TOEFL IBT Writing Practice Questions - ETS Home

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TOEFL iBT Writing Practice QuestionsThis document may contain some question types that would not appear on a test that has been adapted for variousaccessibility purposes. On test day, you will receive an accessible assessment that is consistent with anyaccommodations for which you have been approved.Writing Practice Set 1 (Integrated): Passage, Lecture, and QuestionDirections: Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage.Reading Time: 3 minutesIn an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices, an international organizationstarted issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards byconserving resources and recycling materials. Companies that receive this certification canattract customers by advertising their products as “ecocertified.” Around the world, many woodcompanies have adopted new, ecologically friendly practices in order to receive ecocertification.However, it is unlikely that wood companies in the United States will do the same, for severalreasons.First, American consumers are exposed to so much advertising that they would not value or evenpay attention to the ecocertification label. Because so many mediocre products are labeled “new”or “improved,” American consumers do not place much trust in advertising claims in general.Second, ecocertified wood will be more expensive than uncertified wood because in order toearn ecocertification, a wood company must pay to have its business examined by a certificationagency. This additional cost gets passed on to consumers. American consumers tend to bestrongly motivated by price, and therefore they are likely to choose cheaper uncertified woodproducts. Accordingly, American wood companies will prefer to keep their prices low ratherthan obtain ecocertification.Third, although some people claim that it always makes good business sense for Americancompanies to keep up with the developments in the rest of the world, this argument is notconvincing. Pursuing certification would make sense for American wood companies only if theymarketed most of their products abroad. But that is not the case—American wood businesses sellmost of their products in the United States, catering to a very large customer base that is satisfiedwith the merchandise.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Directions: Read the transcriptNarratorNow listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.ProfessorWell, despite what many people say, there’s good reason to think that manyAmerican wood companies will eventually seek ecocertification for their woodproducts. First off, consumers in the United States don’t treat all advertising thesame. They distinguish between advertising claims that companies make abouttheir own products and claims made by independent certification agencies.Americans have a lot of confidence in independent consumer agencies. Thus,ecologically minded Americans are likely to react very favorably to woodproducts ecologically certified by an independent organization with aninternational reputation for trustworthiness.Second point—of course it’s true that American consumers care a lot aboutprice—who doesn’t? But studies of how consumers make decisions show thatprice alone determines consumers’ decisions only when the price of onecompeting product is much higher or lower than another. When the pricedifference between two products is small—say, less than five percent, as is thecase with certified wood— Americans often do choose on factors other than price.And Americans are becoming increasingly convinced of the value of preservingand protecting the environment.And third, U.S. wood companies should definitely pay attention to what’s goingon in the wood business internationally, not because of foreign consumers, butbecause of foreign competition. As I just told you, there’s a good chance thatmany American consumers will be interested in ecocertified products. And guesswhat, if American companies are slow capturing those customers, you can be surethat foreign companies will soon start crowding into the American market,offering ecocertified wood that domestic companies don’t.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Directions: Give yourself 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response is judgedon the quality of the writing and on how well it presents the points in the lecture and theirrelationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.You may view the reading passage while you respond.Response time: 20 minutesQuestion: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubton specific points made in the reading passage.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Writing Practice Set 1 (Integrated): Response TipsWhat is important to understand from the lecture is that the professor disagrees with the pointsmade in the reading, namely that American consumers mistrust advertising, that they areunwilling to pay extra for ecocertified products, and that American companies do not need tocompete in parts of the world where ecocertification is valued.In your response, you should convey the reasons presented by the professor for whyecocertification of wood should be adopted by U.S. companies. A high-scoring response willinclude the following points made by the professor that cast doubt on the points made in thereading:Point made in the readingBecause American consumers have cometo distrust frequently used advertisingclaims such as ‘new’ or ‘improved,’they won’t pay attention to or trust theecocertified label.Counterpoint made in the lectureAmerican consumers do pay attention toclaims about products when those claims aremade by independent consumer agencies.Since ecocertification adds to the cost ofa product, Americans would be unlikely tobuy ecocertified products and would choosecheaper, uncertified products.This is true only if there is a big pricedifference between two similar products; ifan ecocertified product costs only about fivepercent more, American consumers wouldaccept this in order to buy the product that isbetter for the environment.Because American companies sell theirproducts mainly in the U.S., they do not needto compete in the rest of the world whereecocertification is desired by consumers.American companies must be ready tocompete with foreign companies that willsoon be selling ecocertified products in theU.S. market.This task is scored using the Integrated Writing Rubrics. A response that receives a score of 5clearly conveys all three of the main points in the table using accurate sentence structure l writing rubrics.pdfCopyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Writing Practice Set 2 (Independent): QuestionDirections: Read the question below. Give yourself 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise youressay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words.Reading Time: 30 minutesQuestion: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Television advertising directed toward young children(aged two to five) should not be allowed.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Writing Practice Set 2 (Independent): Response TipsTo earn a top score, you should develop a multi-paragraph essay that responds to the issue ofwhether TV advertising directed at young children should be permitted. Typically an effectiveresponse will contain a minimum of 300 words.Among the kinds of support that might be developed in favor of banning such advertising mightbe that young children do not have the ability to tell what is good for them and what is not. Sothis may lead to children who will be excessively influenced by television advertising and formbad eating habits or demand to have every toy that they have seen advertised.Those who disagree with the statement often develop one of their supports along the lines that itis the responsibility of the parents to decide what their children should watch on television andthat parents should monitor their children’s reactions to shows or advertisements. Thus, it is notnecessary for government or the television stations to ban advertisements directed at youngchildren.Keep in mind that there is no “correct” answer to this question. Either side of the issue can besupported with examples and reasons. The important part of this task is to make sure that youstate your opinion and develop your response. Try to cover the topic as well as you can withinyour abilities. Development of your essay is judged by the amount and kinds of support (reasons,examples, details) that you present, and a well-developed essay will contain clearly appropriatereasons, examples, and details—ones that do a good job supporting or illustrating the points youare making. Development is not simply the number of words you write.Your response should be well organized. If your essay is well organized, a reader will be able toread from beginning to end without becoming confused. You should be sure not to just repeat thesame information in different ways.The quality and accuracy of the sentence structure and vocabulary you use to express your ideasis also very important.This task is scored using the Independent Writing Rubric.https://www.ets.org/s/toefl/pdf/toefl writing rubrics.pdfCopyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Writing Practice Set 3 (Integrated): Passage, Lecture, and QuestionDirections: Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage.Reading Time: 3 minutesCritics say that current voting systems used in the United States are inefficient and often lead tothe inaccurate counting of votes. Miscounts can be especially damaging if an election is closelycontested. Those critics would like the traditional systems to be replaced with far more efficientand trustworthy computerized voting systems.In traditional voting, one major source of inaccuracy is that people accidentally vote for thewrong candidate. Voters usually have to find the name of their candidate on a large sheet ofpaper containing many names—the ballot—and make a small mark next to that name. Peoplewith poor eyesight can easily mark the wrong name. The computerized voting machines have aneasy-to-use touch-screen technology: to cast a vote, a voter needs only to touch the candidate’sname on the screen to record a vote for that candidate; voters can even have the computermagnify the name for easier viewing.Another major problem with old voting systems is that they rely heavily on people to count thevotes. Officials must often count up the votes one by one, going through every ballot andrecording the vote. Since they have to deal with thousands of ballots, it is almost inevitable thatthey will make mistakes. If an error is detected, a long and expensive recount has to take place.In contrast, computerized systems remove the possibility of human error, since all the votecounting is done quickly and automatically by the computers.Finally some people say it is too risky to implement complicated voting technology nationwide.But without giving it a thought, governments and individuals alike trust other complex computertechnology every day to be perfectly accurate in banking transactions as well as in thecommunication of highly sensitive information.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Directions: Here is the transcript.NarratorNow listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.ProfessorWhile traditional voting systems have some problems, it’s doubtful thatcomputerized voting will make the situation any better. Computerized voting mayseem easy for people who are used to computers. But what about people whoaren’t? People who can’t afford computers, people who don’t use them on aregular basis—these people will have trouble using computerized votingmachines. These voters can easily cast the wrong vote or be discouraged fromvoting altogether because of fear of technology. Furthermore, it’s true thathumans make mistakes when they count up ballots by hand. But are we sure thatcomputers will do a better job? After all, computers are programmed by humans,so “human error” can show up in mistakes in their programs. And the errorscaused by these defective programs may be far more serious. The worst a humanofficial can do is miss a few ballots. But an error in a computer program can resultin thousands of votes being miscounted or even permanently removed from therecord. And in many voting systems, there is no physical record of the votes, so acomputer recount in the case of a suspected error is impossible! As for our trust ofcomputer technology for banking and communications, remember one thing:these systems are used daily and they are used heavily. They didn’t workflawlessly when they were first introduced. They had to be improved on andimproved on until they got as reliable as they are today. But voting happens onlyonce every two years nationally in the United States and not much more thantwice a year in many local areas. This is hardly sufficient for us to developconfidence that computerized voting can be fully trusted.Directions: Give yourself 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response is judgedon the quality of the writing and on how well it presents the points in the lecture and theirrelationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.You may view the reading passage while you respond.Response time: 20 minutesQuestion: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubton specific points made in the reading passage.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

Writing Practice Set 3 (Integrated): Sample ResponsesResponse A, Score of 5The lecture explained why the computerized voting system can not replace the traditional votingsystem. There are the following three reasons.First of all, not everyoen one can use computers correctly. Some people do not have access tocomputers, some people are not used of computers, and some people are even scared of this newtechnology. If the voters do not know how to use a computer, how do you expect them to finishthe voting process through computers? This directly refutes the reading passage which states thatcomputerized voting is easier by just touchingthe screen.Secondly, computers may make mistakes as the people do. As computers are programmed by thehuman beings, thus erros are inevitable in the computer system. Problems caused by computervoting systems may be more serious than those caused by people. A larger number of votesmight be miss counted or even removed from the system. Furthermore, it would take moreenergy to recount the votes. Again this contradicts what is stated in the reading which stated thatonly people will make mistakes in counting.Thirdly, computerized voting system is not reliable because it has not reached a stable status.People trust computers to conduct banking transactions because the computerized bankingsystem is being used daily and frecuently and has been stable. How ever, the voting does nothappen as often as banking thus the computerized voting system has not been proved to betotally reliable.All in all, not everyone can use a computer properly, computer cause mistakes and computerizedvoting system is not reliable are the main reasons why computerized voting system can notreplace the traditional voting system.Score explanationThis response is well organized, selects the important information from all three points made inthe lecture, and explains its relationship to the claims made in the reading passage about theadvantages of computerized voting over traditional voting methods.First, it counters the argument that computerized voting is more user-friendly and preventsdistortion of the vote by saying that many voters find computers unfamiliar and some voters mayend up not voting at all.Second, it challenges the argument that computerized voting will result in fewer miscounts bypointing out that programming errors may result in large-scale miscounts and that some errorsmay result in the loss of voting records.Third, it rejects the comparison of computerized voting with computerized banking by pointingout that the reliability of computerized banking (“reached a stable status”) has been achievedthough frequent use, which does not apply to voting.Copyright 2021 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. ETS, the ETS logo, TOEFL and TOEFL iBT are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService (ETS) in the United States and other countries. IN ENGLISH WITH CONFIDENCE is a trademark of ETS.

There are occasional minor language errors: for example, “people not used of computers”; “misscounted”; “computer cause mistakes”; and the poor syntax of the last sentence (“All in all . . . ”).Some spelling errors are obviously typos: “everyoen.” The errors, however, are not at allfrequent and do not result in unclear or inaccurate representation of the content.The response meets all the criteria for the score of 5.Response B, Score of 4The leture disgreed with the article's opinions. It's not a better solution to use the computerizedvoting systems.Firstly, it might be hard for the voters who don't use the computer so often, or the users who isfear of the technology, even some of voters can not aford a computer. Touch screen may also behard to use for people who is not familiar with computers. Secondly, computer is programmedby human beings, which means it can also have errors. Instead of human being's counting error,which only results one or two counting error in number, an errror in the program code couldcause tramendous error in number. In case of the computer crash or disaster, it may lost all thevoting information. We can not even to make a re-count. Lastly, our daily banking or otherhighly sensitive infomation system, is actually improved as time goes by. They were alsoproblematic at the beginning. As we use them so often, we have more chances to find problems,and furturemore, to fix and improve them. However, for the voting system, we only use themevery 2 years nationally and some other rare events. We just don't use it often enough to find a

Writing Practice Set 1 (Integrated): Passage, Lecture, and Question Directions: Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage. Reading Time: 3 minutes In an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices, an international organization started issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards by

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