEVs (plug-in electric vehicles), goals include:– Benchmarking a technology and petroleum reductionbenefits– Understanding use (mission) patterns, including theuse of charging infrastructure For ICE vehicles (internal combustion engine), telematicscan be used to determine replacement suitability by PEVs2
Telematics Trade-offs Vehicle telematics systems can be designed to:– Support intense data collection activities from a smallsample of vehicles (AVTA example) Expensive, with high logging rates (0.01 seconds),and many variables– Support large fleet data collection activity (2 examples) Must be low-cost per vehicle, with a minimalnumber of variables from a large sample Often on a per-trip basis, not second-by-second May include multiple data sources– Support vehicle-based information needs (Examples inSessions 9 and 10 Case Studies) May include an entire fleet on a per vehicle basis Costs have to be a consideration Always balance data costs versus minimum informationneeds3
Data Collection Rate Considerations Per-trip data (lower costs) can be designed to:– Benchmark per trip, per day, and per year mileage tosupport replacement potential and use– Determine where vehicles congregate day and night tosupport placement of charge infrastructure– Determine maintenance schedules– Document peak speeds and idle times Second-by-Second data (higher costs) may be needed to:– All of the above– Determine routes– Alert fleet manager of accidents– Support security needs– Quantify vehicle performance and operations Always balance data costs versus minimum informationneeds4
AVTA Vehicle Testing:Small Sample Size, Data Intense, High Fidelity,Telematics Systems5
Small Sample, High Fidelity PEV Data Collection INL manages the light-duty vehicle aspect of the DOEAdvanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA) High cost per PEV activity 5,000 data logger hardwareper vehicle, plus cellular service, engineering, and backoffice costs Test vehicles with high petroleum reduction potential– Electric Vehicles (Full size, urban, and neighborhood)– Plug-In Hybrid Electric– Hybrid Electric & Idle-Stop– Alternative Fuel (CNG, H2)– Advanced Internal Combustion6
AVTA Testing & Data Collection SequencePurchase Vehicle (2 - 4 of each make/model)Install On-Board Data Logger4,000 Miles for Break-InTrack Performance and Coast Down TestingDynamometer TestingData Collection During Fleet OperationEnd-of-test Component and Performance Evaluation7
Telematics Use: AVTA Vehicle Performance Tests Closed Track Performance Tests–––––0-60 mph, ¼ mile, 1 mile accelerationCoast Down for road-load determinationBrakingBattery transients during testsTesting performed by ETEC Labs Chassis Dynamometer Tests– Drive cycle based fuel economy or energy consumption/range UDDS, HWFET, US06, SC03 (US EPA Cycles) at 20 F, 72 F, 95 F– Steady-state speed fuel economy/energy consumption, gradeability– Testing performed by Argonne National Laboratory8
Telematics Use: AVTA Data – Fuel & Electricity Normally kWh captured onboard the vehicle Electricity fueling event noted by PEV via increase inbattery state-of-charge– Mileage and date electronically collected Used to benchmark fuel used and miles driven fuelefficiency Electricity metered by EVSE, collected from providerdatabase, with unique access cards for each vehicle9
Telematics Supports Collection of Depreciation,Maintenance and Operating Costs Purchase, residual, and sale prices capturedMaintenance and mileage is recorded and compiledReports detail every maintenance itemOperating costs based on capital costs, fuel costs,maintenance costs, insurance, and state registration10
On Road Data Collection via Telematics Data is collected, second-by-second, by a mixture ofOBD-2 and ‘Normal’ CAN messages, and custom ine speedFuel consumptionBattery currentBattery voltageBattery temperatureAir conditioning usageCoolant temperatureAmbient temperatureCatalyst temperatureBrake on/offAccelerator pedal position Charging data is also collected for Plug-In ElectricVehicles Other interesting data is collected, as available,depending on the vehicle– i.e. electric motor torque, electric motor speed, transmission gear, brakepressure, etc11
Telematics For A PEV Model Each PEV model has aunique data collectionmodel (variables,hardware, software) INL’s minimumstandard PEV datamodel has 30 variables At any one time, morethan 25 different datamodels are being used,based on PEVtechnology and OEMdata systemsSignalsColumn1AMB TEMPBATT VOLT12v bat C bus side current during chargeDC bus side volt during chargeBattery thermal stateCell NumMaxVltCell NumMinVltCell number of max volt 0 to 11Cell number of min volt 0 to inChlrInletTempAC chiller inlet OLANT TEMPEnblChrgENG RPMEVSE PilotStatHEV RadFanHVBatCrntHVBatSOCCharge sustaining bitIgnition statusAxle torqueCompressor StatusEngine coolant tempEnable Charge event 1 yes 0 noEngine speedCooling FanHV Battery currentHV Battery SOCHVBattClgInletTempHVBattClgOutletTempBattery thermal cooling inlet tempBattery thermal cooling outlet tempHVBatVltJ1772 ICAJ1772StatHV Battery voltageJ1772 input current availableMod NumMaxVltMod NumMinVltModule number for max voltage 0 to 7Module number for min voltage 0 to 7OBC MdODOPDL POSProxStatPrplsnSysAtvVEH SPEEDCharging modeodometerAccel pedeal positionUnitsdeg CVolts%%%%AmpsVoltsdeg Cdeg Cdeg CVoltsVoltsdeg CNmdeg CRPM%Amps%VoltsAmpsdecimaldecimalKm%Propsultion system active - drive cycleKm/h12
Telematics For A SecondPEV Model One benchmark project of 110PEVs involved 91 uniquemetrics Onboard data collectionsampled at 1/100 second,stored at 1/10 second Significant onboard datastorage required Significant cellular bandwidthrequired Costs multiplied with datastorage, quality controls,processing and reportingrequirementsDS-PHEV DOE SignalsSignalSignalsAC GridTmAC GridTmLAC PwrFctrAC SELAC SideCurrAC dlLowVoltageAccPwrMdlLowVoltOutCurrAMB TEMP AVGAvgFuelLvlDescriptionOn-Board Charger Total AC Grid Support Time(Applicable to Vehicle-to-Grid)On-Board Charger Total AC Grid Support Time Long (Cumulative) (Applicable to Vehicle-to-Grid)A/C Power Factor (Calculated Signal - based on ACVolt and Current Input to Charger)Customer A/C SelectionAC Side (Input to Charger) CurrentAC Side (Input to Charger) VoltageAccelerator Pedal Actual PositionA/C Compressor Electrical PowerAccessory Power Module Input CurrentAccessory Power Module Low VoltageAccessory Power Module Low Voltage OutputCurrentAveraged Ambient TemperatureAverage Filtered Fuel Level in LitersCellVltMinChrgCurrAvalChrgrCntctrVltBattery Pack Balance Mode In ProgressBalance Time for this specific balance of BatteryPackSystem Voltage (12V Battery Voltage)Battery Side (Output of Charger) CurrentBattery Side (Output of Charger) VoltageBattery Pack NumberAverage of the Temperature of all 96 cells in theBattery PackTemperature of the cell with the MaximumTemperature of all 96 cells in the Battery PackTemperature of the cell with the MinimumTemperature of all 96 cells in the Battery PackVoltage of the cell with the Maximum Voltage of all 96cells in the Battery PackVoltage of the cell with the Minimum Voltage of all 96cells in the Battery PackOutput Charge Current available from the chargerCharger Contactor VoltageChrgSustnCharge Sustain Mode Status (True 1)BalMdBalTmBATT VOLTBattSideCurrBattSideVoltBP sM essage16OBCM 3D4h16OBCM 3D6h116168888KLA 410hOBCM 3D2hOBCM 3D2hPPEI Engine General Status 1EAC 100PPEI Acc Pwr Mod General StatusPPEI Acc Pwr Mod General Status7169PPEI Acc Pwr Mod General StatusKOMBI 408hCGW 218816161688813138915 - 18 Volts-50 - 65 Amps0 - 1000 Volts0 - 65534High Volt Battery Information 2High Volt Battery Information 2High Volt Battery Information 2PHEV 210hPHEV 210hOBCM 310hPHEV 212hHCP25ZGW 248h28EAC 100MS 608hDecelFuelCutActDeceleration Fuel Shut Off ActiveEnable charging command from Hybrid ControlProcessorEnable Discharge Mode command from HybridControl ProcessorEngine RPMEngine Actual Steady State TorqueEngine SpeedEstimated Active Charging time as calculated by theHybrid Control Processor1MS 210h1High Volt Contactor ControlHCP CurrRqHCP VBatVltHybTransStInptVoltJ1772 ICAEVSE Pilot StatusVehicle Fuel ConsumptionHybrid Control Processor Current Request to theOnboard ChargerDelay Timer sent by the Hybrid Control Processor tothe DRM - used for setting an internal DRM delaytimerHigh Voltage Battery Available Charge PowerHigh Voltage Battery Available Discharge PowerHigh Voltage Battery currentHigh Voltage Battery State of ChargeHigh Voltage Battery voltageHybrid Transmission StateInput Source Voltage (AC Side)J1772 Input Current Available - Duty Cycle of thePWM from the EVSE determines the availablecharge current82168High Volt Contactor ControlMS 308hEngTrqStatPPEI Engine General Status 1HCP100OBCM 310hMS 608hHCP254881089HCP100High Volt Battery Information 3High Volt Battery Information 3High Volt Battery Information 1High Volt Battery Information 3High Volt Battery Information 1810ETEI Hybrid General Status 1OBCM 310hJ1772 Status broadcasted by the On-Board Charger324BP PHEV 504h24151516BP PHEV 504hETEI Trans Clutch Commands 2ETEI Trans Clutch Commands 2OBCM 3D4hOBC ChrgTmLKiloWatt Hours of Battery Pack Charge - CumulativeKiloWatt Hours of Battery Pack Discharge CumulativeMotor A SpeedMotor B SpeedOn-Board Charger Total Charging TimeOn-Board Charger Total Charging Time - Long(Cumulative)16OBCM 3D6hOBC Ctrl MthOBC IdleTmOBC IdleTmLOn-Board Charger Commanded Control MethodOn-Board Charger Idle TimeOn-Board Charger Idle Time - Long (Cumulative)21616HCP25OBCM 3D4hOBCM 3D6hOBC MdOn-Board Charger Mode3OBCM 310hOBC MdRqOn-Board Charger Mode Request from HybridControl Processor3HCP25OBCM WU StatODOOn-Board Charger Wakeup StatusOdometer ReadingPcmBrkSwPDL POSPlndAvlTmPlndSOCPowertrain Control Module Brake Switch StatusThrottle Pedal Position (Calculated)Planned Availability - Days (Delta days from currenttime to scheduled charging time as determined bythe DRM)Planned Availability - Minutes (Delta minutes, inaddition to days, from current time to scheduledcharging time as determined by the DRM)Planned End SOC for the HV BatteryPlugInStatPlugged In Status3PHEV 210hPP FltIndPower Panel Fault Indicator2OBCM 310hPP StatPPOC PhaseAPPOC PhaseBPPOV PhaseAPPOV PhaseBPower Panel StatusPower Panel Output Current - Phase APower Panel Output Current - Phase BPower Panel Output Voltage - Phase APower Panel Output Voltage - Phase B47799OBCM 310hPP StatPP StatPP StatPP Stat224MS 212hMS 210hHCP PlndAvl98HCP PlndAvlHCP PlndAvlPRND StatusPropulsion System StatusOn-Board charger total power panel timeOn-Board Charger total power panel time - Long(Cumulative)Ready for Charge - from Battery Pack ControlModuleReady for Discharge - from Battery Pack ControlModule116SysPwrMdTotChrgTmVEH SPEEDVIN DATASystem Power ModeTotal Charge Time (including delays)Vehicle SpeedVIN Digits281656VoltFreq60Input AC Voltage FrequencyVoltPhase3Input AC Voltage PhaseVoltTypACInput AC Voltage TypeWatt Hours AC Power (Calculated - AC Charge usedper event)Watt Hours of Charge (Calculated - Output of charger- Per Event)WHrChrg1000-40 - 85 degC10000 - 5 Volts10000 - 5 Volts1000100010000 - 63.5 Amps0 - 511 Volts1 True0 False0123457 1000IGN LK (Ignition Lock)IGN OFF (Ignition Off - 5 pos SW)IGN ACC (Ignition Accessory - 5 pos SW)IGN OFF ACC (Ignition Off & Acc - 4 pos SW)IGN RUN (Ignition Run)IGN START (Ignition Start)IGN SNA (Signal Not Available)0 COMP OFF (Compressor Off)1 COMP ON (Compressor On)2 COMP DEG (Compressor Degraded)3 COMP SNA (Compressor Request SNA)-40 - 214 degC1 Active0 Not Active/SNA0 Disable1 Enable0 No Action1 Discharge Request0 - 65534 RPM-848 - 1199.5 Nm0 - 16383.75 RPM0 - 3600 Minutes10001000100010001000100010001000100010000 NO EVSE (EVSE Not Present)1 CP DET (Control Pilot Detected)2 VOOR (Voltage Out of Range)3 SNA (Signal Not Available)0 - 14200 µl/100ms1000100-32 - 31.5 Amps10000 ZERO (Minutes - 0)1 FIFTEEN (Minutes - 15)2 THIRTY (Minutes - 30)3 FOURTYFIVE (Minutes - 45)4 ONE (Hours - 1)5 TWO (Hours - 2)6 FOUR (Hours - 4)7 EIGHT (Hours - 8)8 SIXTEEN (Hours - 16)9 TWOFOUR (Hours - 24)10 FOUREIGHT (Hours - 48)14 PTS (No Delay - Prepare to Sleep)15 SNA (Signal Not Available)0 - 63.75 KW0 - 63.75 KW-256 - 255.5 Amps0 - 100.000035%0 - 511 Volts0 INIT (Init)1 Neutral Stable State (Neutral stable state)2 EVT Mode1 Stable State (EVT Mode1 stablestate)3 EVT Mode2 Stable State (EVT Mode2 stablestate)4 Gear1 Stable State (Gear1 stable state)5 Gear2 Stable State (Gear2 stable state)6 Gear3 Stable State (Gear3 stable state)7 Gear4 Stable State (Gear4 stable state)8 G1 G2 SP (Gear1 to Gear2 Speed Phase)9 G1 G2 TP (Gear1 to Gear2 Torque Phase)10 G2 G1 SP (Gear2 to Gear1 Speed Phase)11 G2 G1 TP (Gear2 to Gear1 Torque Phase)12 G2 G3 SP (Gear2 to Gear3 Speed Phase)13 G2 G3 TP (Gear2 to Gear3 Torque Phase)14 G3 G2 SP (Gear3 to Gear2 Speed Phase)15 G3 G2 TP (Gear3 to Gear2 Torque Phase)16 G3 G4 SP (Gear3 to Gear4 Speed Phase)17 G3 G4 TP (Gear3 to Gear4 Torque Phase)18 G4 G3 SP (Gear4 to Gear3 Speed Phase)19 G4 G3 TP (Gear4 to Gear3 Torque Phase)20 EVT M1 Gear1 SP (EVT Mode1 to Gear1Speed Phase)21 EVT M1 Gear2 SP (EVT Mode1 to Gear2Speed Phase)22 EVT M2 Gear2 SP (EVT Mode2 to Gear2Speed Phase)0 - 600 Volts1000100010001000100010001000100010000 STATE A (Vehicle Not Connected)1 STATE B (Connected , Not Ready)2 STATE C (Connected, Ready, Ventilation Notrequired)3 STATE D (Connected, Ready, Ventilationrequired)4 STATE E (EVSE Issue 1)5 STATE F (EVSE Issue 2)7 SNA (Signal Not Available)0 - 36000 KWh10001000100010000 - 65534 Minutes012300012345701237012300130100010000 - 36000 KWh-16384 - 16383 RPM-16384 - 16383 RPM0 - 196602 Seconds1000 CURRENT (Current) VOLTAGE (Voltage) POWER (Power) SNA (Signal Not Available)- 196602 Seconds- 65534 Minutes IDLE (Idle) CHARGE (Charge the HV battery) AC PNL (AC Power Panel Mode) AC GRD (AC Grid Mode) UTC (Unable to Charge) STOP (Stop due to fault) SNA (Signal Not Available) IDLE (Idle) CHARGE (Charge the HV battery) AC PNL (AC Power Panel Mode) AC GRD (AC Grid Mode) SNA (Signal Not Available) WU FLT (OBCM Wake-up is faulted) OFF (OBCM Wake-up is Off) ON (OBCM Wake-up is On) SNA (Signal Not Available)- 1677721.4 Km BRAKE OFF (Brake Not Operated) BRAKE ON (Brake Operated) SNA (Signal Not Available)- 100 %10001000100010001000100010001000100010000 - 1440 MinutesProximity (plug-in) statusWHrAC1000-40 - 85 degC0 - 14 DaysPRND STATRdyForDsChrgOBCM 310hCGW 14PrplsnSysAtvPwrPnlTmRdyForChrgOBCM 310h28ProxStatPwrPnlTmL100010001000100010001000-40 - 85 degCOBCM 310hJ1772StatPlndAvlDays1000100010000 - 2400 Minutes0 - 300 Amps9KWattHrs ChgKWattHrs DisChgMtrA SpdMtrB SpdOBC ChrgTm10001000100010001000100010000 - 254 Amps-40 - 85 degC0 - 255 L0 False1 True311612161000PHEV 210hA/C Compressor StatusEngine Coolant TemperatureEstChrgTm10000 No/SNA1 Yes-50 - 65 Amps0 - 1000 Volts0 - 100.000035 %0 - 10.16 KW0 - 25.5 Amps0 - 20 VoltsPHEV 212hFCM 1OBCM 3D2hOBCM 3D2hBP PHEV 50FhCommanded Ignition Switch StatusEVSE PilotStatFUEL USED1000ProxInfoCmdIgnStatEnblChrgSampleRate (ms)0 - 65534 minutes0 - 17CompStatCOOLANT TEMPEnblDisChgMdENG RPMEngActStdyStTorqEngSpdPotential Values0 - 196602 seconds3216GS 418hOBCM 310hETEI Hybrid General Status 1OBCM 3D4hOBCM 3D6h1PHEV 210h1PHEV 210hPPEI Platform General StatusPHEV 212hVEH SPEEDVIN1ProxInfo1ProxInfo1ProxInfo1616OBCM 3D9hOBCM 3D9h0 - 100 %0 NOT READY (Not ready)1 READY (Ready for command)2 CAC (Charge - Allow Current)3 CDC (Charge - Disallow Current)4 DAC (Discharge - Allow Current)5 DDC (Discharge - Disallow Current)6 COMPLETE (Complete)7 SNA (Signal not available)0 IND LMP OFF (Indicator lamp off)1 IND LMP ON (Indicator lamp on)2 IND LMP FLASH (Indicator lamp flashing)3 SNA (Signal not available)0 PPOFF (PP Off)1 RQ PP ON (Request PP On)2 PPCO (PP contactors open)3 PPCCNV (PP contactors closed, no voltageavailable)4 PPCCV (PP contactors closed, voltageavailable)5 PPIF (PP internal Fault)6 PPCF (PP GFCI or end-user fault)7 PPOC (PP end user overcurrent)15 SNA (Signal not available)0 - 50 Amps0 - 50 Amps0 - 150 Volts0 - 150 Volts0 LVR P (Lever in position "P")1 LVR R (Lever in position "R")2 LVR N (Lever in position "N")4 LVR D (Lever in position "D")5 NOT R (Not in reverse - manual trans only)7 LVR SNA (Signal not available)0 NO PROX (Proximity not present)1 PROX (Proximity present)2 VOOR (Voltage Out of range)3 SNA (Signal not available)0 Not Active/SNA1 Active0 - 196602 Seconds0 - 65534 Minutes0101012300 False True False True C OFF (Off) C ACC (Accessory) C RUN (Run) C RQ (Crank Request)- 2400 Minutes- 511.984 Km/Hr010101 001000100010001000100050 Hz60 Hz1 Phase3 PhaseDCAC1000100010000 - 65534 WHrs0 - 65534 WHrs100010001000131000
Telematics Use: Reporting Reports all link to telematicssystems and databases–––––––Baseline Performance TestingFleet Testing Fuel EconomyMaintenance HistoryOn-Road Performance ResultsBattery ReportFact SheetOther reports for focused analysis14
Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstrations:Small Number of Data Variables, Very LargeSample Size, Multiple Data Sources &Telematics Systems15
Largest Use of Telematics for PEV / InfrastructureResearch Used During ARRA ProjectsCharging infrastructure demonstrationsdata totaled 25,000 PEVs and EVSE The EV Project– 8,300 Leafs, Voltsand Smart EVs– 12,400 EVSE and (DCFC)– 124 million test miles– 4.2 million charge events ChargePoint America– 4,600 EVSE– 1.8 million charge events Using the 5,000 data logger would have cost 41.5million just for the hardware16
Telematics For Large Projects - EV Project Low cost per PEV / EVSE, with very large data samples Used existing OEM telematics systems (OnStar, CarWings, and Daimler system)– Required negotiating several NDAs Develop lessons learned to support the future streamlineddeployment of grid-connected electric drive vehicles17
Diverse Locations Geographically broad data collection area requiredwireless and rigorous telematics systems18
Infrastructure Reporting PEVs, EVSE and DCFC data from eight sources INL analyzed grid use and vehicle data for reporting Supports the “what, when, and where” of gridinfrastructure deployment decisions– Documents impact when public EVSE costs money– Documents economic incentives to shift charge times– Documents drivers’ real-world grid-use decisions– Documents BEV versus PHEV grid use– Documents regional grid-use variations– Provides electric utilities with grid demandinformation specific to their service territory19
EVSE Data Parameters Collected1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.Connect and disconnect timesCharge start and end timesMax instantaneous peak powerAverage powerTotal energy (kWh) per charging eventRolling 15 minute average powerDate/time stampUnique ID for charging eventUnique ID for the EVSE And other non-dynamic EVSEinformation (GPS location, EVSE type,etc.) EVSE data collected for each chargeevent20
Vehicle Data Parameters Collected1.2.3.4.5.OdometerBattery state of chargeDate/Time StampVehicle IDGPS (longitude and latitude) And other non-dynamic PEVinformation (PEV model, etc.) Recorded for each key-on and keyoff event21
EV Project Data Complexity Was Significant Blended multiple data streams from multiple sources, allon different delivery schedules Just The EV Project had 44 databases Hundreds of algorithms and thousands of lines of codewere required to generate 56,000 data parameters for 40different monthly and quarterly reports Trade-offs between data logger costs and back officecomplexity and costs22
eVMT (electric Vehicle Miles Traveled) Analysis:Data Variables Small, Very Large Sample Size,Multiple Data Sources & Telematics System23
eVMT Used OEM Telematics Calculated electric vehicle miles traveled (eVMT)for plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles– Ford Fusion Energi, Focus EV and C-MaxEnergi, Honda Accord PHEV and Fit EV ,Toyota Prius PHEV and Leaf EV, ChevroletVolt PHEV Data from the public’s on-road vehicle operation– 158,468,000 miles from 21,600 vehicles– Across the U.S. (i.e. widely varying regionsand climates)24
eVMT Analysis ResultsNissanLEAF *ChevroletVolt ondaFit EVHondaAccordPHEVToyotaPriusPHEVNumber of Vehicles4,0391,8672,1935,3685,8036451891,523Number of 43715,676Total Vehicle MilesTraveled VMT 098,0004,912,9201,794,49419,772,530Total CalculatedElectric Vehicle MilesTraveled eVMT 572,0004,912,920399,4123,224,981Avg. Monthly 1.3Avg. Monthly d Annual timated Annual eVMT9,6979,1129,5484,0694,3379,6803,3362,484Data FormatDescriptionKey-On /Key-OffKey-On /Key-OffGeographicCharacterizationCA, OR,WA, AZ,TX, TN,GA, D.C.,PA, ILCA, OR,WA, AZ,TX, TN,GA, D.C.,PA, IL* nced Key-On / Key-OffNationwideTrip SummaryCA, OR,NJ, MD,CT, MA,RI, NYCA, NYTripSummaryZEV Statesand otherstatesMinimally Charged Vehicles are Not Excluded from analysis.These data include 14% of Accord PHEVs that achieve between 0-50 monthly eVMT25
eVMT and VMTDistance Bins: 0, 0 to 100, 100 to 200, 300 to 400, 400 to 500, etc.26
Handling Telematics Data Internally27
SecurityProtected DataVehicleandChargerDataAccessrestricted byfirewall rulesProject TeamParameters range checkLame data rOEMpushesusingFTPS/SFTPMissing/empty parameter checkConservation of energy checkSOC continuityTransfer completionINL pulls withencrypted transmissionInternal dataquality reportsFleet summaryreports - publicReports posted on WWWINL transmits reports to DOE And OEMsAVT.INL.GOVINL Protect Enclave - Projectmember access onlyINL Internal firewallINL DMZ Firewall28
Data Warehouse ManagementHICEVsFile serverSQL Server data warehouseHEVsPHEVsBEVs & EREVsEVSE & ChargersINL DatabaseINL VehicleDataManagementSystemIndividual vehiclereportsFleet summaryReports - PublicFocused technicalanalyses and customreportspgg(ppp)CD tripsCD /C S tripsCS tripsLog. (CD trips)Log. (CD/CS trips)25507510012515017520022525027530Trip Fuel Econo my (mpg)Avg Hourly Vehicle Charging DemandSun AM - Mon AM0.80.7Sat AM - Sun AM0.6Fri AM - Sat AM0.5Thu AM - Fri AM0.40.3Wed AM - Thu AM0.2Tue AM - Wed AM0.1Mon AM - Tues 0-2359000 - 059100-159200-259300-359400-459500-559Report generatorTime of Day29
Summary Single vehicle data logger total annual costs (hardware,cellular, labor – reporting, engineering, management)about 9,000 per vehicle– Deep dive, engineering study. Data costs not relevant– High per vehicle cost balanced by small sample size Fleet type of telematics system total annual costs(hardware, cellular, labor – reporting, engineering,management) about 725 per PEV and EVSE per year– Large sample required low cost per logger For both methods, signal validation and data qualityassurance processes produce reliable results Always balance data costs versus minimum informationneeds Is the use of OEM telematic systems an option with theNavy’s BEVs?30
Telematics Trade-offs Vehicle telematics systems can be designed to: - Support intense data collection activities from a small sample of vehicles (AVTA example) Expensive, with high logging rates (0.01 seconds), and many variables - Support large fleet data collection activity (2 examples) Must be low-cost per vehicle, with a minimal number of variables from a large sample
01 17-19 YEAR OLDS Session 1: Getting to know each other and getting to know yourself Session 2: Social and gender norms Session 3: Responsibility, choices and consent Session 4: Romantic relationships Session 5: Gender and human rights Session 6: Conception and contraception Session 7: Early and unintended pregnancy Session 8: Sexual health, STIs and HIV Session 9: Talking online
Outline (cont.): Session 9: Animal Abuse and Substance Abuse Session 10: Effects of Animal Abuse on Children Session 11: Family Hierarchy Session 12: Infallibility Fallacy Session 13: Anger Control Session 14: Animal Abuse and Self Talk Session 15: Stress Management Session 16: Communication Skills
CONTENTS ABOUT THE AUTHOR 5 INTRODUCTION 6 SESSION ONE: Biblical Foundations of Loving the Broken 8 SESSION TWO: The Anatomy of the Healing Journey 44 SESSION THREE: Trauma 76 SESSION FOUR: Safe Churches 104 SESSION FIVE: A Kingdom Perspective 130 SESSION SIX: A Way Forward 158 SESSION
work/products (Beading, Candles, Carving, Food Products, Soap, Weaving, etc.) ⃝I understand that if my work contains Indigenous visual representation that it is a reflection of the Indigenous culture of my native region. ⃝To the best of my knowledge, my work/products fall within Craft Council standards and expectations with respect to
Grade (9-1) _ 58 (Total for question 1 is 4 marks) 2. Write ̇8̇ as a fraction in its simplest form. . 90. 15 blank Find the fraction, in its
One individual midterm case report due session 9. Class Reflection Journal: Do each session . on previous session’s case/s and discussion. Put it all together , broken by session, and post as ONE word document before last class session. No need for journal write up on content of midterm case session and the last session. One take-home final .
One individual midterm case report due session 9. Class Reflection Journal: Do each session . on previous session’s case/s and discussion. Put it all together , broken by session, and post as ONE word document before last class session. No need for journal write up on content of midterm case session and the last session. One take-home final .
One individual midterm case report due session 9. Class. Reflection Journal: Do each session on previous session’s case/s and discussion. Put it all together, broken by session, and post as ONE word document before last class session. No need for journal write up on content of midterm case session and the last session. One take-home final due
