API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 588 FIRST EDITION,

COMMITDTEEAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 588FIRST EDITION, NOVEMBER 2018RAFTRecommended Practice for Source Inspection andQuality Surveillance of Fixed Equipment

ForewordCOMMITTEEDRAFTThis recommended practice has been developed to provide information for source inspectors for thepurpose of providing a consistent method of Supplier/Vendor (S/V) quality surveillance for the oil,petrochemical and gas industries. It is intended as a resource for individuals studying to take the APISource Inspector Certification examination. Other references contained herein and in the published Bodyof Knowledge (BOK) will also be necessary for individuals to become familiar with in order to pass theexamination and to perform satisfactorily in the source inspection.

Contents1Scope/Purpose . 112Introduction. 213References . 224Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms. 335Training and Certification . 10105.1General . 10105.2Levels of Training and Experience . 1010General . 10105.2.2Awareness/Entry SI Level 1 (Awareness Level) . 1011105.2.3Basic SI Level 2 (Basic Level) . 11115.2.4SI Level 3 (Stand Alone SI Level 3) . 11115.2.5Master SI Level 4 (Master Level) . 111211AFT5.2.1Source Inspection Management Program . 12127Project Specific Source Inspection Planning Activities . 1313DR6General . 13137.2Equipment Risk Assessment . 13137.3Development of a Source Inspection Project Plan . 157.4Development of Inspection and Test Plans . 157.5Selection of an Inspector . 167.6Coordination of Inspection Events . 17167.7Report Review . 1716ITMMSource Inspection Performance . 17O8TEE7.1Inspector Conduct and Safety . 178.2Review of Project Documents. 17C8.18.2.1General . 178.2.2Contractual Agreements. 18178.2.3Engineering Design Documents . 18178.2.4Company and Client Standards . 188.2.5Industry Codes and Standards . 188.2.5.1General . 18168.2.5.2API Codes and Standards . 18178.2.5.3ASME Codes and Standards . 19178.2.5.4ASNT Standards . 22218.2.5.5AWS Standards and References . 2221v

8.2.5.6SSPC Standards . 23218.2.6Welding Procedures and Qualifications . 238.2.7NDE Procedures . 24238.2.8Project Schedules . 24238.3Performing the Source Inspection . 24238.4Source Inspection Work Process Scheduled Planning Events . 248.4.1General . 248.4.2Pre-purchase Meeting (Prior to Contract Placement) . 248.4.3Pre-inspection Meeting (Prior to Start of Fabrication) . 2524Report Writing . 258.6Nonconformance/Deviations. 26258.7Source Inspection Project Continuous Improvement . 28278.8Source Inspector Continuous Improvement . 28Examination Methods, Tools and Equipment . 2928R9AFT8.5General . 29289.2Review and Confirmation of Materials of Construction . 29289.3Dimensional Inspections . 30299.4Visual Inspections . 31309.5Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Techniques . 3130TEED9.1General . 31309.5.2Penetrant Testing (PT) . 31309.5.3Magnetic Testing (MT) . 31309.5.4Radiographic Testing (RT) . 31309.5.5Ultrasonic Testing (UT) . 32319.5.6Hardness Testing (HT) . 32319.5.7Positive Material Identification (PMI) . 3231COMMIT9.5.19.6Destructive Testing . 32319.7Pressure/Leak Testing . 32319.7.1General . 32319.7.2Pressure Testing . 32319.8Performance/Functional Testing . 33329.9Surface Preparation/Coatings Inspections . 333210Final Acceptance . 343311Manufacturing and Fabrication (M&F) Processes . 353411.1General . 3534vi

11.2Welding Processes and Welding Defects. 353411.3Casting . 363411.4Forging . 363511.5Machining. 373611.6Assembly . 373611.7Metallurgy Issues Associated with Manufacturing and Fabrication Processes . 3836The Structure and Metals . 383611.7.2Physical Properties of Metals . 383711.7.3Mechanical Properties of Metals . 383711.7.4Hardness and Hardenability of Metals . 383711.7.5Weldability of Metals . 383711.7.6Preheating and Postweld Heat Treatment . 3837Preheating . 383411.7.6.2Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT). 393511.7.6.3Other Heat Treatments . 3935R11.7.6.1D12AFT11.7.1Pressure Vessels . 3938General . 393812.2Vessel Methods of Construction . 403812.3Vessel Materials of Construction . 403812.4Vessel Internal Components. 414012.5Vessel Design and Construction Standards . 414012.6Dimensional Check of Pressure Vessels. 424112.7Heat Exchangers . 4341ITMMPiping . 4442O13TEE12.1General . 444213.2Valves . 444213.3Flanges . 454413.4Fittings . 474514C13.1Structural Components . 4746Annex A . 49464948Annex D. 5756Chemical Symbols . 5756vii

MMOCITTEEDAFTR

MMOCITTEEDAFTRGuide

Recommended Practice for Source Inspection and Quality Surveillance of FixedEquipment1Scope/PurposeCOMMITTEEDRAFTThis study guiderecommended practice (RP) covers the process of specifying the necessary providingquality surveillance of materials, equipment and fabrications being supplied for use in the oil, petrochemicaland gas Industry, including upstream, midstream and downstream segments. This guideRP may be usedas the basis for providing a systematic approach to risk-based source inspection in order to provideconfidence that materials and equipment being purchased meet the minimum requirements as specified inthe project documents and contractual agreements. The activities outlined in this study guide doRP arenot intendintended to replace the manufacturer’s/fabricator’s own quality system, but rather are meant toguide source surveillance inspectors (SSI) acting on behalf of purchasers to determine whethermanufacturers/fabricators own quality systems have functioned appropriately, such that the purchasedequipment and materials will meet contractual agreements.This study guideRP focuses primarily on pressure containing and structural equipment (fixed equipment)including: vessels, columns/towers, heat exchangers, piping, valves, pressure relief devices, tubulars,and associatedsupporting structural fabrications. This document assumes that suppliers/vendors (S/V)have been pre-qualified by a systematic quality review process of their facilities and quality processes todetermine if the facility has the ability to meet the requirements of the contractual agreements. Thatprocess generally leads to a list of pre-approved S/V’s deemed acceptable to the supply chainmanagement of the purchaser who are capable of meeting the requirements of the contract prior to itbeing placed. S/V’s on such a list will normally have an acceptable quality process already in place thatmeets the requirements of the contract. An approved S/V list may also indicate that S/V’s have thetechnical skills and can meet the SCM commercial terms and conditions. The purpose of sourceinspection in such a case is simply to verify that the S/V quality processes are working as it should and toverify that certain all critical steps in the inspection and test plan (ITP) have been satisfactorilyaccomplished prior to fabrication completion and/or shipping.TheOne of the primary purposes of this study guideRP is to assist candidates intending to take the APIsource inspection examinationSource Inspection Examination to become certified source surveillanceinspectors.Source Inspectors. The study guideRP outlines the fundamentals of source surveillanceinspection and may be useful to all personnel conducting such activities to perform their jobs in a competentand ethical manner. For more information on how to apply for Source Inspection Certification, please visitAPI website at www.api.org/si and follow the work process shown in chart below.API rogramThe Source Inspector Examination contains 100 multiple-choice questions targeting core knowledgenecessary to perform source inspection of fixed equipment. The focus of the exam is on sourceinspection issues and activities rather than design or engineering knowledge contained in the referencestandards. The exam is closed book and administered via computer based testing (CBT). The bulk of thequestions address mechanical inspection/surveillance which are typically known by persons who haveexperience working as source inspectorsSource Inspectors, or persons intending to work as sourceinspectorsSource Inspectors who have studied the material in this study guideRP and the associatedreference materials.1

GUIDE FOR SOURCE INSPECTION AND QUALITY SURVEILLANCE OF FIXED EQUIPMENT2IntroductionLike most business processes, the Source Surveillance Inspection work process follows the Plan–Do–Check–Act circular process first popularized in the 1950’s by Edward Deming. The “Planning” part ofsource inspection is covered in Sections 6 and 7 of this study guideRP and involves the sourceinspection management systems, source inspection project plan and the inspection and test plan (ITP).The “Doing” part is covered in Sections 8 and 9 and involves implementing the ITP, participating inscheduled source inspection work process events, filing nonconformance reports (NCRs) and sourceinspection report writing. The “Checking” part, covered in Section 8.7, involves looking back at all thesource inspection activities that occurred in the Planning and Doing segments to see what went well andwhat should be improved based on the results of that look-back. And finally, the “Act” part (sometimescalled the “Adjust” part) covered in Section 8.8 involves implementing all the needed improvements in the“Planning and Doing” process before they are implemented on the next source inspection project.ReferencesAFT3The most recent editions of these codes, standards or other recommended practicesRecommendedPractices are referenced in this study guideRP and are the documents from which the SI exam has beendeveloped.RAPI (American Petroleum Institute)Inspection Practices for Pressure VesselsRP 577Welding Inspection and MetallurgyRP 578Material Verification Program for New and Existing Alloy Piping SystemsStd 598Valve Inspection and TestingITTEEDRP 572ASME (ASME International; formerly known as American Society of Mechanical Engineers)MBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC)Section II—Mater

inspection management systems, source inspection project plan and the inspection and test plan (ITP). The “Doing” part is covered in Sections 8 and 9 and involves implementing the ITP, participating in scheduled source inspection work process events, filing nonconformance reports (NCR