ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY AUTHOR GUIDELINES
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPYAUTHOR GUIDELINESArticles submitted for publication to the Annals ofPharmacotherapy (AOP) should advance the safe,effective, and economical use of medications in patients.This Journal recommends that authors follow the UniformRequirements for Manuscripts Submitted to BiomedicalJournals formulated by the International Committee ofMedical Journal Editors (ICMJE).Manuscript SubmissionSubmission should be made at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/aop by following the instructions on that page. Followall instructions as outlined during the manuscriptsubmission process including the creation of separate fileseach for many manuscript features such as title page,figures, tables, main document, etc. Please refer to theinformation and guidance on how best to title your article,write your abstract and select your keywords by visiting theSAGE Journal Author Gateway for guidelines on How toHelp Readers Find Your Article Online. Figures must behigh resolution (at least 300 dpi). They should be submittedexactly as they should appear in the journal. Images are bestsubmitted separately from the text document. Please do notembed images into your manuscript, as embedding imagesin Word or similar programs automatically reduces theresolution below what is needed for quality printpublication. Please ensure that tables are editable (Word,Excel, or PowerPoint format), include captions, and areplaced after reference list (or in separate files if not Wordformat). Do not send images of tables. There are nomanuscript submission fees or page charges. Color figureswill appear in the online version in color free of charge. Toprint figures in color there is a cost to the authors of 800for the first page and 200 for each additional page. Aproduction editor will contact you for more informationshould you have color figures. Any correspondence,queries, or additional requests for information on themanuscript submission process should be sent to the AOPeditorial office as follows: aop@sagepub.com.Cover Letter. All cover letters must include the following:1.2.3.Name of corresponding author with full mailingaddress, telephone and fax numbers, and emailaddress;Article categorypreference (see “ArticleCategories”);Brief explanation of the topic’s significance topatient care;4.Explanation about any similar work by the author(s)or data from the same study that is under review orin press, or results previously presented or published(see “Duplicate Publication”).Assignment of CopyrightAuthors are responsible for obtaining permission touse previously published material. The Annals ofPharmacotherapy uses an Exclusive License to Publishagreement that requires just one author (the CorrespondingAuthor) to sign on behalf of all authors. Please identify theCorresponding Author for your work when submitting yourmanuscript.Criteria for AuthorshipAll authors must have fulfilled the criteria for author- ship,reviewed and approved the paper, and must be able to attestto the integrity of the work submitted. Authorship is basedon substantial contributions to all of the following:(1) project conception or design and collection, analysis,and/or interpretation of data; (2) drafting the article orrevising it critically for important intellectual content; (3)approval of the version to be published; and (4) agreeing tobe accountable and willing to investigate and resolve allquestions pertaining to accuracy and/or integrity of thework. Assistance solely in non-substantive aspects of thesubmission, for example, the acquisition of funding,assembly of data, and referral of patients, does not justifyauthorship. At least one author must be responsible for eachsection of the manuscript. Individuals who provided writingassistance, e.g., from a specialist communicationscompany, do not qualify as authors and so should beincluded in the Acknowledgements section. Authors mustdisclose any writing assistance including the individual’sname, company and level of input, and identify the entitythat paid for this assistance. It is not necessary to discloseuse of language polishing services.AcknowledgmentPersons who have contributed significantly to the substanceof the paper, but whose contributions do not justifyauthorship, should be acknowledged. Acknowledgment oftechnical writers must include their sources of funding.Authors must ensure that all persons named in theacknowledgment, excluding those providing financial ortechnical support, have agreed in writing to be named.
Peer ReviewAll submissions to the Annals of Pharmacotherapy arereviewed by the Managing Editor and/or the Editor-InChief. Many manuscripts are rejected without external peerreview due to reasons including limited scope, scientificmerit, and novel results. Remaining submissions undergoextensive peer and editor’s review prior to publication.We request peer reviewers to submit comments online byfollowing a secure link provided in the editor’s email within10 days. Peer reviewers and editors are required to discloseany potential financial and non-financial conflicts ofinterest. Comments provided by two to four peer reviewersare used by the editors in making a decision aboutacceptance or rejection of each manuscript.Contributor’s Publishing AgreementBefore publication, SAGE requires the author as the rightsholder to sign a Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement.SAGE’s Journal Contributor’s Publishing Agreement is anexclusive license agreement which means that the authorretains copyright in the work but grants SAGE the sole andexclusive right and license to publish for the full legal termof copyright. Exceptions may exist where an assignment ofcopyright is required or preferred by a proprietor other thanSAGE. In this case copyright in the work will be assignedfrom the author to the society. For more information pleasevisit our Frequently Asked Questions on the SAGE JournalAuthor Gateway.Open Access and Author ArchivingAOP offers optional open access publishing via the SAGEChoice program. For more information please visit theSAGE Choice website. For information on funding bodycompliance, and depositing your article in repositories,please visit SAGE Publishing Policies on our JournalAuthor Gateway.Other Categories for Manuscript SubmissionPlagiarism: Annals of Pharmacotherapy and SAGE takeissues of copyright infringement, plagiarism, or otherbreaches of best practice in publication very seriously. Weseek to protect the rights of our authors and we alwaysinvestigate claims of plagiarism or misuse of articlespublished in the journal. Equally, we seek to protect thereputation of the journal against malpractice. Submittedarticles may be checked using duplication-checkingsoftware. Where an article is found to have plagiarized otherwork or included third-party copyright material withoutpermission or with insufficient acknowledgement, or whereauthorship of the article is contested, we reserve the right totake action including, but not limited to: publishing anerratum or corrigendum (correction); retracting the article(removing it from the journal); taking up the matter withthe head ofdepartment or dean of the author’s institution and/orrelevant academic bodies or societies; and banning theauthor from publication in the journal or all SAGE journals,or appropriate legal action.Duplicate publication: Work that has been published or isdescribed in an article submitted for publication else- wheremay not warrant further consideration. It is thecorresponding author’s responsibility to inform the editorabout all submissions and previous reports describing thesame work.Permission to use copyrighted material: Writtenpermission (original stamp/signature) from the publisher,organization, or person who holds copyright is necessary foruse of previously published tables, figures, or othercopyrighted material.Supplementary materials: This journal is able to hostadditional materials online (e.g. datasets, podcasts, videos,images etc.) alongside the full-text of the article. These willbe subjected to peer-review alongside the article. For moreinformation please refer to our guidelines on submittingsupplementary files, which can be found within ourManuscript Submission Guidelines page.Manuscript Information Form: Stylistic and formattingrequirements for the journal will be sent to authors as theyare asked to revise or complete their manuscripts. Theinstructions on this guideline form must be followed orauthors may risk having production of their papers delayedwhile proper formatting is implemented.Informed consent: Identifying information should not bepresent in written descriptions or photographs of personsunless considered essential for scientific purposes. In suchcases, written informed consent from the person must beobtained by the authors, with documentation includedwith manuscript submission.Conflict of interest statement: Authors must report anyconflicts of interest including, but not limited to, consultingfees, paid expert testimony, employment, grants, honoraria,patents, royalties, stocks, or other financial or material gainthat may involve the subject matter of the manuscript. Ifthere are no conflicts, authors should make a statement ofthis fact.Clinical trials: AOP conforms to the ICMJE requirementthat clinical trials are registered in a WHO-approved publictrials registry at or before the time of first patient enrollmentas a condition of consideration for publication. The trialregistry name and URL, and registration number must beincluded at the end of the abstract.
Reporting guidelines: The relevant EQUATOR Networkreporting guidelines should be followed depending on thetype of study. For example, all randomized controlled trialssubmitted for publication should include a completedConsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT)flow chart as a cited figure, and a completed CONSORTchecklist as a supplementary file.Publication ethics: SAGE is committed to upholding theintegrity of the academic record. We encourage authors torefer to the Committee on Publication Ethics’ InternationalStandards for Authors and view the Publication Ethics pageon the SAGE Author Gateway.ProductionSAGE production: Your SAGE Production Editor willkeep you informed as to your article’s progress throughoutthe production process. Proofs will be sent by PDF to thecorresponding author and should be returned promptly.Article access: SAGE provides authors with online accessto their final article.Online First publication: Online First allows final revisionarticles (completed articles in queue for assignment to anupcoming issue) to be published online prior to theirinclusion in a final journal issue which significantly reducesthe lead time between submission and publication. Formore information please visit our Online First Fact Sheet.ORCID: As part of our commitment to ensuring an ethical,transparent and fair peer review process SAGE has becomea supporting member of ORCID, the Open Researcher andContributor ID. ORCID provides a persistent digitalidentifier that distinguishes researchers from every otherresearcher and, through integration in key research workflows such as manuscript and grant submission, supportsautomated linkages between researchers and theirprofessional activities ensuring that their work isrecognized. The collection of ORCID iDs fromcorresponding authors is now part of the submission processof this journal. If you already have an ORCID iD you willbe asked to associate that to your submission during theonline submission process. If you do not already have anORCID iD please follow this link to create one.English language editing services: Authors seekingassistance with English language editing, translation, orfigure and manuscript formatting to fit the journal’sspecifications should consider using SAGE LanguageServices. Visit SAGE Language Services on our JournalAuthor Gateway for further information.Article CategoriesRESEARCH REPORTS: Original research involvingmedication effectiveness, safety, s,interactions,adherence and use, and pharmacy practice. Meta-analysesare also considered research. Authors are encouraged tofollow the PRISMA guidelines (Moher D, Liberati A,Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, and the PRISMAGroup. PreferredReporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses:The PRISMA Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 151:264269. doi:10.7326/0003-4819151-4-200908180-00135) for meta-analyses. Well-designedprospective studies are given highest priority for acceptance.Limitations of studies must be stated in the text. All reportsmust include, when applicable, a statement in the Methodssection that the work was conducted in compliance withInstitutional Review Board/Human Subjects ResearchCommittee requirements.Abstract: less than 250 words; Text: up to 3000 words References:up to 30; Tables and/or figures: up to 4REVIEW ARTICLES: Comprehensive, significant,critical, and analytical reviews that include essentialinformation on a well-delineated subject. Reviews mustsynthesize and critically evaluate available data rather thansimply describing the findings.GENERAL REVIEWS: After the Introduction section,methods used to search the literature (databases includingPubMed, search terms, search period, and limits), as well asinclusion and exclusion criteria for articles chosen for thereview, should be described. Authors should considerinclusion of studies available on clinicaltrials.gov in thereviews. Study designs and outcomes, including limitationsof research included in the review, should be discussed.Authors are encouraged to follow the PRISMA guidelines(Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, and thePRISMA Group. Preferred Reporting Items for SystematicReviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. AnnIntern Med. 2009; 151:264-269. doi:10.7326/0003-4819151-4-200908180-00135) for systematic reviews.Abstract: less than 250 words; Text: 4000 words.References: up to 100; Tables and/or figures: 4.In addition to general reviews of pharmacotherapy used inspecific conditions, the following categories may beconsidered for focused reviews:New Drug Approvals: Brief reviews of single drugentities that have recently received FDA approval.Abstract: less than 250 words; Text: up to 2500 words.References: up to 30; Tables and/or figures: 4
Formulary Forum: Comprehensive, comparative reviews of single drug entities to aid in the understanding ofthe merits of the agent relative to others in its class.Abstract: less than 250 words; Text: up to 3000 words.References: up to 30; Tables and/or figures: 4Therapeutic Controversies: Critical and balancedassessments of current problems or controversial issues inclinical therapeutics that provide recommendations basedon literature and clinical experience.Abstract: less than 250 words; Text: up to 3000 words.References: up to 30; Tables and/or figures: 4SPECIAL CONTRIBUTIONS: Articles on unusual,topical, or historical subjects that are of unique interest orimportance. Contact the Editorial Office prior tosubmission (aop@sagepub.com).Abstract: less than 100 words (unstructured); Text: up to 1500words. References: up to 15; Tables and/or figures: 1EDITORIALS AND COMMENTARIES: Viewpointson diverse, controversial, or topical subjects. Contact theEditorial Office prior to submission (aop@sagepub.com).Abstract: less than 100 words (unstructured); Text: up to 1500words. References: up to 15; Tables and/or figures: 1LETTERS AND COMMENTS: Letters and commentsshould address areas related to clinical practice, research, oreducation, including recently published articles. Letters arelimited to no more than five authors. Before submitting a letterdescribing an adverse drug reaction, the Naranjo ADR probability scale (Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981;30:239-245) or othervalidated scale should be used to assess the likelihood that theevents were drug-related. Likewise, for reports of druginteractions, the DIPS scale (Ann Pharmacother. 2007;41:674680. DOI 10.1345/aph.1H423) or another validated scaleshould be applied. Ranking from the scale must be included inthe text. Priority is given to letters for which the scores indicatea probable or definite association. Comments must besubmitted within 6 months of an article’s publication.Abstract: none required; Text: up to 500 wordsReferences: up to 5; Tables and/or figures: 1Style GuidelinesAuthors are required to follow AOP’s style, which isconsistent with the American Medical AssociationManual of Style, 10th t Preparation: Manuscripts should be preparedusing a standard 12-point font on 8.5 x 11.0 inch (216 x 279mm) paper (ISO A4 also acceptable), with margins of at least1 inch (25 mm). It should be double-spaced, including titlepage, abstract, text, acknowledgments, references, tables,and figure legends. Pages must be numbered.Title Page: The title page should contain:1. Article title (concise, but indicating main focus ofpaper);2. Name of each author in line-by-line fashion. Pleaseensure that the appearance and spelling of authornames and surnames is correct and in accordancewith previous publications;3. Highest academic degree held by each author.Please list graduate-level degrees only per AMAguidelines. Please do not list bachelor’s degrees orPharmD candidacies.4. Names of departments and institutions with whicheach author is affiliated;5. Name, address, telephone and fax numbers, andemail address of corresponding author;6. Name, address, fax number, and email address ofauthor to whom reprint requests should be sent, ifdifferent from corresponding author;7. Statement pertaining to funding and conflict ofinterest (see “Conflict of Interest Statement”);8. Information about presentation of the work as anabstract or poster, if applicable;9. Separate word counts of abstract, main text, andreferences; and10. Key words for purposes of indexing and searching.STRUCTURED ABSTRACTAbstracts should be no more than 250 words. Allmanuscripts submitted to Annals, with the exception ofEditorials, Commentaries, and Letters, require an abstractthat is structured with the appropriate headings as shownbelow. (Editorials and Commentaries require anunstructured abstract up to 100 words in length.)RESEARCH REPORTSBackgroundBrief (2–3 sentences) description of why the study isneeded and its importance to the field.Objective1.Concise (1–2 sentences) statement of the objectiveor hypothesis to be addressed.
2.Primary objective identified and stated first,followed by any key secondary objectives.Methods1.2.3.4.Design: Clear statement of the study’s design,including all aspects (eg. parallel group, randomized,blinded). Indicate if Institutional Review Board orother ethical considerations were needed and/orapproved.Participants and setting: The most pertinentinclusion and exclusion criteria, and the settingwithin which the study was conducted.Interventions: Complete details on treatment (eg.drug dose, route of administration, and du- rationof administration) and, if pertinent, controlinterventions.Outcome: Primary and secondary outcomemeasures, identified as such.Results1.2.3.4.Number of participants: Total number, with breakdown into defined groups (eg. treatment, control)shown, followed by number of participantsanalyzed, again with breakdown into definedgroups shown.Outcome: Numbers of participants and eventsshown, with summary of the outcome in eachgroup reported as effect size (eg. relative risk, oddsratio) and precision (confidence interval). Data onall outcome measures and any negative and/ornon-significant findings must be included.Adverse events/safety: Any unintended effectsshown; if none, that should be stated.Limitations: Factors affecting accuracy orgeneralizability of results (eg. small sample size,open- label design).Conclusion and Relevance1.2.Conclusions (not summary) of the study, basedonly on the results shown, with balance of benefitsand harms.What is new about the report and how do
each for many manuscript features such as title page, figures, tables, main document, etc. Please refer to the information and guidance on how best to title your article, write your abstract and select your keywords by visiting the SAGE Journal Author Gateway for gu
Joseph T. DiPiro Terry L. Schwinghammer Cecily V. DiPiro Please provide your comments about this book—Wells et al, Pharmacotherapy Handbook, 9th edition—to its authors and publisher by writing to pharmacotherapy@ mcgraw-hill.com. Please indicate the author and title of this handbook in the subject line of your e-mail.
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