Aviation Management Reference Manual 60
Reference Manual 60Aviation Management2019
Reference Manual 60Aviation ManagementBranch of Aviation ManagementBoise, IdahoNational Park ServiceU.S. Department of the InteriorWashington, DC
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTACRONYMSPage 29DEFINITIONS11CHAPTER 1 – AVIATION MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW121.1Background and Purpose121.2NPS Management Policies121.3NPS Aviation Strategic Plan131.4Environmental Concerns141.5Organizational Responsibilities141.6Evaluation and Monitoring201.7Management of Aviation Mishaps21CHAPTER 2 – AVIATION DIRECTIVES222.1General222.2Office of Management and Budget Circulars222.3Federal Aviation Regulations222.4Departmental Manual222.5DOI Operational Procedures Memoranda222.6DOI Handbooks/Interagency Guides/NPS Operational Plans222.7DOI, Interagency and NPS Alerts & Bulletins232.8Enhancements, Policy Waivers and Exceptions23CHAPTER 3 – RECORDS AND REPORTS253.1Aircraft Use Reports253.2Use of Non-Federal Public Aircraft253.3Aviation Training Records253.4DO-11D: Records and Electronic Information Management26
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTPage 3CHAPTER 4 – FLEET AIRCRAFT ACQUISITION, MARKING,27DISPOSITION AND n274.4Funding27CHAPTER 5 – MANNED AIRCRAFT .3Wire Strike Protection Systems295.4Emergency Locator Transmitter295.5 Satellite Based Tracking SystemsCHAPTER 6 – PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT/AVIATION LIFE SUPPORTEQUIPMENT30316.1Personal Protective Equipment316.2Personal Protective Equipment Waiver Authority316.2First Aid and Survival Kits316.4Personal Flotation Device (PFDs)316.5Personal Locator Beacon316.6Flight Helmets32CHAPTER 7 – MANNED AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION337.1Maintenance337.2Inspection Programs337.3Returning an Aircraft to Service33CHAPTER 8 – AIRCRAFT SECURITY34
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTPage 48.1General348.2Fuel348.3Facility Security348.4Aircraft Security34CHAPTER 9 – PILOT FLIGHT AUTHORITY, MANNED AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS359.1General359.2NPS Flight Authority Authorization359.3 NPS GS-2181 Pilots369.4NPS Dual Function Pilots369.5Incidental Pilots379.6Auxiliary Pilots379.7Pilot Training379.8Developmental Pilot Program389.9Medical Certificates399.10Request for NPS Fleet Pilot Approval and Flight Evaluations399.11NPS Instructor Pilot399.12NPS Pilot Review Board (PRB)409.13Pilot Suspension/Revocation40CHAPTER 10 – FLIGHT OPERATIONS4110.1General4110.2DOI-Approved Aircraft and Pilots4210.3Noise Impact Mitigation4210.4Aviation Management Plan4210.5Project Aviation Safety Plan4210.6Flight Plan and Flight Following43
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTPage 510.7Passenger Manifest4310.8Aircraft Preflight/Post Flight4310.9Checklists4410.10Interagency Aircraft Data Card4410.11Interagency Pilot Qualification Card4410.12Passenger Briefing4410.13Crew Duty Time Limitation4410.14Instrument Flight Rules4410.15Night Flying4410.16Transport of Hazardous Materials by Aircraft4410.17Aviation Fuel Handling4410.18Transport of Cargo/Equipment4510.19Load Calculations/Weight and Balance4510.20Environmental Considerations4510.21Aviation Mishap Response Plan4510.22Lap Belt/Shoulder Harness4510.23Special Use Flight Operations4610.24Law Enforcement Operations4710.25Flights Outside the US, Trust Territories, and Possessions4810.26Emergency Situations4810.27Employee Prerogative48CHAPTER 11 – UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS4911.1General4911.2Aviation Directives5011.3Records and Reports5111.4Fleet Programs51
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTPage 611.5Remote Pilot In Command (RPIC) and Visual Observers (VO)5211.6Flight Operations5311.7Contract, Rental and Charter Aircraft5411.8Cooperator Aircraft5411.9Aviation Training5411.10Aircraft Mishap Procedures54CHAPTER 12 – USE OF GOVERNMENT AIRCRAFT5512.1Administrative Travel Justification and Documentation5512.2OMB Circular A-1265512.3Requests for Solicitor Approval5512.4Space Available Travel56CHAPTER 13 – CONTRACT, RENTAL AND CHARTER AIRCRAFT5713.1General5713.2Procurement5713.3FBMS, Interagency and Cross Servicing Agreements5713.4Procurement of Flight Services from DOI Bureaus and the USFS5813.5Procurement of Flight Services from Non-federal Public Agencies5813.6Contract Services5813.7Emergency Aircraft Procurement58CHAPTER 14 – COOPERATOR AIRCRAFT6014.1General6014.2Use of Military Aircraft6014.3Affiliate/Volunteer Aircraft6114.4Cooperative Agreements6114.5Letters of Authorization or Memoranda of Understanding/Agreements61
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTCHAPTER 15 – AVIATION TRAININGPage 76215.1Aviation Training Equivalencies6215.2Required Aviation Training6215.2Specialty Training6315.4NPS Pilot Training64CHAPTER 16 – AVIATION AWARDS PROGRAM6516.1NPS Aviation Awards Program6516.2DOI Aviation Awards Program66CHAPTER 17 – AIRCRAFT MISHAP PROCEDURES6717.1Aircraft Mishaps6717.2Mishap Notification Procedures6717.3Aviation Mishap Response Plan6817.4Aircraft Mishap Investigations6817.5Aircraft Mishap Review Board6817.6Aircraft Mishap Documentation69
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTAppendix 1 – Interagency Aviation Mishap Response Guide and ChecklistAppendix 2 – Park Aviation Management PlanAppendix 3 – Project Aviation Safety PlanAppendix 4 – Flight Request FormAppendix 5 – Enhancement ApplicationAppendix 6 –NPS Pilot Review BoardAppendix 7 – NPS Approval Template and Guidance for the Use of UnmannedAircraft Systems (UAS)Appendix 8 – Annual Aviation Program Report and Assurance StatementAppendix 9 – Web LinksLink to appendices on NPS Aviation websiteRelease Date: February 2020Page 8
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTACRONYMSAAPRAS- Annual Aviation Program Report and Assurance StatementABCS – Aviation Business Case StudyABS - Aviation Business SystemACETA - Aerial Capture, Eradication and Tagging of AnimalsAGL - Above Ground LevelAIM - Aeronautical Information ManualALSE - Aviation Life Support EquipmentAMC - Aviation Management CouncilAMIS - Aviation Mishap Information SystemAMP - Aviation Management PlanAMRB - Aircraft Mishap Review BoardAMS - Aviation Management SystemARA - Aircraft Rental AgreementCFI - Certified Flight InstructorCFR - Code of Federal RegulationsCWN - Call When NeededDFAM - Division of Fire and Aviation ManagementDM - Departmental ManualDOI - Department of the InteriorEAB - Executive Aviation BoardEAC - Executive Aviation CommitteeEAS - Executive Aviation SubcommitteeELT - Electronic Locator TransmitterEMS - Emergency Medical ServicesFAA - Federal Aviation AdministrationFAR - Federal Aviation RegulationsIAT - Interagency Aviation TrainingIFR - Instrument Flight RulesIHOG - Interagency Helicopter Operations GuideIWP - Incident With PotentialLESH - Law Enforcement Short-HaulNAAG - National Aviation Advisory GroupNAM – National Aviation ManageRelease Date: February 2020Page 9
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTNAO - National Aviation OfficeNASM - National Aviation Safety ManagerNFPA - National Fire Protection AssociationNIAC - National Interagency Aviation CouncilNPS - National Park ServiceNTSB - National Transportation Safety BoardNWCG - National Wildfire Coordinating GroupOAS - Office of Aviation ServicesOMB - Office of Management and BudgetOPM - Operational Procedures MemorandumPAM - Park Aviation ManagerPFD - Personal Flotation DevicePIC - Pilot-in-CommandPPE - Personal Protective EquipmentPRB - Pilot Review BoardRAM - Regional Aviation ManagerSAR - Search and RescueSOL - Office of the SolicitorSTEP - Single Skid, Toe-In, Hover Exit/Entry ProcedureUAS - Unmanned Aircraft SystemsUSFS - United States Forest ServiceRelease Date: February 2020P a g e 10
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTP a g e 11DEFINITIONSAircraft. Aircraft means a machine or device that is used or intended to be used to carry persons or objects inflight through the air, including, but not limited to airplanes, helicopters, gliders and unmanned aircraft systems(UAS).Aviation Park. Parks that use aviation resources. Level 1 – Any park or combined aviation program that meets the definition of a complex aviationprogram. Level 2 – Any park that has 1 or 2 elements of a complex aviation program. Level 3 – Any park that uses aviation on an occasional basis beneath a regional aviationmanagement plan, as determined by the regional aviation manager.Best Practices. Procedures designed and implemented to ensure operational and organizational success. Thesepractices typically include additional safety and service margins, and are often adopted as industry standard.They tend to be cost beneficial. These practices are dynamic because they are perpetually evolving with changesin customer expectations, as well as advances in the general knowledge base.Complex Aviation Program. Aviation programs with three or more of the following components shall be consideredcomplex: Exclusive use aircraft. Assigned fleet (manned or unmanned aircraft). High risk missions (Examples include: ACETA, Short-haul, Rappel, STEP, Special Use activity e.gon-going low level missions, unprepared landing sites, operations in high altitude environments). Cooperator aircraft. The National Aviation Manager (NAM) may identify additional components that define a complexaviation program.Fleet Aircraft. Aircraft, including unmanned aircraft, bailed by DOI, registered to DOI or leased by DOI with theintent to purchase are fleet aircraft. The Office of Aviation Services (OAS) acquires DOI fleet aircraft for theNational Park Service (NPS).Operational Control. This means the exercise of authority over initiating, conducting or terminating a flight. OPM35, “Identification of End Product/Service and Flight Service Procurement” provides additional guidance, howeveronly the National Transportation Safety Board has the final authority to determine who had operational control ofan aviation operation.Quiet Technology. For the NPS, this refers to aircraft that are quieter on a per flight basis to technologicalimprovements that result in a “quieter” aircraft as opposed to the definition used by Federal AviationAdministration (FAA) which calculates quiet technology based on the overall noise level of the aircraft divided bythe number of passenger seats.Release Date: February 2020
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTP a g e 12Chapter 1 – AVIATION MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW1.1 Background and Purpose1.2 NPS Management Policies1.3 NPS Aviation Strategic Plan1.4 Environmental Concerns1.5 Organizational Responsibilities1.6 Evaluation and Monitoring1.7 Management of Aviation Mishaps1.1 Background and PurposeNational Park Service Reference Manual-60 (RM-60, 2016 ) is superseded and replaced by this ReferenceManual-60, Aviation Management 2019 which is intended to provide guidance to NPS personnel engaged inaviation management activities. This manual incorporates the policies contained in the latest version of the NPSManagement Policies, and the instructions, requirements, and operational policies contained in Director's Order(DO)-60. The NPS Management Policies -, DO-60, and this manual are all supplemental to, and must beconsistent with, policies, procedures, and instructions issued by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) andthe Department of the Interior (DOI) where appropriate. FAA and DOI policies, procedures, and instructions arecited or attached as appendices to this manual. FAA regulations may be accessed at the Federal AviationAdministration website. DOI aviation policies are posted at the DOI - Office of Aviation Services Library page aswell as the Electronic Library of the Interior Policies page.This manual is issued under authority of DO-60, which requires the associate director, Visitor and ResourceProtection, to: (1) Compile the most relevant information on aviation management; (2) issue other instructions asmay be necessary to implement the Director’s Order; and (3) make the information and instructions available toNPS parks and programs in the form of this manual.Because the NPS is responsible for flight crew members, aircrew members, and passengers on board aircraftunder its operational control, this manual is applicable to all NPS parks and programs, NPS employees, NPSvolunteers, persons supervised by NPS employees, and support service contractors (all hereinafter referred to asNPS employees) where the NPS has provided funding, management and operational support. Persons employedby, and whose work is directed solely by, cooperators or contractors are exempt from provisions of this handbookexcept when their duties include the use of flight services under the operational control of the NPS. In that event,such persons will be subject to the policies and procedures contained herein.U.S. Park Police helicopter operations will be conducted in accordance with the DOI approved U.S. Park PoliceAviation Guideline Manual. U.S. Park Police (USPP) helicopter operations are exempt from compliance with thismanual when operating in accordance with the USPP manual.DEVIATIONS FROM POLICY: NPS personnel are authorized to deviate from this policy manual for emergencieswhen there is a clear and imminent threat to life and property, per 350 DM 1.3B. All deviations must be reportedas expeditiously as possible to the regional and national aviation offices via phone or email. Deviations frompolicy require a DOI SAFECOM to be filed based on the nature of the incident. For further guidance see chapter12.1.2 NPS Management PoliciesNPS Management Policies, Section 8.4 Overflights and Aviation Uses, reads, in part:“A variety of aircraft, including military, commercial, general aviation, and aircraft used for National Park Serviceadministrative purposes, fly in the airspace over national parks. While there are many legitimate aviation uses,overflights can adversely affect park resources and values and interfere with visitor enjoyment. The Service willtake all necessary steps to avoid or to mitigate adverse effects from aircraft overflights.Release Date: February 2020
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTP a g e 13Because the nation’s airspace is managed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the Service will workconstructively and cooperatively with the Federal Aviation Administration and other agencies to ensure thatauthorized aviation activities affecting units of the national park system occur in a safe manner and do not causeunacceptable impacts on park resources and values and visitor experiences. The Service will build and maintain acooperative and problem-solving relationship with national defense agencies to address the congressionallymandated mission of each agency and prevent or mitigate unacceptable impacts of military training or operationalflights on park resources, values and the visitor experience. Cooperation is essential because the other agenciesinvolved have statutory authorities and responsibilities that must be recognized by the Service.”“8.4.1 Alaska and Remote AreasAviation can provide an important, and in some cases the preferred, means of access to remote areas in certainparks, especially in Alaska. In such cases, access by aircraft may make an important contribution to the protectionand enjoyment of those areas. Dependence on aviation will be fully considered and addressed in the planningprocess for those parks. Alaska parks have specific regulations concerning fixed-wing aircraft, published at 36C.F.R. § 13, and 43 C.F.R. § 36.11(f).”“8.4.4 Administrative UseAviation is a necessary and acceptable management tool in some parks when used in a manner consistent withthe NPS mission. Aviation activities will comply with all applicable policies and regulations issued by theDepartment of the Interior, the FAA, and the NPS.”“8.4.6 Commercial Air Tour ManagementThe National Parks Air Tour Management Act of 2000, and implementing FAA regulations, provide for a jointFAA/NPS planning process that will lead to the management of commercial air tours over national parks by theFAA (with the exception of parks in Alaska and Rocky Mountain National Park, which are specifically excludedfrom the process ).”“8.4.8 Airport and Landing SitesThe National Park Service will also work with entities having jurisdiction over landing sites and airports adjacent toparks for the purpose of preventing, reducing, or otherwise mitigating the effects of aircraft operations. Whetherlanding sites or airports are situated within or adjacent to parks, the objective will be to minimize noise and otherimpacts, and confine them to the smallest and most appropriate portion of the park as possible, consistent withsafe aircraft operations.”1.3 NPS Aviation Strategic PlanTo ensure safe and efficient aviation operations across the NPS, the Aviation Branch has created the followingphilosophy based on the FAA “Notice to Airmen” acronym “NOTAM” for aviation users to become familiar withthe guiding philosophy of the national program. This NOTAM can be found within the 5 year NPS AviationStrategic Plan.1. Never stop striving to achieve the highest standards of aviation safety and professionalism for NPSemployees and cooperators engaged in aviation activities.2. Offer accurate and consistent leadership, establish policies that foster a positive culture assuring aviationsafety and provide direction for the aviation program to increase the effectiveness of operations servicewide.3. Training will promote aviation safety while being relevant and readily available to meet policyrequirements and field operation needs.4. Assurance of aviation policy implementation and accountability are essential to the success of the aviationprogram.5. Manage aviation risks effectively so that they are minimized to the greatest extent possible.Release Date: February 2020
NATIONAL PARK SERVICEREFERENCE MANUAL 60AVIATION MANAGEMENTP a g e 141.4 Environmental ConcernsNoise and visual impacts resulting from aircraft operations are a concern. Development of park aviation plans andspecific mission planning must consider impacts on wildlife, the natural and cultural soundscapes and visualvalues of wilderness, historic and cultural scenes, American Indian sacred sites and traditional practices, as wellas specific local restrictions or exceptions provided for by law and policy.These include but are not limited to the: National Park Service Organic Act (PL Ch 408, 16 USC 1), EndangeredSpecies Act (PL 93-205, 16 USC 1531), National Historic Preservation Act (PL 89-665, 16 USC 470), AmericanIndian Religious Freedom Act (P.L 95-341, 42 USC 1996), Indian Sacred Sites Executive Order (No. 13007),Wilderness Act(PL 88-577 16 USC 1131 et seq.), Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) (PL 96-487, 16USC 3101 et seq.), and all aspects of NPS Management Policies. Director’s Orders of special note include #12(Environmental Impact Analysis), #18 (Wildland Fire Management), #28 (Cultural Resources Management), #41(Wilderness Stewardship), #47 (Soundscape Preservation and Noise Management), and #71B (Indian SacredSites).Sec. 1110. (a) of ANILCA (PL 96-487) provides: “Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act or other law, thesecretary shall permit, on conservation system units, national recreation areas, and national conservation areas,and those public lands designated as wilderness study, the use of snow machines , motorboats, airplanes, andnon- motorized surface transportation methods for traditional activities and for travel to and from villages andhome sites.” (Note: This is applicable only in the State of Alaska.)1.5 Organizational ResponsibilitiesMajor responsibilities for each of the following include, but are not limited to:1.5.1 Department of the InteriorThe Office of Aviation Services (OAS) works beneath the Department o
5.3 Wire Strike Protection Systems 29 5.4 Emergency Locator Transmitter 29 5.5 Satellite Based Tracking Systems 30 . CHAPTER 15 – AVIATION TRAI NING 62 15.1 Aviation Training Equivalencies 62 . Code of Federal Regulations . CWN - Call
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