Annual Report 2011 - D2391rlyg4hwoh.cloudfront
Annual Report 2011
WWF-India NetworkPriority Areas1TERAI ARC LANDSCAPE2SATPUDA MAIKAL LANDSCAPE3WESTERN GHATS-NILGIRIS LANDSCAPE4SUNDARBANS5NORTH BANK LANDSCAPE6KAZIRANGA - KARBI ANGLONG LANDSCAPE7KHANGCHENDZONGA LANDSCAPE8WESTERN ARUNACHAL LANDSCAPE9RANTHAMBORE TIGER RESERVE10PANNA TIGER RESERVE11HIGH ALTITUDE WETLANDS12THE INDUS, GANGA AND GODAVARI RIVER BASINS13BHARATPUR14RUSHIKULYAPriority SpeciesASIAN ELEPHANTROYAL BENGAL TIGERONE HORNED RHINONILGIRI TAHRRED PANDASNOW LEOPARDSMOOTH COATED OTTERMARINE TURTLESGANGETIC DOLPHINGHARIALBLACK-NECKED CRANEWWF-India family comprises 326 members working across India through a network of 16 state/divisional offices and 25 field offices. Our on-ground projects are spread across14 priority areas addressing conservation issues in these landscapes, with a focus on 11 priority species.Cover photo: A brown winged kingfisher perched atop mangroves in the Kalash Islands in Sundarbans, where WWF-India has been working for the past four decades. R. Saha/WWF-India
ContentsPRESIDENT’S NOTESMESSAGE FROM THE SG & CEO23Securing the future of the Sundarbans6Keeping the Ganga and its ecosystem alive8Protecting the biodiversity of the Western Ghats10Corridor conservation in Central India12Promoting sustainable agricultural practices14Rejuvenating the mountain springs of Sikkim16Conserving the biodiversity of Northeast India18Safeguarding the high altitude wetlands of Ladakh20Towards sustainable fisheries22Securing water for Keoladeo National Park24Conservation with communities26Some achievements and impacts in 201130Centre for Environmental Law and IGCMC36Combating illegal wildlife trade37Earth Hour38Cities for Forests40Green Hiker41Corporate support for conservation42States44Publications46Spreading the message47FINANCIAL DATA FOR 201148
President’s NoteIn a world where human well-being is often seen in isolation from the preservation of the natural environment, workingtowards environmental conservation poses challenges at every step. However, every year, WWF-India and its fieldteams work tirelessly to protect our natural resources and address humanity’s ecological footprint.This year’s Annual Report showcases achievements of focused conservation strategies addressing key environmentalissues across different geographical regions. These successes are an outcome of combining scientific research,involving local communities in conservation initiatives, and building political and public support for conservation.My best wishes to the team, and I am sure the organization will remain dedicated and motivated to deliver solutionsfor the country’s growing environmental problems.Divyabhanusinh ChavdaPresident, WWF-India“Every year, WWF-India continuesto achieve significant milestones inenvironment conservation despite themany challenges at every step.”2
From the SG & CEOOur report shares WWF-India’s efforts and achievements for 2011. These achievements are the result of thededication and hard work of our field teams and offices who work together with various conservation partners,communities, governments, NGOs and businesses towards the goal of conserving our natural environment andwildlife. The report carries coverage of key aspects of our work and is by no way comprehensive, for the efforts of theorganization are a daily effort, carried out in some areas of the country on a concerted basis.India faces increasingly, development related pressures on the environment in her economic progress. WWF Indiateams encounter such pressures in all our areas of work – both geographic and thematic. In understanding theprocesses of such change and to work towards solutions are the challenges that our team face continuously andincreasingly. Nevertheless, where government and communities work together, positive conservation impacts are notonly apparent in our long term work, they bear a degree of long term embedment.Secondly, despite the impacts of urbanization in our society, we see citizens of India responding to positive actionsfor making some change, albeit small, to their surroundings. The examples of Earth Hour, Forests for Life and theenvironment awareness programmes that we carry out indicate such; this gives encouragement to pursue our workwith increased zest, and to signify the positive in the process. In this, we see individuals across different generationsrespond to calls for conservation action, more of which are needed in our future work.Going forward, partnerships for conservation with communities, individuals and regional groups will be key toachieving change for the betterment of our environment and security of India’s natural heritage. Together withpartnerships, the need for Indian citizens to venture out to discover their country’s bio-diversity, to see the relationshipof people and nature and to learn from the culture of conservation that is woven into India’s daily life, is an imperative,for of the frontiers of knowledge that we seek, this is a significant one. And with it lies the ecological basis andsecurity of India.“WWF-India’s achievements are theresult of the dedication and hardwork of our field teams and officeswho work together with variousconservation partners, communities,governments, NGOs and businessestowards the goal of conserving ournatural environment and wildlife.”We bring you our work on our contributions to conservation in this report, filled by and based on the tremendousdedication of our teams. With their unison and the support of our well-wishers, we continue to work for India and fora better planet.Ravi SinghSG & CEO, WWF-India3
D. Ghose/WWF-India
An Interconnected WorldWe live in a world of interconnectedness, where few things exist in isolation or independent of another. Thisis most evident in the natural world, where the existence of the smallest to the largest creature is interlinked.In order to address the environmental issues our natural world is facing today, it is important to understandthis interconnectedness and develop conservation strategies accordingly. For example, conservation of tigerscannot be viewed separately from habitat degradation, dependence of local communities on forest resources,increasing illegal wildlife trade and the economic development trajectory of the country.WWF-India works across different geographical regions in the country to implement focused conservationstrategies on environmental issues like conservation of key wildlife species, protection of habitats,management of rivers, wetlands and their ecosystems, climate change mitigation, sustainable livelihoodalternatives for local communities, water and carbon footprint reduction in industries, and combating illegalwildlife trade. Interventions towards each of these issues are aimed to achieve one common long term goal,that of conserving natural resources and habitats for the survival of wildlife and local communities dependingon them. In the Annual Report 2011, through stories from across the country, we highlight how our conservationinterventions on different environmental issues complement one another.Biodiversity ConservationFootprint ReducationCommunity EngagementEducationGeospatial mappingResearch/Surveys
R. Saha/WWF-India
Securing the future of the SundarbansThe Sundarbans delta in India is a priority region for WWF-ensuring the beneficiary is accountable for the maintenance ofIndia due to its unique biodiversity. While it supports athe entire system. Since these installations, there have beensizeable population of wild tigers, it is also an ecologicallyno cases of wildlife straying into the villages at these locations.fragile and climatically vulnerable region that is home to over4.5 million people. Securing the future of the Sundarbans, itsbiodiversity and people requires a long term vision that canintegrate climate adaptation and conservation strategies alongwith shorter term interventions such as ensuring sustainablelivelihoods, access to clean and sustainable energy andmanaging human-wildlife conflict. WWF-India works on all ofThe station, with a generation capacity of9.63 KWp, currently provides uninterruptedpower to 50 households, 6 local businessesand 3 community buildings.these strategies in the Sundarbans while trying to promote alonger term vision for the delta as a whole.In March 2011, WWF-India released the Indian SundarbansDelta: A Vision. This unique document was the result of aAccess to clean and sustainable energy is a key strategy foryear-long effort and engagement with academics and policyensuring better livelihoods, enabling climate adaptation andmakers cutting across sectors, to deliberate on a future visionreducing dependence on natural resources as well as conflictfor the region. One of the key recommendations of the visionwith wildlife. Adjoining the Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, atdocument was the creation of a special Sundarbans District.Rajat Jubilee on Satjelia Island, WWF-India and CAT ProjectsAs part of its integrated strategy towards working in theAustralia set up a micro solar power station which wasSundarbans, WWF-India also helped set up the Sundarbansoperationalised in March 2011. The Bushlight model on whichPavilion, a web-based portal for information on the Delta.The micro solar power station set up at Satjelia Islandsadjoining Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary A. Manna/WWF-Indiathis is based involves comprehensive community engagementand energy education of the user community. The station,Work on sustainable aquaculture and promotion of farmingwith a generation capacity of 9.63 KWp, currently providespractices that can withstand the impacts of salinity and seauninterrupted power to 50 households, 6 local businesses andlevel rise also continues. WWF India plans to expand its3 community buildings. The station is owned and managed bywork on energy access in the Sundarbans through workinga consumer cooperative society.on electrification of van rickshaws, setting up solar chargingstations, and possibly expanding the Bushlight model to otherIn its on-going efforts to further reduce human wildlife conflictA farmer selling rice cultivated from a variety of salt tolerantpaddy. A. Manna/WWF-Indiaislands.in the fringe villages of Sundarbans, WWF-India installedsolar street lights in 24 Parganas (South) Forest Division inMay 2011. A home light connection to individual householdshas been set up in conjunction with each of the street lights,7
S. Worah/WWF-India
Keeping the Ganga and its ecosystems aliveThe Ganga river basin is one of the most densely populated andbetter soil and land management practices, and approaches tofertile basins in the world, supporting about 500 million peopleaddress the groundwater and energy nexus.over an area of approximately 800,000 sq. km. The river and itsIn partnership with FICCI, WWF-India worked with the paper &tributaries support several iconic and important freshwater andpulp and the sugar industry, to improve production processes forterrestrial species as they flow through the Terai Arc Landscapereducing water consumption and pollution. This resulted in thewhere WWF-India has been working for over a decade for thereduction of water consumption by 30-40% leading to a significantconservation of species and ecosystems.reduction in wastewater generation. WWF-India continued its workon the alternate sewage treatment technology—bioremediation,Bioremediation, resulted in the treatment ofabout 1,200 million litres of sewage fromKanpur and Allahabad that is dischargedinto the Ganga.treating about 1,200 million litres of sewage from Kanpur andsewage pumping stations which highlighted low, medium andA farmer practicing sustainable agriculture by using biofertilizers organic fertilizers and pesticides in his field.WWF India’s Living Ganga Programme, which entered its fourthhigh cost interventions to improve ‘watergy’ (the amount of energy A. Atroley/ WWF-Indiayear in 2011, has a holistic approach to developing solutions forconsumed to pump unit amount of water). Based on this, businessthe many problems that the river faces, including unsustainableplans for improving watergy have been handed over to the Uttarhydropower development, reduced environmental flows,Pradesh Jal Nigam and Kanpur Nagar Nigam.Allahabad that is discharged into the Ganga.WWF-India’s “Watergy Programme” in partnership with theKanpur Nagar Nigam facilitated energy audits of water andpollution, loss of biodiversity and impacts of climate change.This year, the project focused on piloting climate adaptationFreshwater biodiversity conservation initiatives includedstrategies in the basin, working with industries to addressthe ongoing work with communities and researchers on thepollution, handing over the “watergy” programme to the Kanpurconservation of the Gangetic dolphin and freshwater turtles. UnderNagar Nigam (KNN) and completing the environmental flowsthe gharial rehabilitation program in Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary,study.500 captive bred gharials have been released into the Ganga.Regular monitoring shows the gharials have adapted well in thePilot projects on climate adaptation were initiated in eightwild.villages of Kanpur and Hardoi districts in Uttar Pradesh, reachingout to over 650 villagers. Farmers are adopting sustainableagricultural practices like organic fertilizers and pesticides alongwith efficient water and irrigation management techniques,10,000 freshwater turtle hatchlings were released in theGanga after the eggs were conserved in a hatchery madeby local farmers. N. Srivastav/WWF-India9
S. Worah/WWF-India
Protecting the biodiversity of the Western GhatsThe Nilgiris-Western Ghats Landscape Complex supports theare revealing healthy tiger and leopard populations both withinsingle largest population of Asiatic elephants and tigers in theand outside Tiger Reserves. To strengthen protection in theseworld. Conserving these forests is critical for the long termforests, WWF-India regularly conducts training for the frontlinesurvival of these species. However, large scale developmentalstaff on tiger monitoring and prey base estimation, effectiveactivities have resulted in habitat fragmentation, andpatrolling, use of handheld GPS, map reading and applicationincrease in human wildlife conflict. WWF-India has a holisticof GIS in the field. To improve communication betweenconservation strategy for this landscape that addressesfrontline staff, a wireless network has been set up coveringhuman-wildlife conflict, enhanced protection and enforcement,more than 60% of the Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sactuary andmanagement of key wildlife corridors, monitoring of tigersForest Division, Coimbatore Forest Division, Kollegal Forestand elephant populations, and building support of keyDivision, and Nilgiris North and South Forest Division.stakeholders like the local communities, civil society and thestate government.WWF-India, with the Karnataka Forest Department, has radiocollared five crop raiding elephants, four males and one femaleWWF-India field team radio collaring a crop raiding elephant.Five elephants were radio-collared to understand theirbehaviour and monitor their movement. WWF-IndiaWWF-India, with the local ForestDepartment, have radio collared severalcrop raiding elephants.to understand their behavior and develop long term conflictmanagement strategies. Three males were translocatedAs part of a study to assess the environmental impact ofto the Bandipur Tiger Reserve and the Cauvery Wildlifeurbanization of cities situated near biodiversity rich areas, theSanctuary, and are monitored regularly. At three locations,ecological footprint of Coimbatore city was assessed. Theanti-depredation squads have also been set up to drive awaystudy revealed that Coimbatore has grown five-fold in lessthe crop raiding elephants from fields and human settlements.than four decades, resulting in a significant increase in theIn 2011, a female crop raiding elephant, also the leader of hercity’s ecological footprint, as well as large scale conversion ofherd, was radio collared in the Coimbatore Forest Division.forests. The study further revealed that infrastructure projectsMonitoring this elephant revealed that the herd was travelingin the area had severely fragmented the corridors used by2-3 km. from the forest to reach agricultural land. Based onelephants, leading to accidents on highways and rail tracks,this a trench was erected along the periphery to stop theand an increase in human-animal conflict. WWF-India willherd from leaving the forest area. A low cost electric fence forpresent this study to the Coimbatore City Corporation, andreducing the human‐elephant conflict has also been designed.encourage the development of urban planning that takesWWF-India is also conducting camera trapping exercises inthe landscape to monitor tigers and co-predators. The resultsRapid urbanization of Coimbatore city has severely fragmentedthe corridors used by elephants, leading to human wildlifeconflict. K. Rajashekariah/WWF-Indiainto account aspects of biodiversity including human animalconflict, ecosystem services and long term sustainability ofnature-society relations.11
J. Vattakaven/WWF-India
Corridor conservation in Central IndiaCentral India is home to some of the country’s best knownexercise have shown the presence of tiger and co-predatorProtected Areas (PAs) that support approximately 18% ofmovement in the corridors, and have helped to build supportthe wild tiger population in the world, as well as more thantowards protecting these corridors. Particularly in the Kanha-45 indigenous groups. These PAs are connected by forestPench corridor, these initiatives helped to avoid diversioncorridors that allow the movement of wild animals fromof approximately 70 hectares of forest land to convert theone forest to another. However, these corridors are facingNainpur-Balaghat narrow gauge rail into broad gauge whichfragmentation threat due to mining, infrastructure developmentwould have affected wildlife movement. Along the Kanha-and pressures from human settlements. WWF-India isPench corridor, 12 villages were identified that are located onworking to maintain and restore the functionality of threekey linkages and studies were conducted to understand themain corridors, Kanha-Pench, Pench-Satpuda and Kanha-use of forest resources. Three villages were introduced to fuelAchanakmar by managing human tiger conflict, monitoringefficient stoves to reduce the use of fuel wood.tiger and wildlife movement, developing alternatives with localcommunities, studying impacts of developmental pressuresAmong the indigenous tribes settled in Central India are theand building political support for conservation. WWF-India’straditional hunting tribe Pardhis, who have a strong presenceIndira Gandhi Conservation Monitoring Centre (IGCMC) isaround the Satpuda, Pench and Panna Tiger Reserves.providing crucial support in analysis and mapping of theseWWF-India, in partnership with the Madhya Pradesh statecorridors.Forest Department around the Panna Tiger Reserve, providesConstruction of roads and highways within and around wildlifecorridors has resulted in fragmentation of critical wildlifehabitat. J. Jena/WWF-Indiaenvironment education to the children of this community, andIn the Kanha Pench corridor, WWFIndia’s report helped to avoid diversion ofapproximately 70 hectares of forest land.vocational training to the adults, to enable them to take uplivelihoods other than hunting. In 2011, WWF-India impartedtraining in the production of bead and jute products to 120Pardhi families and a number of young students, towardsbuilding their capacity to adopt alternative livelihoods.In the corridors of Central India, WWF-India is deployingcamera traps on cattle kills made by tigers and leopardsEducation for Sustainable Development (ESD) is an importantto identify the predators and their dispersal routes. Thisapproach that builds understanding towards the lo
western ghats-nilgiris landscape sundarbans north bank landscape kaziranga - karbi anglong landscape western arunachal landscape ranthambore tiger reserve panna tiger reserve high altitude wetlands the indus, ganga and godavari river basins bharatpur rushikulya black-necked crane wwf-ind
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