Offshore Wind In Germany Status And Prospects

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Offshore Wind in GermanyStatus and ProspectsAndreas WagnerManaging DirectorStiftung OFFSHORE-WINDENERGIEGerman Offshore Wind Energy Foundation2014 GLOBAL OFFSHORE WINDGlasgow, 11 June

German Offshore Wind Energy Foundationooooo 2Founded in 2005 as an independent, non-profit organisationto promote the utilization and research of offshore windAcquisition of ownership rights (permit) of alpha ventus(Sep. 2005) – moderated/accompanied processPlatform for offshore wind/maritime industry,incl. trade associations, policy-makers and researchOffices in Varel and Berlin (since Q4/2011)Initiator of studies/initiatives- Cost reduction study (Prognos-Fichtner, 2013)- Energy system benefits study (Fraunhofer IWES, 2013)- Collaborative WG between maritime industry andthe offshore wind sectorInvolved in various projects,e.g. OffWEA - consultation, support and moderationPR and public acceptance workInternational (EU) Projects

German Offshore Wind FarmsOperational and grid-connected (Q1/2014)alpha ventus (DOTI) Fully online since 04/2010 12 turbines, 60 MW total capacity Annual electricity production appr. 250 GWh 30 m water depth, 45 km distance to shoreBaltic 1(EnBW) Fully online since 05/2011 21 turbines, 48 MW total capacity 18 m water depth, 15 km distance to shore Annual electricity production appr. 190 GWhBARD Offshore 1 (BARD/Ocean Breeze) Fully online since 08/2013 80 turbines, total capacity: 400 MW 40 m water depth, 90 km distance to shore120 km HVDC sea cable3Riffgat (EWE) Fully online since 02/2014 30 turbines, 108 MW installed capacity 20 m water depth, 15 km distance to shore Grid connection delays (OWF completed in08/2014)

Overview German Offshore Wind Farms(Status Q1/2014)4 616 MW operating (online) 2,324 MW under construction – meanwhile 2,667 MW (6/2014) 872 MW investment decision made – meanwhile 582 MW (6/2014)

Overview German Offshore Wind Farms(Status Q1/2014) 3,5 GW initiated by EEG 2009/12Operational UnderConstructionalpha ventusBaltic 1Bard Offshore 1Riffgat Initiated by EEG 2014? Initiated byONEP?FID madeBorkum West 2* Gode Wind I & IIMeerwind Süd/Ost*Global Tech 1Nordsee OstDan TyskBorkum Riffgrund 1Baltic 2Amrumbank WestButendiek582 MW2,647 MW* OWF construction completed –waiting for grid connection616 MW2010 - 201452014 – 20152015 – 2016FID ?FID ?Veja MateNördlicher GrundDeutsche BuchtHohe SeeAlbatros IHeDreihtMEG Offshore 1KaikasNordergründeDelta Nordsee 1,2SandbankNordsee 2Nordsee OneNordsee 3Borkum Riffgrund 2Borkum Riffgrund West 1WikingerArkonabecken SüdostTrianel WP Borkum(phase 2)3,650 MW3,341 MWBy 2020?20 offshore wind farms fully permitted –almost 7 GW additional capacity

Offshore Grid Connection - a long line ofdelays, regulatory uncertainty and system change6Dec. 2006§17 (2a) EnWG: TSOs obliged for grid connection, (in time!)Oct. 2009Position Paper by regulator est. criteria for offshore grid connectionSince 2010/11Grid connection delays – up to 50-60 ( ) months instead of 30.TenneT letter to the government (7 Nov. 2011), raising liability andfinancing issuesQ1/2012WG Accelerated Grid Connection (moderated by:SOW) recommendations to govt. on how to overcome delaysQ3-4/2012Draft bill for change of EnWG (on system change/liability issues)issued & adopted by govt., adopted by Parliament in late 2012Jan. 2013April 2013New EnWG enters into force, i.e. regulatory system change Implementation Guidelines (BNetzA) on liability, capacity transfer,ONEP development by TSOs (OGDP)Sep. 2013Federal ElectionDec. 2013Coalition Treaty - New Targets for RE, including Offshore WindJan. 2014ONEP 2013 published – enters into forceApril 2014Start of consultation on ONEP 2014 and on grid capacity allocation(with regulator)

Offshore Grid Development Plan‚Start Grid‘ according to ONEP 20137Provision of timely(!) grid connection is a prerequisiteto achieve government targets!

Offshore grid connection projects –German North SeaProjectCapacity Year of(MW)operationIn operationInitial Offshore Grid StructureHVDC cable routes & platformsalpha ventus602009BorWin 14002010Riffgat (delayed by 6 months)108Feb. e1112015DolWin39002018SylWin1Under construction/ awardedƩ built / 1alpha ventusRiffgatDolWin2NordergründeUW HagermarschUW InhausenKS Emden/OstKS Diele2019/20To be tendered until 2023 according to O-NEP20136 addtl. DC-connectionsBorWin3UW Emden BorssumIn tender phase/recently awardedBorWin3, BorWin4BorWin2BorWin1BorWin4KS Dörpen WestSource: TenneT, 2013, updates SOW 2014KS Büttel

Legal Framework for Offshore WindA short History of the EEG (RE Act)Support for renewable energy - specifies FIT, technology differentiation since 2000Issues in the past for offshore wind (prior to 2009)Base model FIToffshore No investments due to insufficient remuneration(9,1 ct/kWh)EEG of 2008 (effective since 1st Jan. 2009) Increase of initial Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) to 13.0 ct/kWh,plus starter bonus of 2 ct, granted for 12 yearsafter commissionig (for new OWF until 1st Jan. 2016)EEG of 2011 (effective since 1st Jan. 2012) Compressed FiT: Option to claim a higherinitial rate of 19 ct/kWh – granted for 8 years,afterwards FiT drops to 3.5 ct/kWhCompressed FIToffshoreApplied for new OWF until 2017 Important boost for investment decisionsNew challenges emerging in 2012/13:Grid connection issues and “Electricity price brake”debate (‘Strompreisbremse’) – Uncertainty about futureof the Renewable Energy Act and RE targetsSep. 2013 - Federal Election Coalition Treaty of Dec. 2013: new RE targets(incl. offshore wind) and EEG reform in 2014

EEG 2014 – Revised targets for OWE(Govt. Proposal of April 2014)YearIECP* of 2007§ 3 EEG 2014202010 GW6,5 GW203025 GW15 GW* Integrated Energy and Climate Programme of German Govt.Propsed degression of FIT for Offshore Windacc. to para 26 EEG Compressed FIT model18,40 18,40(8 years initial 90201520162017BasismodellDegression of FITStandard (base) model1014,90Standard (base) FIT model(12 years initial tariff)12,002014Compressed FIT but 2-year FIT-extensionuntil Dec. 2019;13,9013,40201820192020202112,902022NOTE: After 2020, new tenderingsystem for OWE proposed –For other RE tender schemeplanned in 2017, based on outcomeof PV (greenfield) pilot tenderStauchungsmodellpara 20 EEG 2012para 26 EEG 20147 % annual degressionafter 2017in 2018: 0.5 ct/kWhin 2020: 1.0 ct/kWhNo degressionin 2018: 1.0 ct/kWh

Cost Reduction Potentials for OWEProjection of levelized cost of energy (LCOE)Site B, results in cent/kWh, based on 2012 real terms InstallationSubstationInternal cableSupport structureTurbineLearning Curve Effect caused by constant growth economies of scale, increasing competiton and growing turbine size11More at: W Download windenergy.pdf

Energy System Benefits of Offshore WindKey assumptions/study results1.2.3.4.German Energiewende requires800 TWh coming from wind and solar(by 2050) – can only be realized withlarge offshore wind capacities!Offshore wind leads to reduced costfor flexibility measures least-cost option by 2050Offshore wind has considerablepower plant characteristics –important for security of supply(provision of balancing power, highschedule reliability, etc.)Stable and continuous expansion ofoffshore wind capacities required toharvest energy system benefits andcost reduction potentialsMore information /SOW Download FraunhoferIWES OffshoreStudy ExecutiveSummary.pdfStudy launched in Nov. 2013, atEWEA Offshore 2013, Frankfurt 12

Offshore Wind Energy in Germany –An illustration of initial achievementsPositive operational results:- alpha ventus: 4.450 full load hours in 2011 (267 GWh) 15 % above expectations,- Baltic I – similar results; turbine availability 98 % Important contribution to energy system reliability!13 More than 1 bn Euro already invested along German coast Port infrastructure, production facilities (offshore turbines/components),construction vessels, (converter) platforms etc. Vast opportunities for maritime industries! 10 billion Euro investment for Offshore Wind Farms 8 OWP under construction during Q1/2014 1/3 cost reduction potential possible by 2023 –provided a steady project pipeline is secured bystable, reliable framework conditions 18,000 jobs created by 2012 (98,000 jobs in onshore wind) Need for new and adjusted professional/vocational trainingand university education!

Lesson learned: Long lead times for OWFneed to be reflected by legal frameworkIdealized (!) Project Schedule for an OWF in GermanyConstruction Operational PhaseProjectdevelopment4-6 YearsExtension Decomm.ofoperationConstruction Permit1-2 YearsFIDFinancialNegotiations 2-4 YearsCommissioning20 Years5 Years1-2 YearsTotal project lifetime 27-37 years Prognos/Fichtner, 2013 Stable, long-term political framework conditions essentialfor investors, technology innovation and cost reduction!!!14

Many thanks for your attention!Andreas Wagner, CEOBerlin OfficeSchiffbauerdamm 19, D-10117 BerlinPhone: 49-30-27595-141Fax: 49-30-27595142berlin@offshore-stiftung.deVarel OfficeOldenburger Str. 65, D-26316 VarelPhone: 49-4451-9515-161Fax: hore-stiftung.deMore news & information (German/English)15

Backup SlidesGerman Offshore Windfarms under Construction 2.5 GW under constructionStatus Report, as of 1st June 201416

Amrumbank West (288 MW) 80 turbines (each 3.6 MW)Start of construction: April 2013Expected start of commissioning: Q1/2015Grid connection delay: 12 monthsConstruction progress: 30 foundations installed,Transformer station installed, Infield-cabling under constructionEstimated start of full operation::Q3/2015 (depending on grid connection)Water depth: 19 - 24 mDistance to shore: 40 km (north of Helgoland) E.ON Climate & Renewables GmbH E.ON Climate & Renewables GmbH

Baltic 2 (288 MW) – Baltic Sea 80 turbines (each 3.6 MW)Start of construction: July 2013Expected start of commissioning: End of 2014Construction progress:- Monopiles and Jacketpiles installed,- Jacket installation starting in mid 2014,- Turbine delivery, infield cabling in mid 2014,- Transformer station installation by end of 2014,- Installation of wind turbines in summer 2014Expected start of full operation: Spring 2015Water depth: 23 to 44 mDistance to shore: 32 km, north of Rugen EnBW Baden‐Württemberg AG EnBW Erneuerbare Energien GmbH EnBW Baden‐Württemberg AG

Borkum Riffgrund 1 (312 MW) 80 turbines (each 4 MW)Start of construction: 2013Expected start of commissioning: Autumn 2014Construction progress: 45 foundations installedExpected start of full operation: by early 2015Water depth: 28 to 32 mDistance to shore: 54 km (NW of Borkum) DONG Energy Renewables Germany GmbH DONG Energy Renewables Germany GmbH

Butendiek (288 MW) 80 turbines (each 3.6 MW)Start of construction: April 2014Expected start of commissioning: Middle of 2015Grid connection delay: 3 monthsConstruction progress: 36 foundations installed,Transformer station installed,Infield-cabling starting in mid June 2014Expected start of full operation: End of 2014Water depth: 17 bis 22 mDistance to shore: 32 km west of Sylt, 53 km to mainland

DanTysk (288 MW) 80 turbines (each 3.6 MW)Start of construction: End of 2012Expected start of commissioning: Oktober 2014Grid connection delay: 12 monthsConstruction progress: foundations and transformerstation installed in 2013, infield-cabling 70% completed,Installation of wind turbines starting in Sep. 2014Expected start of full operation: Fall 2014Water depth: 21 - 32 mDistance to shore: 70 km west of Sylt DanTysk OffshoreWind GmbH DanTysk Offshore Wind GmbH DanTysk Offshore Wind GmbH

Global Tech I (400 MW) 80 turbines (each 5 MW)Start of construction: Middle of 2012Grid connection delay: 24 monthsConstruction progress: transformer station installed,78 foundations and 26 wind turbines installedExpected start of full operation: Autumn 2014 (BorWin II)Water depth: 39 to 41 mDistance to shore: 110 km to Cuxhaven (base port) Global Tech I Offshore Wind GmbH Global Tech I Offshore Wind GmbH

Meerwind Süd/Ost (288 MW) 80 turbines (each 3.6 MW)Start of construction: 2012Expected start of commissioning: 2013Grid connection delay: 24 monthsConstruction progress: foundations, transformer stationand offshore wind turbines completely installed since march 2014Expected start of full operation: October 2014Water depth: 30 mDistance to shore: 23 km NE of Helgoland, 105 km to Cuxhaven,120 km to Bremerhaven WindMW GmbH WindMW GmbH

Nordsee Ost (295 MW) 48 turbines (each 6.15 MW)Start of construction: 2012Expected start of commissioning: Fall 2013Grid connection delay: approx. 24 monthConstruction progress: foundations, infield-cabling completelyinstalled, Installation of wind turbines since May 2014Expected start of full operation: Spring 2015Water depth: 22 - 26 m RWE Innogy GmbHDistance to shore: 32 - 45 km RWE Innogy GmbH RWE Innogy GmbH RWE Innogy GmbH

Trianel Windpark Borkum (phase 1: 200 MW) 40 turbines (each 5 MW)Start of construction: Summer 2011Expected start of commissioning: End of 2012/Beginning of 2013Grid connection delay: 18 monthsConstruction progress: OWF completely installed since 1st June 2014Expected start of full operation: Summer 2014Water depth: 29 to 33 mDistance to shore: 45 km north of Borkum Trianel Windkraftwerk Borkum GmbH & Co. KG Trianel Windkraftwerk Borkum GmbH & Co. KG

Andreas Wagner, CEO Berlin Office Schiffbauerdamm 19, D-10117 Berlin Phone: 49-30-27595-141 Fax: 49-30-27595142 berlin@offshore-stiftung.de Varel Office Oldenburger Str. 65, D-26316 Varel Phone: 49-4451-9515-161 Fax: 49-4451-9515-249 varel@offshore-stiftung.de www.offshore-stiftung.de More news & information (German/English) 16 Backup Slides German Offshore Windfarms under Construction 2 .

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