Max Völkel, Elena Simperl Wiki Meets Semantic Web .
Max Völkel,Elena SimperlWiki meets Semantic WebWibKE:Wiki-basedKnowledge EngineeringSecond International Workshop on SemanticWikisWibKE 2006@WikiSym2006Odense
Our Goals: Why are we doing this?What is the semantic web?Introducing the semantic web to the wiki communityWhere do semantic technologies help?State of the art in semantic wikisFrom Wiki to Semantic WikiTalk: „Doing Science in the Wiki“, Jens Gulden, TU BerlinDiscussion: What is the future of (semantic) wikis?Using external information in wikisCreating valuable knowledge with wikisIntegration/InteroperabilityBetween wikis, wiki engines, wikis and the webWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Workshop Structure14:00 – 15:30 : Session 1What is the semantic web?Where do semantic technologies help in wikis?Q&A15:30 – 16:00: Coffee break (keep talking )16:00 – 17:30: Session 2Talk: Science in a Wiki (Jens Gulden, Berlin)Discussion: What is the future of (semantic) wikis?WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
What is the semantic web?The new web. Web 3.0, if you like.Trend: Web sites work together (Mesh-Ups)Today: Skilled programmers can create mesh-ups in a few daysTomorrow: Users can create mesh-ups in minutesTrend: Meta-search enginesToday: Companies set-up vertical search enginesTomorrow: Structured search engines for everyone’s needsTrend: Publishing data on the webToday: Publishing data in specific formats for specific communitiesTomorrow: Publishing data in a universal format for arbitraryaudiencesWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
What is the semantic web?Idea: Websites augmented with formal annotations.Machine-processable metadataSearch by uniquely identified concepts instead of ambigious keywordsApple (Company) instead of „Apple“Structured search instead of keyword sets *, located in, Denmark instead of „city denmark“Using implicit knowledge Odense, located in, Denmark and Denmark, located in, Europe Odense, located in, Europe (located in is a transitive relation).Located in: DenmarkI live hereOdenseLast edited on:23:58, 16. Aug2006Population: 186.595WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006Is a: City
What is the semantic web?Idea: Ontologies define the meaning of the metadata.What means „city“?It‘s a concept (class); a spaciallocation.What means „located in“?It‘s a transitive property. It linkslocations.What means „population“?It is a numerical attribute of a city.Who is „I“? Linking to the FOAFprofile of a user.FOAF is the „semantic business card“(Friend-of-a-Friend).WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
How does this work?W3C standardsUniversal data language: RDF (graph-oriented)Ontology languages:RDFS (simple)OWL (mighty)ValidatorsTools:Annotation toolsOntology editorsTools for extracting ontologies from textReasoning toolsAPIs in all common programming languagesOntology search enginePersonal RDF storeWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Annotation tool (Magpie): Relevant concepts from climatology,physics and chemistry are highlighted.WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Ontology editor (Protégé): 13.000 registered users.WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Ontology search engine: (Swoogle): 1 Million annotated documents indexed.WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Personal RDF store (Piggy Bank), a Firefox-pluginWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
The roots of the semantic webAIReasoning, expert systems, knowledgerepresentationData basesThe semantic webSharing datausing otherpeople‘s dataQuerying, data integrationNatural language processingInformation extraction, thesauriThe WWWXML, URI, HTTPpublishing datafor all„API“ toknowledgeexchangePhilosophyOntologyDigital LibrariesMetadataBiologyTaxonomies, data integrationWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
The path to the semantic webWeb 2.0TaggingAnnotation with ambigouskeywordsSingular/plural-problemSynonys100% manual processSemantic WebAnnotation with uniquelyidentified conceptsReasoning (tag „city“implies tag „location“)Mesh-Ups100% hand-codedbeforehand by geeksSpontanously by end-users(e.g. Piggybank)SearchKeyword-based or tag-basedsearch finds documentsStructured/semanticsearch integrates datasources and createsdocumentsTime frame2004 - 20072007 – 2010WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Usage of semantic technologiesOracle has RDF support in Oracle 10.2gAdobeUses RDF to handle user-supplided metadata in all their documents(PDF, Illustrator, )VodafoneRingtone site managed with RDFBioPAXcollaborative effort to create a data exchange format for biologicalpathway dataWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Semantic WikisWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Where do semantic technologies help?State of the art in semantic wikis.Imagine, you are a researcher and you are travelling toOdense, Denmark.Hmm, how large is Odense? And compared to other citiesin Denmark and Europe?What is Odense known for? Which writers were born inOdense besides H. C. Andersen? Did they leave Odense?Where did they die?Ah, Andersen is great and there are many movies based onhis writings. Hmm, could I see one of these movies in myhometown, or get a DVD of it?WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Hmm, how large is Odense? And compared to othercities in Denmark and Europe?Population of Odense?Solution: Google for wikipedia entry and read articleAnd compared to other cities in Denmark and Europe?We want a table with City name Country Population Solution A:There might be a list in wikipedia for „Cities in Europe“.It might be up-to-date.Now we browse to each page, and copy the numbers andcountry to a spreadsheet application.Solution B:Execute query (page „Europe“ has a link to the query) ask [[Category:City]][[population: *]][[located in::Europe]] /ask WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
We want a table with City name Country Population WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
What is Odense known for?Hans-Christian Andersen! You don‘t need any tools for that. Which writers were born there besides H. C. Andersen?Solution A)Google for writers and browse the results?Go to Wikipedia [[Category:Danish poets]], browse 39 pages andread them.Solution B) ask [[born in::Odense]] [[Category:Writer]] /ask And read over Andersen Did they leave Odense? Where did they die?SPARQL:SELECT ?writerWHERE {?writer ex:born in wp:Odense.?writer ex:died in ?city.?city ! wp:Odense. }WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Ah, Andersen is great and there are many movies based on hiswritings.Hmm, could I see one of these movies in my hometown, orget a DVD of it?Solution A)Google: „movie andersen“, then google for your local cinemas, thenbrowse their program; then look in Amazon or Ebay, or better useFroogle, or Kelkoo, or WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Ah, Andersen is great and there are many movies based on hiswritings.Hmm, could I see one of these movies in my hometown, orget a DVD of it?Solution B)2010: Create your own mesh-up:Connect data source: IMDB, Amazon, Wikipedia, Free-CDDBAsk SPARQL query2007-2010:People annotate my cinemas with Piggy Bank, Magpie, Annoteaor Semantic MediaWiki.Piggy Bank integrates RDF sources.2006: The technology is there, some data is missingSemantic wikis fill the gap.WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006Piggy Bank-based mesh-up.
Semantic WikisState of the artWikis creating semantic contentSemantic MediaWiki.jp, COW, Kaukolu, KawaWiki, KnoBot,OntoWiki, Wekiwi, WikiVariables, WiktionaryZ, KendraBase,OpenRecordSemantic tagging: SweetWikiOntology Editor: POWLAnnotated pages: PlatypusMathematics: SWiMLabels: SnipSnapWikis using semantic contentRDF-portal: WikkedOr bothWikSAR, IkeWiki, MaknaWikipedia: Semantic MediaWikiPersonal Knowledge:SemWiki,SemperWikiWibKE –Wiki-based KnowledgeEngineering@WikiSym2006
Metadata creation:The Annotation ModelDefinition: A formal annotation links a digital artifact tomachine-processable data about the artifact (metadata).What is annotated?A wiki, a wiki page, a part of wiki page, or a linkWhat is the annotation?A type, a wiki page, a keyword, or a conceptWhat is the target of the annotation?A wiki page, a keyword, or a conceptWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Metadata creation IIIntegration into existing wiki user interfaces (minimalinvasive)Can re-use existing semantic resources (vocabularies,concept identifiers published on the web)Wikipedia articles can serve as concept identifiers.Existing social process.Multimedia content can also be annotated in a wiki.Semantic wikis as a flexible system for collaborativelycreating content with semantic annotationsThe vocabulary of the community can be re-use in othercommunities, wikis, applications, contexts.WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Metadata usage in the wikiFind inconsistencies between different language versionse.g. Population of Edinburgh (as of 17.05.2006)» En: 448,624, no date» De: 435.790 in 2005» Fr: 448 624 in 2001» Dk: 453.670 in 2004Automatic tables and listsE.g. Countries sorted by area, population, alphabet, Maintenance with hand crafted checksDoes every country have one capital?Visualization and browsingWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
IntegrationIntegrate different wikis using the same wiki engineIntegrate different wikis using the different wiki enginesIntegrate different wikis and web applications of all kindIntegration of semantic wikis in external applicationslatte wikipedia.get(“Latte Macchiatto”);print latte[“contains”] And many unexpected onesWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
DiscussionWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Are semantic wikis still wikis?Characteristics of wikis are:Parsimonity: Concentrate on a set of easy to understand and learn(learning by copying exmaples)Easy Linking - by referring to the title of another page a link to anarbirztrary Wiki page can easily nbe created. After thinking long aboutit, this is the core wiki feature in my opinion.Creation of new articles by just linking to them (Agile Contentcreation, describe on demand)Version management - not all wikis have thatYou can do what you want, but it's always easy to roll back and undoWiki Syntax - some wikis have WYSIWYG insteadCheap: No installation of specific tools needed (just a standardwebbrowser)For your Boss: Low Total Cost of OwnershipWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Problemswith non-semantic Wikis:Searchwith semantic Wikis:Guiding the user to re-usecategories, relations andattributesDocument-centricStructuringCan metadata be createdautomatically from the content?NavigationRedundant contentinconsistenciesExportWiki features:Parsimonity, Easy Linking, Creation,Version management, Wiki Syntax,CheapSemantic wiki:Metadata creation,Metadata usage,Application scenarios,IntegrationWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
Topics raised by workshop participantsUsing data and/or ontologiesSpatial views on semantic data/relationsHow can a wiki be exposed as web services?Creating data and/or creating ontologiesTeachers annotating student worksWikis showing data base content, stories and navigation pathsAutomatic creation of metadata x 2User motivation for metadata creation?How to represent complex scientific data?Ontology engineering desing patternsMetaWhat do wiki people like/don‘t like on SemWeb?WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge EngineeringRelation between wikis and semanticwikis: Same community of users?@WikiSym2006
Contact Informationhttp://ontoworld.org/wiki/WibKE2006Max Völkel (presenter, organizer)FZI Karlsruhe, voelkel@fzi.deElena Simperl (presenter, organizer)FU Berlin, paslaru@inf.fu-berlin.deSebastian Schaffert (organizer)Salzburg ResearchSören Auer (organizer)Uni LeipzigWibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering@WikiSym2006
WibKE – Wiki-based Knowledge Engineering @WikiSym2006 Our Goals: Why are we doing this? zWhat is the semantic web? yIntroducing the semantic web to the wiki community zWhere do semantic technologies help? yState of the art in semantic wikis zFrom Wiki to Semantic Wiki yTalk: „Doing Scie
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ANIMAL NUTRITION Tele-webconference, 27 November, 10 and 11 December 2020 (Agreed on 17 December 2020) Participants Working Group Members:1 Vasileios Bampidis (Chair), Noël Dierick, Jürgen Gropp, Maryline Kouba, Marta López-Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Giovanna Martelli, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova and Guido Rychen Hearing Experts: Not Applicable European Commission and/or Member .
