VFR Chart Symbols - Fly-ul
8 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHART SYMBOLS AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHART LIMITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 11 12 16 18 TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION CULTURE RAILROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ROADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POPULATED PLACES OUTLINED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BOUNDARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 20 20 21 HYDROGRAPHY SHORELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LAKES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RESERVOIRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STREAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MISCELLANEOUS HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 22 22 23 23 RELIEF CONTOURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ELEVATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UNRELIABLE RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHADED RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AREA RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MISCELLANEOUS RELIEF FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 27 27 27 27 27
9 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 28 29 31 32 32 32 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AIRSPACE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HYDROGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 33 33 35 36 36 36 GENERAL INFORMATION Symbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WAC), Sectional aeronautical charts and Terminal Area Charts (TAC). When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC.
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS AIRPORTS LANDPLANE: CIVIL Airports having control towers (CT) are shown in blue, all others are shown in magenta. All recognizable runways, including some which may be closed, are shown for visual identification purposes. Refueling and repair facilities for normal traffic. Runway patterns will be depicted at airports with at least one hard surface runway 1500 or greater in length. LANDPLANE: EMERGENCY No facilities or Complete information is not available. Add appropriate notes as required: "closed, approximate position, existence unconfirmed. SEAPLANE: EMERGENCY No facilities or complete information is not available HELIPORT (Selected) SEAPLANE: CIVIL AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION ULTRALIGHT FLIGHT PARK (Selected) AIRPORT DATA GROUPING LANDPLANE: CIVIL-MILITARY LANDPLANE: MILITARY Refueling and repair facilities not indicated. 10
11 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO (VOR) RANGE ILS COMPONENTS Shown when component of airway system or used in the description of Class B airspace. BROADCAST STATIONS (BS) On request by the proper authority or when a VFR Checkpoint. VOR FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) { VORTAC VOR-DME NON-DIRECTIONAL RADIOBEACON (NDB) NDB-DME REMOTE COMMUNICATIONS OUTLET (RCO)
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION AIR FORCE STATION (AFS) 12 AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS C AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215 /AIM) LONG RANGE RADAR STATION (LRRS) OFF AIRPORT AWOS/ASOS ’ AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS B AIRSPACE CLASS D AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. LAS 002 Only the airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL are shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215 /AIM) All mileages are nautical (NM). All radials are magnetic. ’
13 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS E AIRSPACE CANADIAN AIRSPACE The limits of Class E airspace shall be shown by narrow vignettes or by the dashed magenta symbol. Individual units of designated airspace are not necessarily shown; instead, the aggregate lateral and vertical limits shall be defined by the following: Individual units of designated Canadian airspace are not necessarily shown; instead, the aggregate lateral and vertical limits shall be portrayed as closely as possible to the comparable U.S. airspace. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Airspace beginning at the surface (sfc) designated around airports . Airspace beginning at 700 feet AGL . AIRSPACE INFORMATION ’ Airspace beginning at 1200 feet AGL or greater that abuts uncontrolled airspace (Class G) . Differentiates floors of airspace greater than 700 feet above the surface. When the ceiling is less than 18,000 feet MSL, the value, prefixed by the word "ceiling,” shall be shown along the limits. OFFSHORE CONTROL AREAS AIRSPACE OUTSIDE OF U.S. Other than Canada Appropriate notes as required may be shown. FLIGHT INFORMATION REGIONS (FIR) and /or (CTA) OCEANIC CONTROL AREAS (OCA)
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) Note. Delimiting line not shown when it coincides with International Boundary, projection lines or other linear features. LOW ALTITUDE AIRWAYS VOR and LF / MF (CLASS E AIRSPACE) AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE Only the airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL are shown. The type of area shall be spelled out in large areas if space permits. Low altitude Federal Airways are indicated by centerline. Only the controlled airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL is shown. MISCELLANEOUS AIR ROUTES MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (MTR) SPECIAL MILITARY ACTIVITY ROUTES (SMAR) Boxed notes (as in text) shown adjacent to route. 14
15 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES / AIRPORT PATTERNS (FAR 93) AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL AIRSPACE AREAS SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (SFAR) AREAS Appropriate boxed note as required shown adjacent to area. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. SPACE OPERATIONS AREA (FAR 91.143) SFAR AREA RELATING TO NATIONAL SECURITY Example: Washington DC MODE C (FAR 91.215) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. MISCELLANEOUS AIRSPACE AREAS Parachute Jumping Area with Frequency Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Glider Operating Area Ultralight Activity WASHINGTON DC METROPOLITAN AREA SPECIAL FLIGHT RULES AREA IN EFFECT (See SFAR 94 description in chart border). TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION (TFR) RELATING TO NATIONAL SECURITY Hang Glider Activity Example: P-40/R-4009 SPECIAL CONSERVATION AREAS National Park, Wildlife Refuge, Primitive and Wilderness Areas, etc. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. CAUTION P-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BY TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION. CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUS AND NOTAMS
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION NATIONAL SECURITY AREA 16 AIRSPACE INFORMATION IFR ROUTES Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Arrival Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Departure ’ TRANSITION ROUTES HIGH ENERGY RADIATION AREAS Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. VFR TRANSITION ROUTE ATC CLEARANCE REQUIRED SEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHIC ON SIDE PANEL Uni-directional Bi-directional NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION ISOGONIC LINE & VALUE Isogonic lines and values shall be based on the five year epoch magnetic variation model. TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. LOCAL MAGNETIC NOTES Unreliability Notes COMPASS ROSETTE Shown only in areas void of VOR roses. Compass rosette will be based on the five year epoch magnetic variation model.
17 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION INTERSECTIONS NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION MARINE LIGHTS Named intersections used as reporting points. Arrows are directed toward facilities which establish intersection. With Characteristics of Light AERONAUTICAL LIGHTS AERONAUTICAL LIGHTS VISUAL GROUND SIGNS Shore and Landmarkers VFR CHECKPOINTS Site #
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VFR WAYPOINTS CHART LIMITS OUTLINE ON SECTIONAL OF TERMINAL AREA CHART Stand-Alone Collocated with VFR Checkpoint OBSTRUCTION ’ ’ GROUP OBSTRUCTION ’ ’ OUTLINE ON SECTIONAL OF INSET CHART ’ HIGH-INTENSITY OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS High-intensity lights may operate parttime. MAXIMUM ELEVATION FIGURE (MEF) (see page 2 for explanation). WARNING AND CAUTION NOTES Used when specific area is not demarcated. ’ ’ 18
19 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE RAILROADS All gauges CULTURE RAILROAD SIDINGS AND SHORT SPURS Single Track TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ROADS Double Track Dual Lane Category 1 More Than Two Tracks Primary Category 2 Electric RAILROADS IN JUXTAPOSITION Secondary Category 2 TRAILS Category 3 RAILROADNONOPERATING, ABANDONED, DESTROYED OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION Provides symbolization for dismantled railroad when combined with label "dismantled railroad." ROAD MARKERS Interstate Route No. RAILROAD YARDS Limiting Track To Scale U.S. Route No. Air Marked Identification Label ROAD NAMES Location Only RAILROAD STATIONS ROADS UNDER CONSTRUCTION Features Related to Railroads and Roads
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE BRIDGES AND VIADUCTS CULTURE FERRIES, FERRY SLIPS AND FORDS Railroad Road OVERPASSES AND UNDERPASSES CAUSEWAYS TUNNELS-ROAD AND RAILROAD PROMINENT FENCES BOUNDARIES International POPULATED PLACES OUTLINED Large Cities Category 1 Cities and Large Towns Category 2 State and Provincial Convention or Mandate Line POPULATED PLACES Towns and Villages Category 3 Date Line 20
21 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE CULTURE TIME ZONES SMALL LOCKS MINES AND QUARRIES WEIRS AND JETTIES Shaft Mines and Quarries POWER TRANSMISSION & TELECOMMUNICATION LINES SEAWALLS PIPELINES BREAKWATERS Underground DAMS DAM CARRYING ROAD PASSABLE LOCKS PIERS, WHARFS, QUAYS, ETC. MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES OUTDOOR THEATER WELLS Other Than Water
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE HYDROGRAPHY RACE TRACKS SHORELINES Definite LOOKOUT TOWERS Air marked identification (Site Number) Fluctuating 618 (Elevation Base of Tower) LANDMARK AREAS Unsurveyed Indefinite TANKS Man-made LAKES Label as required COAST GUARD STATION Perennial When too numerous to show individual lakes, show representative pattern and descriptive note. Non-Perennial AERIAL CABLEWAYS, CONVEYORS, ETC. (dry, intermittent, etc.) Illustration includes small perennial lake RESERVOIRS Natural Shorelines HYDROGRAPHY OPEN WATER Man-made Shorelines Label when necessary for clarity Too small to show to scale INLAND WATER Under Construction 22
23 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information HYDROGRAPHY STREAMS Perennial HYDROGRAPHY WET SAND AREAS Within and adjacent to desert areas AQUEDUCTS Non-Perennial Fanned Out Alluvial fan Abandoned or Under Construction Braided Underground Disappearing Suspended or Elevated Seasonally Fluctuating Tunnels MISCELLANEOUS HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES with undefined limits Kanats with maximum bank limits, prominent and constant Sand Deposits In and Along Riverbeds Underground aqueduct with air vents
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information HYDROGRAPHY HYDROGRAPHY FLUMES, PENSTOCKS AND SIMILAR FEATURES To Scale Elevated Underground FALLS Abandoned or Under Construction Abandoned to Scale SMALL CANALS AND DRAINAGE / IRRIGATION DITCHES Double-Line Perennial Single-Line Non-Perennial RAPIDS Double-Line Abandoned or Ancient Numerous Single-Line Representative pattern and/or descriptive note. CANALS Numerous 24
25 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information HYDROGRAPHY COASTAL HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES SALT EVAPORATORS AND SALT PANS MAN EXPLOITED HYDROGRAPHY LAND SUBJECT TO INUNDATION salt pans SWAMPS, MARSHES AND BOGS SPRINGS, WELLS AND WATERHOLES HUMMOCKS AND RIDGES GLACIERS MANGROVE AND NIPA GLACIAL MORAINES mangrove ICE CLIFFS PEAT BOGS peat bog TUNDRA CRANBERRY BOGS RICE PADDIES Extensive areas indicated by label only. SNOWFIELDS, ICE FIELDS AND ICE CAPS ICE PEAKS FORESHORE FLATS Tidal flats exposed at low tide.
VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information HYDROGRAPHY ROCKS-ISOLATED 26 RELIEF CONTOURS Bare or Awash Basic WRECKS Exposed REEFS-ROCKY OR CORAL Approximate MISCELLANEOUS UNDERWATER FEATURES NOT OTHERWISE SYMBOLIZED Intermediate FISH PONDS AND HATCHERIES ICE Permanent Polar Ice Auxiliary Depression Illustration includes mound within depression Values Pack Ice 0 200 00 10
27 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information RELIEF RELIEF SPOT ELEVATIONS ELEVATIONS SAND OR GRAVEL AREAS Position Accurate SAND RIDGES Position Accurate, Elevation Approximate To Scale UNRELIABLE RELIEF Approximate location SAND DUNES To Scale Critical SHADED RELIEF Highest on Chart ROCK STRATA OUTCROP MOUNTAIN PASS 12632 HACHURING AREA RELIEF FEATURES QUARRIES TO SCALE STRIP MINES, MINE DUMPS AND TAILINGS UNSURVEYED AREAS To Scale Label appropriately as required CRATERS UNCONTOURED AREAS MISCELLANEOUS RELIEF FEATURES Label appropriately as required RELIEF DATA INCOMPLETE DISTORTED SURFACE AREAS lava ESCARPMENTS, BLUFFS, CLIFFS, DEPRESSIONS, ETC. LAVA FLOWS LEVEES AND ESKERS
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS LANDPLANE All recognizable runways, including some which may be closed, are shown for visual identification. 28 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO (VOR) RANGE HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS HELIPORT SEAPLANE ULTRALIGHT FLIGHT PARK VOR AIRPORT DATA GROUPING VORTAC VOR-DME NON-DIRECTIONAL RADIOBEACON (NDB) NDB-DME { Boxed airport name indicates airport for which a Special Traffic Rule has been established.
29 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION NAVAIDS USED TO DEFINE CLASS B AIRSPACE BROADCAST STATIONS (BS) On request by the proper authority or when a VFR Checkpoint. AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS B AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215/AIM) All mileages are nautical (NM) All radials are magnetic. FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) CLASS C AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215/AIM) REMOTE COMMUNICATIONS OUTLET (RCO) CLASS D AIRSPACE HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS E SURFACE (SFC) AIRSPACE AIRSPACE INFORMATION CANADIAN AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. SPECIAL AIRSPACE AREAS SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (SFAR) AREAS RELATING TO NATIONAL SECURITY Example: Washington DC HELICOPTER ROUTES Appropriate notes as required may be shown. WASHINGTON DC METROPOLITAN SPECIAL FLIGHT RULES AREA IN EFFECT (See SFAR 94 description in chart border). Special regulations apply to all aircraft operations below Flight Level 180 in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area. Pilots should contact a local AFSS for NOTAM information prior to flight in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area. AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) Note. Delimiting line not shown when it coincides with International Boundary, projection lines or other linear features. 30
31 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VFR CHECKPOINTS Only the airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL is shown. The type of area shall be spelled out in large areas if space permits. MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (MTR) SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES / AIRPORT TRAFFIC AREAS (FAR PART 93) Appropriate boxed notes as required shown adjacent to area. VFR WAYPOINTS Stand-Alone Collocated with VFR Checkpoint OBSTRUCTIONS ’ MODE C (FAR 91.215) ’ Appropriate notes as required may be shown. MISCELLANEOUS AIRSPACE AREAS Parachute Jumping Area with Frequency Glider Operating Area Ultralight Activity Hang Glider Activity SPECIAL CONSERVATION AREAS MAXIMUM ELEVATION FIGURE (MEF) (see page 2 for explanation). NAVIGATION DATA ’ ’ National Park, Wildlife Refuge, Primitive and Wilderness Areas, etc. ’ ’ TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. ’ ’
HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS - Topographic Information NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION WARNING AND CAUTION NOTES CULTURE POWER TRANSMISSION LINES PROMINENT PICTORIALS LOCAL MAGNETIC NOTES LANDMARKS Unreliability Notes CULTURE RAILROADS HYDROGRAPHY Single Track Double Track SHORELINES ROADS Dual Lane MAJOR LAKES AND RIVERS Primary BRIDGES RESERVOIRS RELIEF POPULATED PLACES Built-up Areas BOUNDARIES International State and Provincial SPOT ELEVATIONS Position Accurate 32
33 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS LANDPLANE AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS B AIRSPACE No distinction is made between airports with services and those without services. Runways may be exaggerated to clearly portray the pattern. Hard-surfaced runways which are closed but still exist are included in the charted pattern. FAR 91 - Fixed wing special VFR operations prohibited. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215 /AIM) All mileages are nautical (NM). All radials are magnetic. VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION VHF OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR) CLASS C AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215/AIM) VOR VORTAC VOR-DME CLASS D AIRSPACE NON-DIRECTIONAL RADIOBEACON (NDB) NDB-DME NAVAIDS USED TO DEFINE CLASS B AIRSPACE CLASS E SURFACE (SFC) AIRSPACE
VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL AIRSPACE AREAS AIRSPACE INFORMATION SUGGESTED VFR FLYWAY AND ALTITUDE SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (SFAR) AREAS RELATING TO NATIONAL SECURITY IFR ROUTES Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Example: Washington DC Arrival Departure Appropriate notes as required may be shown. WASHINGTON DC METROPOLITAN AREA SPECIAL FLIGHT RULES AREA IN EFFECT (See SFAR 94 description in chart border). Special regulations apply to all aircraft operations below Flight Level 180 in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area. Pilots should contact a local AFSS for NOTAM information prior to flight in the Washington DC Metropolitan Area. TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION (TFR) RELATING TO NATIONAL SECURITY TRANSITION ROUTES Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Uni-directional Bi-directional SPECIAL USE AIRSPACE Example: P-40/R-4009 Only the airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL is shown. Appropriate notes as required may be shown. CAUTION P-40 AND R-4009 EXPANDED BY TEMPORARY FLIGHT RESTRICTION. CONTACT AFSS FOR LATEST STATUS AND NOTAMS. MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (MTR) VFR TRANSITION ROUTE ATC CLEARANCE REQUIRED SEE SHOWBOAT GRAPHIC ON SIDE PANEL 34
35 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES / AIRPORT TRAFFIC AREAS (FAR Part 93) NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VFR CHECKPOINTS Appropriate boxed note as required shown adjacent to area. MODE C (FAR 91.215) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. VFR WAYPOINTS AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Stand-Alone Collocated with VFR Checkpoint OBSTRUCTIONS Only those obstacles specified by the FAA shall be shown. Above Ground Level (AGL) heights are not shown. MISCELLANEOUS AIRSPACE AREAS ’ ’ Parachute Jumping Area Glider Operating Area Ultralight Activity NAVIGATIONAL DATA ’ ’ Hang Glider Activity ’ ’ ’ ’
VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE RELIEF RAILROADS Spot Elevations Single and Multiple Tracks Position Accurate Mountain Peaks ROADS Dual Lane HARBOR FREEWAY 110 Primary POPULATED PLACES Built-up Areas Towns BOUNDARIES International POWER TRANSMISSION LINES PROMINENT PICTORIALS LANDMARKS POWER PLANT HYDROGRAPHY SHORELINES MAJOR LAKES AND RIVERS RESERVOIRS 36
When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC. VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 10 AIRPORTS LANDPLANE: CIVIL . VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 24 FLUMES, PENSTOCKS AND SIMILAR FEATURES Elevated Underground FALLS Double-Line Single-Line RAPIDS Double-Line
VFR Country Chart Type Chart Title Effective Date Austria VFR Austria / Österreich Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Mar-24 Benelux VFR Benelux Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Jun-16 Croatia VFR Croatia / Kroatien / Rep.Hrvatska - North Aeronautical Chart VISUAL 500 2022-Jul-14
VFR FLIGHT OK, VFR AS OPPOSED TO WHAT? VFR as opposed to "IFR". This is one time that aviation does get simple. When you go up in an airplane, there's . Take a look at this chart, it shows the what and where of VFR flight. Notice that the vast majority of U.S. airspace is Class "E", and that it is wide open for VFR operations.
When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC. 9 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS LANDPLANE-MILITARY . VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 22 FLUMES, PENSTOCKS AND SIMILAR FEATURES Elevated Underground FALLS Double-Line Single-Line RAPIDS Double-Line
USE OF VFR 'MOVING MAP' DEVICES In this leaflet 'VFR Moving Map' means either a device, or software for use on a device, which may be used for the planning and/or execution of a VFR flight. The key feature is that it displays the aircraft's position in real time on a map format that includes relevant aeronautical information for VFR .
USE OF VFR 'MOVING MAP' DEVICES In this leaflet 'VFR Moving Map' means either a device, or software for use on a device, which may be used for the planning and/or execution of a VFR flight. The key feature is that it displays the aircraft's position in real time on a map format that includes relevant aeronautical information for VFR .
TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VFR CHECK POINTS VFR WAYPOINTS Stand-Alone Colocated with VFR Check Point AIRSPACE INFORMATION OBSTRUCTIONS MAXIMUM ELEVATION FIGURE (MEF) NAVIGATION DATA WARNING, CAUTION NOTES NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION
Symbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WACs), Sectional Aeronautical Charts (Sectionals), Terminal Area Charts (TACs), VFR Flyway Planning Charts and Helicopter Route Charts. When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated as such (e.g. WAC or Not shown on WAC).
APS 240 Interlude Ð Writing Scientific Reports Page 5 subspecies of an organism (e.g. Calopteryx splendens xanthostoma ) then the sub-species name (xanthostoma ) is formatted the same way as the species name. In the passage above you will notice that the name of the damselfly is followed by a name: ÔLinnaeusÕ. This is the authority, the name of the taxonomist responsible for naming the .
