Characteristic Analysis Of Mechanical Properties On Carbon .

IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 3, Issue 11, 2016 ISSN (online): 2321-0613Characteristic Analysis of Mechanical Properties on Carbon FiberReinforced PlasticAsha Rani M1 Dr.Ashok B.C N2M.Tech Student 2Assistant Professor1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering1,2Vidyavardhaka college of Engineering, Mysuru, Karnataka, India1Abstract— Carbon filament reinforced polymer compositesare used in a built-up of variety components such as Golfsticks, Tennis rackets, Bicycles frame and wheel disk and alsolanding Gear doors. To decline these materials becomesimportant to be familiar with their Mechanical propertiesnamely Tensile, Flexural, Impact and Wear test. Bisphenolresin is a carbon based artificial compound, it is mainlyemployed in fabricating certain plastics. The presentexperiment work concentrated on the study of mechanicalcharacteristics of carbon filament reinforce polymercomposite, they are fabricate using Hand Layup method andthe specimens are developed in the from laminates accordingto ASTM standard and finally evaluate the mechanicalproperties such as Tensile, Flexural, Impact and Hardnesstests using respective procedureKey words: Composites, Carbon filament, Bisphenol resin,Mechanical propertiesI. INTRODUCTIONCarbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite find theirapplications in a wide range of products such as Aerospacestructures, Marine structures, Sports equipments, Electricalpanel boards, Medical prosthesis and so on. Compositematerial is prepared via combination of two or additionalmaterials to provides a distinctive grouping of property.Numerous frequent material is in reality “composites,”together with timber, concrete and metals alloys. On the otherhand, filament durable composite resources differ from thoseuniversal materials in that the ingredient resources of thecompound are macroscopically distinguishable andeventually mechanically separable. In additional theingredient materials work together but remain essentially intheir original bulk figure.The outstanding property of composite isaccomplished via positive distinctiveness of the two mostimportant ingredients that is the filament and the resin. In lowroutine composite the strengthening usually in the form oftiny or chopped particles, provide some stiffening but verylittle strengthening; the load is mainly conceded by the resinphase. In higher performances composite incessant filamentprovides advantageous rigidity and potency; while the resinprovide shield and hold up for the filament and mainlyhelping in reallocate the load from broken to adjacentunbroken fiber. The various reasons for the use of compositesare due to To increase the strength, stiffness and dimensionalstability. To enhance the electrical properties. To decrease the thermal expansion. To increase heat deflection temperature. To increase tough and impact strength. To increase mechanical damping. To reduce cost. To reduce weight.To maintain stiffness at high temperatures while understrain condition in a corrosive environment and reduce thenegative impact on the environment.A. Need for developing composite materialsConventional materials have Easily attacked by environments and they experiencepremature failure Generally heavy in weight and they are intricacy to handle Lack of material properties Less resistance to wear and corrosionSo, all these problems in conventional materials overcomeby introducing by advanced materials known as compositematerials. Composites materials have lot of benefits overconventional materials.B. Categorization of composite materiallargely composite materials can be classified into threegroups on the basis of reinforcing material they are: Fibrous composite Particulate composite Laminate composites1) Fibrous CompositeFrequent strand reinforced composites consists of filamentsand resin. Filaments are the strengthening and the majorfoundation of potency whi1e resin glues all the threadcollectively in outline and transfer anxiety between thestrengthen yarns. The fiber takes a loads along theirlongitudinal commands.2) Particulate CompositesParticulate employed in strengthening embrace stonewareand Glasses such as minute sandstone particles, metalparticles like Aluminium and unstructured materials, togetherwith polymers and carbon black. Particles as well used inraise the modules of the resin and to reduce the ductility ofthe resin.3) Laminated CompositeLaminar composite were establish in numerous combinationas the number of materials. Those can be illustrated asmaterials include of layer of materials tie together. These maybe of numerous layers of two or additional metal materialshappening alternately or in a resolute categorize more thanone time, and in as several statistics as necessary for a preciseprinciple.C. Statement of the problem:Ecological as glowing as customer demands in numerouscountry are impressive superior heaviness on manufacturingof material and finish product. They include considering theecological blow of their product based on composites and atall the phases of their life sequence, including the recyclingand eventual dumping.All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com63

Characteristic Analysis of Mechanical Properties on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 11/2016/014)Those ecological concerns include freshly create substantialattention during the growth of recyclable compositematerials. Therefore, research in the field of using Carbonstrands has engrossed a large amount concentration in thematerial science and commercial discipline. Carbon strand iscertainly a renewable reserve that can be grown-up and madewithin diminutive stage of extent. The main intension of theproject will be characterize the mechanical properties ofCarbon fiber reinforced with Bisphenol resin, Theinvestigation is focused on fabrication technique by Handlayup technique, followed by specimen preparation,conducting experiments and note down the mechanical data,All the test methods are based on a American society fortesting and materials(ASTM).1) Objectives: The reinforced material of two layers Carbon fiber alongwith Bisphenol resin to evaluate the performance analysisby experimental results such as Tension, Flexural, Impactand Hardness properties. To evaluate the performance analysis for three layersCarbon fiber along with Bisphenol resin by experimentalresults. To evaluate the performance analysis for four layerscarbon fiber along with Bisphenol resin by experimentalresults. To evaluate the performance analysis for five layerscarbon fiber and Bisphenol resin by experimental results.a)Fabrication of composite materialsThe Hand layup technique is the one of the oldest open mouldcomposite processing method. The main processing steps inthe Hand lay- up method include: Matrix: Bisphenol resin Fiber: Carbon filament woven mat Hardener: HY951, Promoter, Accelerators and catalyst Other accessories used in the preparation of CFRPlaminates are: Brush, Roller, Mould tool, waste cloth, Scissor andoptional gel coat. Based on the weight of Carbon fiber strands and theweight of the resin hardner mixture proportion iscalculated.Proper care was taken during the preparation of laminatesto avoid the voids (Air gap).The initial sheet of Carbon fiber is fed and matrix isextend uniform1y above the cloth by means of brush, afterthis to augment soaking and impregnation, a teethed steelroller is used to roll above the fabrics.This process is repeated to all the two, three, four and fivelayers are placed respectively.At last detached on or after the mould to acquire a wellcompleted compound p1ate.E. Sample calculation1) Carbon –Bisphenol laminateDimension of each laminate 200 200 mmThickness of Carbon fiber layer one 0.016mmThickness of layer two laminate 0.1mmThickness of layer three laminate 0.2mmThickness of layer four laminate 0.25mmThickness of layer five laminate 0.35mmRatio of Carbon fiber and resin mixture is 60:40Weight of Carbon fiber 150gramsWeight of the resin mixture 90gramsF. Methodology of fabricating the composite materialFig.2.1: Required Materials to Prepare LaminatesD. Fabrication steps The primary step in a Hand lay- up process is cleaning thesurface of the mould by the releasing agent or film.The thin gel is applied to the outside surface of the mouldby using roller.Chopping the Carbon fiber woven mat according to therequired dimensions.The ratio of the carbon fiber to resin hardner mixture istaken as 60:40.Fig.2.4: Methodology of fabrication of compositeAll rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com64

Characteristic Analysis of Mechanical Properties on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic(IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 11/2016/014)G. Carbon FiberCarbon fiber comprises about five to ten micrometers indiameter and composed of Carbon atoms. Carbon fiber is oneof a peculiarity to be complete in the midst of strand is thedissimilarity flanked by Carbon and Graphite filament, eventhough the stipulations are recurrently used interchangeably.Carbon and Graphite filament is pedestal on hexagonalstructure network. If the graphene layers are stacked withthree dimensional instructions, the material is described asGraphite. Frequently comprehensive occasion and hotnessdispensation is necessary to form this array, creation Graphitestrand more costlythus the shear stress should be minimized. This isachieved by scheming the length to deepness quotient.Fig. 3.3: JJ Lloyd computerized universal testing machine4) Impact testII. FUNDAMENTALS OF MECHANICAL TESTINGA.1) 2) Mechanical testsTests Carried OutTensile testFlexural testImpact testHardness testTensile TestThe term tensile test generally refers to the test in whichthe specimen is subjected to gradually increasing axialload until failure occurs. In a tension test, The testspecimen elongates in a direction parallel to the appliedload and load is supplied to gripping ends of the specimen,the usual properties that are directly measured fromtensile test are ultimate tensile strength, maximumelongation and reduction in area. From thesemeasurements the following properties can bedetermined;Youngs modulus (Modulus of Elasticity)Poisson ratioYield strength etc.,Fig.3.4: Charpy Impact test5) Rockwell hardness testFig. 3.5: Rockwell hardness testMore commonly utilize rigidity test is Rockwell rigidity testASTM D785. It is general recognition owing to their velocityand self-determination controls the personal error, capabilityto differentiate the little hardness difference in hard-bittenSteel, and the minute dimension of the groove (serration), sothat ended heat-treated ingredients can be experienced devoidof spoil.III. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSA. Tensile Strngth ResultsFig:2.5Tensile specimen before testingFigure 2.6: Tensile specimen after testing3) Flexural test– The flexure test routine prescribes manner of materialconditioned to simple beam loaded condition. It is alsoreferred as transverse beam examination with fewmaterials extent. Flexure test creates the tensile stress inthe curved side of the specimen and compression stress inthe dipped side. This generates a region of shear stressalong the midline portion. On the way to ensure that theprimary failure comes from tensile or compression stressTable 4.1 Tensile Strength as per ASTM D638 StandardThe above table shows the variation of tensile strength ofdifferent laminates of different thickness along with theirextension. Thus corrersponding maximum Tensile stress atAll rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com65