Australian Guidelines For The Prevention And Control
Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Controlof Infection in Healthcare (2019)Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2019) - National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)The Guidelines provide a nationally accepted approach to infection prevention and control, focusing on core principles and priorityareas for action. They provide a basis for healthcare workers and healthcare facilities to develop detailed protocols and processes forinfection prevention and control specific to local settings.This approach is underpinned by a risk-management framework to ensure the basic principles of infection prevention and control can beapplied to a wide range of healthcare settings including hospitals, day procedure units, office-based practice, long-term care facilities,remote area health services, home and community nursing and emergency services. It is recognised that the level of risk may differaccording to the different types of facility and therefore some recommendations should be justified by risk assessment. Whenimplementing these recommendations all healthcare facilities need to consider the risk of transmission of infection and implementaccording to their specific setting and circumstances.The evidence base for the Guidelines addresses the highest level of risk of infection transmission in the healthcare setting, and haspredominantly been drawn from the acute-care setting. The recommendations should be read in the context of the evidence base andthe advice on the practical application of the recommendations.ContactNHMRC Infection Prevention and Control Teamicg@nhmrc.gov.au 61 2 6217 reventing-infectionSponsors/FundingThe Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare were co-funded by the National Health and MedicalResearch Council and Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care.DisclaimerPublication detailsPublication title: Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2019)Published: May 2019Publisher: National Health and Medical Research CouncilNHMRC Publication Reference: CD34Online version (interactive app): www.magicapp.orgOnline version (PDF): nting-infectionISBN Online: 978-1-86496-028-0Suggested citation: National Health and Medical Research Council (2019) Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control ofInfection in Healthcare. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2019All material presented in this publication is provided under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia licence(www.creativecommons.org.au), with the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, NHMRC logo and content identified as beingowned by third parties. The details of the relevant licence conditions are available on the Creative Commons website(www.creativecommons.org.au), as is the full legal code for the CC BY 4.0 AU licence.AttributionCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia Licence is a standard form license agreement that allows you to copy, distribute, transmitand adapt this publication provided that you attribute the work. The NHMRC’s preference is that you attribute this publication (and anymaterial sourced from it) using the following wording: Source: National Health and Medical Research Council.Use of imagesUnless otherwise stated, all images (including background images, icons and illustrations) are copyrighted by their original owners.Contact usTo obtain information regarding NHMRC publications or submit a copyright request, contact:E: nhmrc.publications@nhmrc.gov.auP: 13 000 NHMRC (13 000 64672) or call (02) 6217 9000
Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2019) - National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)SectionsSummary of recommendations . 61 - Introduction .202 - Basics of infection prevention and control .232.1 - Infection prevention and control in the healthcare setting .232.2 - Overview of risk management in infection prevention and control .272.3 - A patient-centred approach .312.3.1 - Involving patients in their care.323 - Standard and transmission-based precautions .353.1 - Standard precautions.353.1.1 - Hand hygiene .363.1.2 - Use and management of sharps, safety engineered devices and medication vials.523.1.3 - Routine management of the physical environment .593.1.3.1 - Emerging disinfection methods .753.1.4 - Reprocessing of reusable medical devices .873.1.5 - Respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette .933.1.6 - Aseptic technique .933.1.7 - Waste management .983.1.8 - Handling of linen .993.2 - Transmission-based precautions .993.2.1 - Application of transmission-based precautions . 1003.2.2 - Contact precautions . 1013.2.3 - Droplet precautions. 1073.2.4 - Airborne precautions . 1133.3 - Personal protective equipment . 1213.3.1 - Other items of clothing. 1343.4 - Management of multi-resistant organisms and outbreak situations . 1343.4.1 - Multi-resistant organisms . 1353.4.2 - Outbreak investigation and management . 1473.4.2.1 - Infection control strategies to contain an outbreak . 1533.5 - Applying standard and transmission-based precautions during procedures . 1573.5.1 - Taking a risk-management approach to procedures . 1583.5.2 - Invasive medical devices . 1593.5.2.1 - Indwelling urinary devices . 1613.5.2.2 - Intravascular access devices . 1633.5.2.3 - Ventilation . 169
Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2019) - National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)3.5.2.4 - Enteral feeding tubes . 1703.5.3 - Surgical procedures . 1713.5.3.1 - Preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) . 1734 - Organisational support . 1764.1 - Management and clinical governance . 1764.1.1 - Clinical governance in infection prevention and control . 1774.1.2 - Roles and responsibilities . 1784.1.3 - Infection prevention and control program . 1804.1.4 - Risk management . 1814.1.5 - Taking an organisational systems approach to infection prevention quality and safety . 1854.2 - Staff health and safety . 1864.2.1 - Health status screening and immunisation . 1874.2.2 - Exclusion periods for healthcare workers with acute infections . 1924.2.3 - Managing exposures to occupational hazards . 1964.2.4 - Healthcare workers with specific circumstances . 1974.2.5 - Exposure-prone procedures . 1984.3 - Education and training . 2044.3.1 - Education strategies . 2064.4 - Healthcare associated infection surveillance . 2074.4.1 - Role of surveillance in reducing healthcare associated infection. 2074.4.2 - Types of surveillance programs. 2084.4.3 - Data collection and management. 2094.4.4 - Outbreak surveillance . 2104.4.5 - Disease surveillance in office-based practice . 2104.4.6 - Notifiable diseases . 2104.5 - Antimicrobial Stewardship . 2114.5.1 - Antimicrobial resistance in Australia . 2124.5.2 - Antimicrobial stewardship programs . 2144.5.3 - Antimicrobial stewardship surveillance methods . 2154.6 - Influence of facility design on healthcare associated infection . 2164.6.1 - Mechanisms for influencing healthcare associated infection through environmental design . 2165 - APPENDIX 1: Case studies and examples . 2215.1 - Risk-management: Case study for hand hygiene in a neonatal intensive care unit . 2215.2 - Risk-management: Case study for glove use, hand hygiene and seasonal influenza vaccination in an office-based practice. 2225.3 - Example: Education in practice - hand hygiene . 2235.4 - Risk-management: Case study for the prevention of needlestick injury during surgery at a tertiary referral hospital . 2245.5 - Risk-management: Case study for spills management in a busy paediatric ward . 225
Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare (2019) - National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)5.6 - Risk-management: Case study for reprocessing of instruments in a dental practice . 2265.7 - Risk-management: Case study for Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis in a neonatal unit . 2275.8 - Risk-management: Case study for influenza in a long-term care facility . 2275.9 - Risk-management: Case study for M. tuberculosis . 2295.10 - Risk-management: Case study for M. tuberculosis among immunocompromised patients attending outpatient services . 2305.11 - Examples of how to perform aseptic technique . 2315.12 - Risk-management: Case study for norovirus outbreak in a long-term care facility . 2345.13 - Risk-management: Case study for management of confirmed case of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) . 2355.14 - Risk Management: Case study for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) outbreak in a large tertiary-care referralhospital . 2365.15 - Risk-management: Case study for infection prevention during renovation of emergency department . 2376 - APPENDIX 2: Supplementary information .
The Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare were co-funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council and Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Disclaimer Publication details Publication title: Australian Guidelines for the Prevention an
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