Sec01 B Sec01 3/31/11 10:42 PM Page 1 Transformer Basics 1
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:42 PM Page 1Transformer Basics1How to Size and Select a TransformerCustom DesignsCertifications1.21.71.8VersionJE901 mDr y-Type Transformers1.1
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:42 PM Page 21Transformer BasicsHow to Size and Select a Transformer1. Go to “How to size a transformer” on page 1.3 to determine the proper KVA based onthe required load voltage, line voltage and load current.For an example let’s use Load voltage 480 volts, Load current, 80 Amps and Linevoltage 208 volts. Using the calculation yields a 66 KVA transformer.2. Go to “How to select a transformer” on page 1.6 and choose the appropriate styleof transformer for the application from the listing.For example if you need a transformer for a three phase industrial application you canchoose the Three Phase Ventilated style.3. Go to the appropriate section in the catalog.For this example, section 5.4. Go to the chapter and review the chapter table of contents and find the pagefor your voltage group.For 208 volt primary to 480 volt secondary, 150 degree temperature rise unitsare on page 5.4.5. On the Selection chart find the voltage group heading, 208 V- 480Y/277 – Aluminumwindings, and select a line with a KVA equal to or larger that the KVA you calculated foryour application in the first column of the chart, 75 KVA. Directly to the right is the catalognumber for the transformer, 423-7231-000. Check the rest of the information in the row forthe dimensional information, shipping weight, 565 lbs, wiring diagram number, T208D, andoptions such as weather shield, 423-7008-075, and mounting brackets, 223-7008-075.1.2Dry-Type Transformers www.jeffersonelectric.com1-800-892-3755
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:42 PM Page 31Transformer BasicsHow to size a transformer Transformer size is determined by the KVA of the load. Load voltage, or secondary voltage, is the voltage needed to operate the load. Line voltage, or primary voltage, is the voltage from the source. Single-Phase has two lines of AC power. Three-Phase has three lines of AC power, each line 120 degrees out of phase with theother two. KVA is kilovolt ampere or thousand volt amperes. This is how transformers are rated.NOTE: If motors are started more than once per hour, increase minimum transformer KVA by 20%.Transformer Selection FormulasSingle-Phase TransformersVolts x Amps KVA1000Plug your numbers into the formula:Voltsx Amps KVA1000Three-Phase TransformersVolts x Amps x 1.732 KVA1000Plug your numbers into the formula:Voltsx Ampsx 1.732 KVA1000VersionJE901 0411To determine the size of the transformer youneed, use this handy formula, or refer to theTechnical Reference Section.Determine the Load VoltageLoad Voltage Determine the Load Current (Amps)Load Current/Amps Determine the Line VoltageLine Voltage Determine if your application is single-phase orthree-phase, and use the corresponding formulain the column at right.The KVA of the transformer should be equal toor greater than the KVA of the load to handlepresent requirements and to account for futureexpansion.Or, use our Product Specifier atwww.JeffersonElectric.com for quick and easytransformer ry-Type Transformers1.3
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:42 PM Page 41Transformer BasicsFull Load Currents (In Amperes) For Single-Phase TransformersVoltage (Line-to-Line)KVARating120 V208 V240 V277 V480 V600 83.5125167279Full Load Currents (In Amperes) For Three-Phase TransformersVoltage (Line-to-Line)KVARating208 V240 V480 V600 09002.95.88.714.4294372108144217290480720For Other Single-Phase KVA Ratings or VoltagesAmperes KVA x 1000VoltsFor Other Three-Phase KVA Ratings or VoltagesAmperes Source: EASA Handbook1.4Dry-Type Transformers www.jeffersonelectric.com1-800-892-3755KVA x 1000Volts x 1.732
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:43 PM Page 51Transformer BasicsSingle-Phase AC MotorsFull Load Currents (Amperes)HP115 V230 243456801002.22.93.64.96.98101217294050Three-Phase AC MotorsVersionJE901 0411Full Load Currents (Amperes)Rating115 V230 V460 V575 7324152627799125144192Sample of howto use this chart:E IxRElectrical RelationshipsNOTE: If motors are started more than once per hour, increase minimum transformer KVA by e Transformers1.5
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:43 PM Page 61Transformer BasicsHow to Select a TransformerSingle Phase Encapsulated - 50 VA to 25 KVA - Section 2For all general loads, indoors or out, including lighting, industrial and commercial applications.Units may be banked for three phase operationSingle Phase Ventilated – 15 to 100 KVA – Section 3For all general single phase loads, indoors or out, including lighting, industrial and commercialapplicationsThree Phase Encapsulated – 3 to 75 KVA – Section 4For all general three phase loads, indoors or out, including lighting, industrial and commercialapplicationsThree Phase Ventilated – 15 to 1000 KVA – Section 5For all general three phase loads, indoors or out, including lighting, industrial and commercialapplications.Totally Enclosed Non Ventilated – 15 to 500 KVA – Section 6Single and three phase designed for use in dirty environments.Drive Isolation – 3 to 990 KVA – Section 7For industrial and commercial applications with SCR-controlled adjustable speed motordrives, and AC adjustable frequency or DC drivesNon-Linear Three Phase – 15 to 500 KVA – Section 8For electronic loads to meet non-linear load demands caused by modern office equipmentFor indoor and outdoor applicationsBuck-Boost – 50 VA to 10 KVA – Section 9For correcting voltage line drops, landscape lighting, low voltage lighting, international voltageadaptation and motor applications. Buck-boost transformers do not compensate for fluctuatingline voltages.Industrial Control – 50 to 5000 VA – Section 10For control panels, conveyor systems, machine tooling equipment, commercial sewingmachines, pumping system panels, and commercial air conditioning applications.Lighting – 100 to 1000 watts – Section 11For use with submersible fixtures including swimming pools, water fountains, low voltagecircuits near water or other shock hazards. These transformers are not submersible.1.6Dry-Type Transformers www.jeffersonelectric.com1-800-892-3755
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:43 PM Page 71Transformer BasicsCustom DesignsJefferson Electric’s engineering team is available to work with you to produce the most efficientand cost effective solution for your specific transformer requirements. Depending on yourneeds, we offer both modified standards and unique designs.Modified Standard TransformersWe can take our standard transformer designsand modify them to meet your needs including: modified enclosures(shape, dimensions and color) input voltages and frequencies(600V and below) output voltages(adding more than one, 600V and below)To request a quote on a modified standard, simplyselect the model that most closely matches yourrequirements, copy that page and fax it to us(800-942-5169), along with your desired modifications and estimated order volume. Visit our website for an on-line quote form.There are applications where a completely newtransformer design is the only viable solution.Our experienced staff will design and produce thetransformer that precisely matches your exactspecifications, regulatory requirements andinternal cost reduction goals.If you have a dry type transformer requirementthat requires a special design, please contact us(phone 800-892-3755 or fax 800-942-5169) todiscuss your needs or fill out the “Get A Quote”section on our website www.jeffersonelectric.com.VersionJE901 0411Unique Type Transformers1.7
Sec01 b Sec01 3/31/11 10:43 PM Page 81Transformer BasicsCertification and safety requirement marks found onJefferson products include:UnderwritersLaboratoriesListing MarkUL RecognizedComponent MarkSamples of the product havemet UL's safety requirementsprimarily based on UL's ownpublished Standards ofSafety.This mark means that thecomponent alone meets therequirements for a limited,specified use.C-UL Listing MarkProducts with this type ofmark have been evaluated toCanadian safety requirements by UL, which may besomewhat different thanU.S. safety requirements.Conformité EuropéeneCSA International Mark(formerly CanadianStandards Association)This mark may appear alone,or with other qualifiers. If itappears alone, it means thatthe product is certified for theCanadian market, to theapplicable Canadian standards.To market electrical products within the European Union (EU), product conformity and the proper use of the CEmark on machines and control equipment is critical. As a major supplier to global companies serving customersin the EU, Jefferson Electric pays special attention to meeting the EU specification and certification requirements. These global companies need the guarantee of free trade of goods, elimination of trade restrictions and harmonization of technical regulations to sell their products to EUmember countries. All Jefferson Electric products that meet or exceed the requirements ofthese directives are designated by the CE mark.To request CE certified equivalents for products not already certified, please contact ourTechnical Support department at 800-892-3755.ETL Intertek VerifiedUnited States and Canada require general purpose transformers to meet specific energyefficiency standards. Jefferson Electric has contracted with Intertek ETL SEMKO an independant organization to test and certify our products. The ETL logo on our products indicatesthat the transformer meets the energy efficiency standards as defined by the NEMA TP-1standard.SeismicIn order to meet seismic qualifications, products must go through rigorous testing tomeet the International Building Code (2006/2009 IBC) and the California BuildingCode (2007/2010 CBC) requirements. Each test must also be met in accordancewith ICC-ES AC156 seismic qualifications.ABS QualifiedABS (American Bureau of Shipping) approved for use on marine vessels including off-shore oil rigs.CSL-3CSL-3 transformers operate more efficiently than NEMA (TP-1) transformers. Each CSL-3 transformer isdesigned to have 30% less loss than a TP-1 transformer.1.8Dry-Type Transformers www.jeffersonelectric.com1-800-892-3755
1-800-892-3755 www.jeffersonelectric.com Dry-Type Transformers 1.3 Transformer Basics 1 How to size a transformer Transformer size is determined by the KVA of the load. Load voltage, or secondary voltage, is the voltage needed to operate the load. Line voltage, or primary voltage, is the voltage
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