Food For Peace Indicators Handbook

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Food for Peace Indicators HandbookPart I: Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys forDevelopment Food Security ActivitiesOriginally published April 2015Updated May 2020This publication was produced by the U.S. Agency for International Development.

Part I: Food for Peace Indicators forBaseline and Endline Surveys forDevelopment Food Security Activities

Table of ContentsAbbreviations and Acronyms. iiIntroduction . 3Organization of Part I. 4How to Use Part I. 4Module A. Household Identification and Informed Consent . 10Module B. Household Roster . 11Module C. Household Food Access . 12Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 13Module D. Children’s Nutritional Status and Feeding Practices . 20Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 21Module E. Women’s Health, Nutritional Status, Dietary Diversity and Family Planning . 38Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 39Module F. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) . 53Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 54Module G. Agriculture . 66Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 67Module H. Poverty Measurement. 83Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 84Module J. Gender (Cash) . 93Performance Indicator Reference Sheets . 94Module K. Gender Access to Credit and Group Participation . 103Performance Indicator Reference Sheets .104Module R. Resilience. 111Performance Indicator Reference Sheets .112Module P. Activity Participation . 128Annex 1. New/Archived FFP Indicators . 129Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activitiesi

Abbreviations and PoPPPPPIRSRRiARHFSPSUSAIDWASHWAZWHOAntenatal careBody mass indexChild no AdultsContraceptive Prevalence RateDemographic and Health SurveysFemale and MaleUSAID’s Office of Food for PeaceAdult Female no Adult MaleGross domestic productHeight-for-age z-scoreHousehold Dietary Diversity ScoreHousehold Hunger ScaleIndicator Performance Tracking TableJoint Monitoring ProgrammeKilogram(s)Living Standards Measurement StudyMeter(s) squaredMinimum acceptable diet (indicator)maternal and child health and nutritionMinimum Dietary Diversity - ChildrenMinimum Dietary Diversity - WomenMillennium Development GoalAdult Male no Adult FemaleNon-governmental organizationNatural resources managementOral rehydration solutionOral Rehydration TherapyPoverty gapPoverty gap indexPrevalence of povertyPurchasing Power ParityPerformance indicator reference sheetRequiredRequired if ApplicableRecommended Home FluidsStandardized program structureU.S. Agency for International DevelopmentWater, sanitation, and hygieneWeight-for-age z-scoreWorld Health OrganizationPart I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activitiesii

IntroductionThe Food for Peace Indicators Handbook (Handbook) provides details and guidance on the U.S. Agency forInternational Development’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) indicators. The Handbook is dividedinto three parts: Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities(Part I), Part II: FFP Monitoring Indicators for Development Food Security Activities (Part II) and Part III: Indicatorsfor Emergency Activities. Indicators in Part I and Part II, (1) were selected to measure progress in goal,purposes, anticipated outcomes, resilience capacities, and outputs of FFP investments and are linked tothe FFP 2016-2025 Strategic Results Framework; (2) align with the Feed the Future (FtF) indicatorhandbook as determined by the Global Food Security Strategy (GFSS); and/or (3) derive from theDepartment of State (F).Part I: Food for Peace Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities,covered in this document, provides performance indicator reference sheets (PIRS) for FFP indicatorscollected during baseline and endline surveys. PIRSs provide the indicator title, definition of theindicator, and explain the various data points that are needed to construct the indicator and to reportthe results. Part 1updates the prior version of the baseline/endline indicator handbook, originallyreleased in 2015. Indicators that have been adopted by FFP since 2015, or have undergonesubstantial changes in definitions, disaggregates or calculations, are denoted by yellowhighlights.Accompanying Part I is Supplement to Part I: Food for Peace Baseline/Endline Questionnaire and IndicatorTabulations for Development Food Security Activities (Supplement). The Supplement provides the modelquestionnaire and the tabulation instructions for each indicator.Part II: Food for Peace Monitoring Indicators for Development Food Security Activities, covered in a separatedocument, is designed to provide implementers of FFP development food security activities with theinformation necessary to collect and tabulate data on FFP monitoring indicators.Part III: Indicators for Emergency Activities, covered in a separate document, is designed to provideimplementers of emergency food security activities with the information necessary to collect andtabulate data on FFP emergency indicators.Additional information on indicators relevant to FFP programming is available in the FFP Policy andGuidance for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting for Development Food Security Activities V2.0 and the FFPPolicy and Guidance for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting for Emergency Food Security Activities.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities3

Organization of Part IPart I covers 42 indicators organized in 12 modules:Module A.Module B.Module C.Module D.Module E.Module F.Module G.Module H.Module J.Module K.Module R.Module P.Household Identification and Informed ConsentHousehold RosterHousehold Food AccessChildren’s Nutritional Status and Feeding PracticesWomen’s Health, Nutritional Status, Dietary Diversity and Family PlanningWater, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)AgriculturePoverty MeasurementGender (Cash)Gender Access to Credit and Group ParticipationResilienceActivity Participation (endline only)Each indicator described in Part I is supported by a PIRS. These PIRSs summarize the indicator definitionsand methods for data collection, include required disaggregation levels, and provide links to sourcedocuments when applicable and available. The PIRSs reference the questionnaire and tabulationinstructions, which can be accessed in the Supplement, and in limited cases, other existing externalsources. Modules A, B and P pertain to respondent bio-data, household composition, and activityparticipation, and do not have any indicators associated with them. Anthropometric measurements arerequired to calculate select indicators in Modules D and E.How to Use Part IFFP developed Part I to support the efforts of two audiences: the research/evaluation partner leading thebaseline/endline survey data collection, and the implementing partners who report data onbaseline/endline indicators to FFP via the indicator performance tracking table (IPTT). In addition toproviding indicator definitions, disaggregates, etc., each PIRS includes a section titled “Reporting Notes”which offers guidance to implementing partners on the specific data points that must be incorporatedinto the IPTT.FFP baseline/endline surveys collect data on 42 indicators that are either required for all FFP DFSAs (21)or required if applicable for DFSAs that have relevant interventions (21). Before reviewing the content ofthis handbook, the research/evaluation partner is encouraged to first identify all FFP baseline/endlineindicators that FFP activities are required to report on based on the applicability criteria. Table 1presents the indicators and their applicability (R or RiA). They are presented according to the structureof the questionnaire.1 The research/evaluation partner will provide indicator estimates, including all datapoints and confidence intervals, for baseline and final evaluation reports.1Based on the Living Standards Measurement Survey (LSMS) questionnaire seven-module structure.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities4

Table 1. FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys2No.SPSlocationand IDNo.INDICATOR TITLE PERCATEGORYRequired (R),Required ifApplicable (RiA)APPLICABILITYCRITERIAPageAll activities12Module C. Household Food AccessBL 10n/aPercent of households with poor,borderline, and acceptable foodconsumption score (FCS)RPrevalence of moderate and severefood insecurity in the household, basedRAll activitieson the Food Insecurity ExperienceScale (FIES)Module D. Children’s Nutritional Status and Feeding PracticesBL 6EG-eBL 13HL.9.1-bPrevalence of exclusive breastfeedingof children under six monthsBL 12HL.9.1-aBL 3916RiAActivities promotingexclusivebreastfeeding20Percent of children 6–23 monthsreceiving a minimum acceptable dietRiAActivities promotingfeeding childrenminimum acceptablediet22n/aPrevalence of children 6–23 monthsconsuming a diet of minimum diversity(MDD-C)RiAActivities promotingchildren’s dietarydiversity25n/aPercent of children under five (0-59months) who had diarrhea in the priortwo weeksRiAActivities promotingsocial and behaviorchange related toWASH27BL 15n/aPercent of children under five (0-59months) with diarrhea treated withOral Rehydration Therapy (ORT)RiAActivities promotingsocial and behaviorchange related toWASH29BL 3HL.9-bPrevalence of wasted (WHZ -2)children under five (0-59 months)RAll activities31BL 4HL.9-aPrevalence of stunted (HAZ -2)children under five (0-59 months)RAll activities33BL 5HL.9-iPrevalence of healthy weight (WHZ 2 and -2) among children under five(0-59 months)RAll activities35BL 142Modules A and B relate to identification and household roster, which are applicable to all indicators.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities5

No.SPSlocationand IDNo.INDICATOR TITLE PERCATEGORYRequired (R),Required ifApplicable (RiA)APPLICABILITYCRITERIAPageModule E. Women’s Health, Nutritional Status, Dietary Diversity and Family PlanningBL 11HL.9.1-dPercent of women of reproductive ageconsuming a diet of minimum diversity(MDD-W)RiAActivities promotingincreased dietarydiversity amongwomen3841n/aPercent of births receiving at least fourantenatal care (ANC) visits duringpregnancyRiAActivities promotinghealth, nutritionand/or family planningactivitiestargeting women ofreproductive ageand/or children 6months and undern/aPercent of women in a union who haveknowledge of modern family planningmethods that can be used to delay oravoid pregnancyRAll activities43BL 37n/aPercent of women in a union whomade decisions about modern familyplanning methods in the past 12monthsRAll activities45BL 20n/aContraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR)RiABL 7HL.9-dPrevalence of underweight (BMI 18.5) women of reproductive ageRiABL 26BL 36Activities promotingbirth spacing/familyplanningActivities promotingwomen’s healthand/or nutritioninterventions4850Module F. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)BL 16n/aPercent of households using basicdrinking water servicesRiAActivities promotinginfrastructure-relatedWASH interventions53RiAActivities promotingbehaviors related towater treatment56BL 18HL.8.2-6Percent of households in target areaspracticing correct use of recommendedhousehold water treatmenttechnologiesBL 27HL.8.2-aPercent of households with access to abasic sanitation serviceRiAActivities promotinginfrastructure-relatedWASH interventions59BL 19n/aPercent of households in target areaspracticing open defecationRiAActivities promotingsafe sanitationbehaviors61Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities6

No.BL 17SPSlocationand IDNo.HL.8.2-5INDICATOR TITLE PERCATEGORYPercent of households with soap andwater at a handwashing station onpremisesRequired (R),Required ifApplicable (RiA)APPLICABILITYCRITERIAPageRiAActivities promotingsocial and behaviorchange related toWASH63RiAActivities promotingincreased use offinancial services6669Module G. Agriculturen/aPercent of farmers who used financialservices (savings, agricultural credit,and/or agricultural insurance) in thepast 12 monthsBL 30n/aPercent of farmers who practiced thevalue chain interventions promoted bythe activity in the past 12 monthsRiAActivities promotingvalue chaininterventions forselected commoditiesBL 21EG.3.2-aPercent of producers who have appliedtargeted improved managementpractices or technologiesRiAActivities aiming toimprove agriculturalproductivity72RiAActivities promotinginterventions toincrease agriculturalproductivity77BL 29BL 22EG.3-hYield of targeted agriculturalcommodities within target areasModule H. Poverty MeasurementBL 40EG.3-aDaily per capita expenditures (as aproxy for income) in USG-assistedareasRAll activities90BL 1EG-cPrevalence of Poverty: Percent ofpeople living on less than 1.90/day2011 PPPRAll activities83BL 2EG-hDepth of Poverty of the Poor: Meanpercent shortfall of the poor relative tothe 1.90/day 2011 PPP poverty lineRAll activities87All activities93Module J. Gender (Cash)BL 32n/aPercent of women and men in a unionwho earned cash in the past 12 monthsRPart I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities7

No.BL 33BL 34BL 35SPSlocationand IDNo.Required (R),Required ifApplicable (RiA)APPLICABILITYCRITERIAPagen/aPercent of women in a union andearning cash who report participationin decisions about the use of selfearned cashRAll activities96n/aPercent of women in a union andearning cash who report participationin decisions about the use ofspouse/partner’s self-earned cashRAll activities98n/aPercent of men in a union and earningcash who report spouse/partnerparticipation in decisions about the useof self-earned cashRAll activities100INDICATOR TITLE PERCATEGORYModule K. Gender Access to Credit and Group ParticipationBL 42n/aPercent of women/men in a union withaccess to creditRiAActivities facilitatinggender access tocredit103BL 43n/aPercent of women/men in a union whomake decisions about creditRiAActivities facilitatinggender access tocredit105BL 41n/aPercent of women/men in a union whoare members of a community groupRAll activities107RAll activities111Module R. ResilienceBL 23RESIL-a(FtFstructure)BL 31EG.4.2-aPercent of households participating ingroup-based savings, micro-finance orlending programsRIAActivities promotingsavings and lending114BL 38RESIL-b(FtFstructure)Index of social capital at the householdlevelRAll activities116BL 9n/aAbsorptive Capacity IndexRAll activities119BL 8n/aAdaptive Capacity IndexRAll activities121Ability to recover from shocks andstresses indexPart I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities8

No.SPSlocationand IDNo.BL 25n/aBL 24RESIL-c(FtFstructure)Required (R),Required ifApplicable (RiA)APPLICABILITYCRITERIAPageTransformative Capacity IndexRAll activities123Percent of households that believelocal government will respondeffectively to future shocks andstressesRAll activities125INDICATOR TITLE PERCATEGORYOnce implementing partners determine which indicators to report on, the research/evaluation partnercan use the modules that pertain to those indicators, in addition to Modules A and B which apply to allactivities.For the endline survey, the research/evaluation partner should use the baseline questionnaire andincorporate Module P (Activity Participation) in order to understand respondents’ exposure tointerventions (refer to the Supplement). Module P must be adapted in accordance with implementingpartner interventions, and as needed to answer evaluation questions.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities9

Module A. Household Identification andInformed ConsentPlease refer to the Supplement to view the form for Module A.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities10

Module B. Household RosterPlease refer to the Supplement to view the form for Module B.Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities11

Module C. Household Food AccessPart I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys for Development Food Security Activities12

Module C. Household Food Access (FCS and FIES)BL 10. Percent of households with poor, borderline, and acceptable food consumption score (FCS)BL 6 (EG-e). Prevalence of moderate and severe food insecurity in the household based on the FoodInsecurity Experience Scale (FIES)Performance Indicator Reference SheetsBL 10. INDICATOR: Percent of households with poor, borderline, and acceptable foodconsumption score (FCS)REQUIRED FOR ALL FFP DEVELOPMENT FOOD SECURITY ACTIVITIESDEFINITION:The Food Consumption Score (FCS) is a composite score based on dietary diversity, food frequency, and therelative nutritional importance of different food groups. It is a proxy indicator for food intake. The FCS iscalculated using the frequency of consumption of different food groups consumed by a household during theseven days before the survey. Scores are clustered into three groups; the results of the analysis categorize eachhousehold as having either poor, borderline, or acceptable food consumption.A questionnaire is used to ask respondents about the frequency of their households' consumption of nine foodgroups over the previous seven days. To calculate

The Food for Peace Indicators Handbook (Handbook) provides details and guidance on the U.S. Agency for International Development’s Office of Food for Peace (USAID/FFP) indicators. The Handbook is divided into three parts: Part I: FFP Indicators for Baseline and Endline Surveys

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