MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23,

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MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsGeneral DescriptionFeaturesThe MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 dual/quad/single, highspeed, low-power comparators are optimized for 3V/ 5V single-supply applications. They achieve a20ns propagation delay while consuming only 225µAsupply current per comparator. The MAX998 features alow-power shutdown mode that places the output in ahigh-impedance state and reduces supply currentto 1nA.The MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 inputs have a commonmode voltage range that extends 200mV below ground.Their outputs are capable of rail-to-rail operation without external pullup circuitry, making these devices idealfor interface with CMOS/TTL logic. All inputs and outputs can tolerate a continuous short-circuit fault condition to either rail. The comparators’ internal hysteresisensures clean output switching, even with slow-movinginput signals.For space-critical applications, the single MAX998 isavailable in a 6-pin SOT23 package, the dual MAX976is available in an 8-pin µMAX package, and the quadMAX978 is available in a 16-pin QSOP package.o Single-Supply Operation Down to 2.7VApplicationso 20ns Propagation Delayo 225µA Supply Currento 1nA Shutdown Supply Currento Rail-to-Rail Outputso Ground-Sensing Inputso Internal Hysteresis Ensures Clean Switchingo Available in Space-Saving PackagesSOT23 (MAX998)µMAX (MAX976)QSOP (MAX978)Ordering InformationPARTMAX976ESA 8 SO—MAX976EUA 8 µMAX—MAX978ESE 16 Narrrow SO——Battery-Powered SystemsThreshold Detectors/DiscriminatorsMAX978EEE 16 QSOPMAX998ESA 8 SO3V SystemsIR ReceiversMAX998EUT T6 SOT23—AAAONote: All devices are specified over the -40 C to 85 C temperature range. Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.Digital Line ReceiversTypical Operating CircuitVCCPin ConfigurationsTOP VIEWVCC OUT 10.1µFVCCRDGNDMAX9986VCC5SHDN4IN-OUTGND 2SHDN -MAX998VCCR1SOT23TOP MARKPIN-PACKAGEIN 3R2VCCSOT23IR RECEIVERPin Configurations continued at end of data sheetµMAX a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Directat 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.19-1299; Rev 4; 5/14

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSSupply Voltage (VCC). 6VSHDN (MAX998) .-0.3V to 6VAll Other Pins.-0.3V to (VCC 0.3V)Current into Input Pins . 20mADuration of Output Short Circuit to GND or VCC .ContinuousContinuous Power Dissipation (TA 70 C)6-Pin SOT23-6 (derate 7.1mW/ C above 70 C) .571mW8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.10mW/ C above 70 C) .330mW8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/ C above 70 C).471mW16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/ C above 70 C) .696mW16-Pin QSOP (derate 8.33mW/ C above 70 C).667mWOperating Temperature Range .-40 C to 85 CStorage Temperature Range .-65 C to 160 CLead Temperature (soldering, 10s) . 300 CSoldering Temperature (reflow) . 260 CStresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functionaloperation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure toabsolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(VCC 2.7V to 5.5V, VCM 0V, TA -40 C to 85 C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA 25 C.) (Note 1)PARAMETERSupply Voltage RangeSupply Current per ComparatorShutdown Supply CurrentSYMBOLVCCICCISDCONDITIONSTYPMAXUNITS5.5VVCC 5.5V300650VCC 2.7V225Inferred from PSRR test2.7MAX998 only, SHDN GNDPower-Supply Rejection RatioPSRR2.7V VCC 5.5VCommon-Mode Voltage RangeVCMR(Note 2)Common-Mode Rejection RatioCMRR-0.2V VCM (VCC - 1.2V)Input Offset VoltageVOSVCC 5V (Note 3)Input-Referred HysteresisVHYSVCC 5V (Note 4)Input Bias CurrentMIN163-0.266TA 25 C50010095TA TMIN to TMAXnAdBVCC - 1.20.2µAVdB 2 3mVMAX976EUA, MAX998EUT0.31.55.0All others0.51.54.075300nAIBmVmVInput Offset CurrentIOS 5 100nAOUT Output-Voltage HighVOHISOURCE 2mA, VCC - VOH0.10.4VOUT Output-Voltage LowVOLISINK 2mA0.10.4VOUT Short-Circuit CurrentISHVCC 5.5VInput CapacitanceCINSHDN Input-Voltage HighVIHMAX998 onlySHDN Input-Voltage LowVILMAX998 onlyOUT Leakage CurrentSHDN Input CurrentPropagation DelayPropagation-Delay SkewIOUTI SHDNtPDSinking74Sourcing90mA3pF0.65 x VCCV0.2 x VCCVMAX998 only, SHDN GND,VOUT 0V to VCC1200nAMAX998 only1200nACLOAD 10pF,VCC 5V (Note 5)Overdrive 5mV28Overdrive 50mV2040nstSKEWCLOAD 10pF (Note 6)2nsPropagation-Delay MatchingBetween ChannelsΔtPDMAX976/MAX978 only1nsOutput Rise/Fall TimetR/tFCLOAD 10pF1.6nsShutdown Delay TimetSDMAX998 only, VCC 5V, ICC 10% of typical5µs2Maxim Integrated

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(VCC 2.7V to 5.5V, VCM 0V, TA -40 C to 85 C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA 25 C.) (Note 1)PARAMETERSYMBOLCONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNITSWake-Up from ShutdowntENMAX998 only, VCC 5V, ICC 90% of typical(Note 7)15µsPower-Up DelaytPUVCC 0V to 5V step, output valid3µsNote 1: The MAX998EUT specifications are 100% tested at TA 25 C. Limits over the extended temperature range are guaranteed by design, not production tested.Note 2: Inferred from CMRR test. Either input can be driven to the absolute maximum limit without false output inversion, as long asthe other input is within the common-mode voltage range.Note 3: VOS is defined as the mean of trip points. The trip points are the extremities of the differential input voltage required to makethe comparator output change state (Figure 1).Note 4: The difference between the upper and lower trip points is equal to the width of the input-referred hysteresis zone (Figure 1).Note 5: Propagation Delay is guaranteed by design. For low overdrive conditions, VTRIP (Figure 1) is added to the overdrive.Note 6: Propagation-Delay Skew is the difference between the positive-going and the negative-going propagation delay.Note 7: For design purposes, the tEN can be as high as 60µs.Typical Operating Characteristics(VCC 5V, VCM 0V, TA 25 C, unless otherwise noted.)SHORT-CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURE275225175-40-2002040608070VCC 5.5V, SINKING5040VCC 2.7V, SOURCINGVCC 2.7V, SINKING10-60100MAX976 TOC031.21.00.80.6VCC 2.7V0.4VCC 5.5V0.220-40-2002004060800.1100110TEMPERATURE ( C)TEMPERATURE ( C)OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGEvs. OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENTPROPAGATION DELAYvs. TEMPERATUREPROPAGATION DELAYvs. CAPACITIVE LOAD43VCC 2.7V2VOD 50mVCLOAD 15pF26PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)5272524VCC 2.7V23222120VCC 5.5V19140100MAX976 TOC06VCC 5.5VVOD 50mV35PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)6MAZX976 TOC5-6080601.430VCC 5.5V,VCC 2.7V, VOUT LOWVOUT LOW125OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)901.6OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)VCC 2.7V,VOUT HIGHVCC 5.5V, SOURCING100OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)325110MAX976 TOC01VCC 5.5V,VOUT HIGHMAX976 TOC04SUPPLY CURRENT PER COMPARATOR (μA)375OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGEvs. OUTPUT SINK CURRENTMAZX976 TOC2SUPPLY CURRENT PER COMPARATORvs. TEMPERATURE3025201518101700.1110OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)Maxim Integrated100-60-40-2002040TEMPERATURE ( C)6080100101001000CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)3

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsTypical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VCC 5V, VCM 0V, TA 25 C, unless otherwise noted.)60504030201010.5VOS0-0.5VTRIP-1.010INPUT BIAS CURRENTvs. INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE80VCC 5.5V7060VCC 2.7V40-601009050-1.5INPUT OVERDRIVE (mV)-40-20020406080100-60-40-200204060TEMPERATURE ( C)TEMPERATURE ( C)PROPAGATION DELAY(tPD , VCC 3V)PROPAGATION DELAY(tPD-, VCC 3V)MAX976 TOC11VCC 2.7VMAX976 TOC10100INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)VTRIP 1.0MAX976 TOC091.5-2.00100MAX976 TOC08702.0INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)MAX976 TOC07CLOAD 15pFTRIP POINTS/OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)9080INPUT BIAS CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURETRIP POINTS AND OFFSET VOLTAGEvs. TEMPERATUREPROPAGATION DELAYvs. INPUT OVERDRIVEVCC 5.5V1080100MAX976 TOC12VOD 50mVCLOAD 15pFVIN 50mV/divVIN 50mV/divVOUT1V/divVOUT1V/div10.1CLOAD 15pFVOD 50mV0.01-101234510ns/div610ns/divINPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)PROPAGATION DELAY(tPD , VCC 5V)PROPAGATION DELAY(tPD-, VCC 5V)MAX976 TOC1310MHz RESPONSEMAX976 TOC15MAX976 TOC14VOD 50mVCLOAD 15pFINPUT50mV/divVOSVIN 50mV/divVIN v4GNDVOD 50mVCLOAD 15pF10ns/div20ns/divMaxim Integrated

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsTypical Operating Characteristics (continued)(VCC 5V, VCM 0V, TA 25 C, unless otherwise noted.)WAKE-UP FROM SHUTDOWNSHUTDOWN DELAY TIMEMAX976 TOC17MAX976 TOC16VIN VIN-VIN v200ns/divPin X998SO1, 31, 3, 5, 733IN Comparator Noninverting Input2, 42, 4, 6, 842IN -Comparator Inverting Input59, 1324GNDGround6, 710, 11,14, 1516OUTComparator OutputNAMEFUNCTION812, 1667VCCSupply Voltage, 2.7V to 5.5V———1, 5N.C.No Connection. Not internally connected.——58SHDNDetailed DescriptionThe MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 dual/quad/single comparators operate from a single 2.7V to 5.5V supply.They achieve a 20ns propagation delay while consuming only 225µA of supply current per comparator. TheMAX998 features a low-power shutdown mode thatplaces the output in a high-impedance state andreduces supply current to 1nA. Activate shutdownmode by driving SHDN low.The MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 comparator inputs havea common-mode voltage range of -0.2V to (VCC - 1.2V).Maxim IntegratedShutdown Input. Drive low for shutdown mode. Drive high or connect to VCC for normal operation.Either input can be driven to the Absolute MaximumRatings limit without false output inversion, as long asthe other input is within the Common-Mode VoltageRange. Their push/pull output structure is capable ofrail-to-rail operation without external pull-up circuitry,making these devices ideal for interfacing withCMOS/TTL logic. All inputs and outputs can tolerate acontinuous short-circuit fault condition to either supply.The comparator’s internal hysteresis ensures clean output switching, even with slow-moving input signals.5

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsHysteresisHigh-speed comparators can oscillate in the linearoperating region because of noise or undesired parasitic feedback. This tends to occur when the voltage onone input is equal to or very close to the voltage on theother input. The MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 have internal hysteresis to counter parasitic effects and noise.The hysteresis in a comparator creates two trip points:one for the rising input voltage and one for the fallinginput voltage (Figure 1). The difference between the trippoints is the hysteresis. When the comparator inputvoltages are equal, the hysteresis effectively causesone comparator input voltage to move quickly past theother, taking the input out of the region where oscillation occurs.Figure 1 illustrates the case where IN- has a fixed voltage applied and IN is varied. If the inputs werereversed, the figure would be the same, except with aninverted output.Input-Stage CircuitryThe MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 input common-modevoltage range is from -0.2V to (VCC - 1.2V). The voltagerange for each comparator input extends to both VCCand GND. The output remains in the correct logic statewhile one or both of the inputs are within the commonmode range. If both input levels are out of the commonmode range, input-stage current saturation occurs, andthe output becomes unpredictable.Shutdown ModeThe MAX998 features a low-power shutdown mode,which is activated by forcing SHDN low. Shutdownmode reduces the supply current to 1nA (typical), disables the comparator, and places the output in a highimpedance state. Drive SHDN high to enable thecomparator. Do not leave SHDN unconnected. Since itis a high-impedance input, leaving SHDN unconnectedcould result in indeterminate logic levels, adverselyVHYSTVTRIP VIN VTRIP-COMPARATOROUTPUTVOS VTRIP VTRIP2VIN- 0VOHVOLFigure 1. Input and Output Waveforms, Noninverting InputVaried6affecting comparator operation. Likewise, do not threestate SHDN. Due to the output leakage currents ofthree-state devices and the small internal current forSHDN, three-stating this pin could also result in indeterminate logic levels.The maximum input voltage for SHDN is 6V, referred toGND, and is not limited by VCC. This allows the use of5V logic to drive SHDN while VCC operates at a lowervoltage, such as 3V. The logic threshold limits forSHDN are proportional to V CC (see ElectricalCharacteristics).Applications InformationCircuit Layout and BypassingThe MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 have a high-gain bandwidth and require careful board layout. We recommendthe following design guidelines:1) Use a printed circuit board with an unbroken, lowinductance ground plane. Surface-mount components are recommended.2) Place a decoupling capacitor (a 0.1µF ceramiccapacitor is a good choice) between V CC andground as close to the pins as possible.3) Keep lead lengths short on the inputs and outputsto avoid unwanted parasitic feedback around thecomparators.4) Solder the devices directly to the printed circuitboard instead of using a socket.5) Minimize input impedance.6) For slowly varying inputs, use a small capacitor( 1000pF) across the inputs to improve stability.Additional HysteresisGenerate additional hysteresis with three resistorsusing positive feedback, as shown in Figure 2. Thispositive feedback method slows the hysteresisresponse time. Calculate resistor values as follows:1) Select R3. The leakage current of IN is typically75nA, so the current through R3 should be at least1.0µA to minimize errors caused by leakage current.The current through R3 at the trip point is (VREF VOUT) / R3. Consider the two possible output stateswhen solving for R3. The two formulas are:R3 VREF/1.0µAorR3 (VCC - VREF)/1.0µAUse the smaller of the two resulting resistor values.For example, if VREF 1.2V and VCC 5.0V, the tworesistor values are 1.2MΩ and 3.8MΩ. Choose astandard value for R3 of 1.2MΩ.Maxim Integrated

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsR3Window 8MAX998Figure 2. Additional Hysteresis2) Choose the hysteresis band required (VHB). For thisexample, choose 100mV.3) Calculate R1. R1 R3 x (VHB / VCC). Plugging in thevalues for this example,R1 1.2MΩ x (100mV / 5.0V) 24kΩ4) Choose the trip point for V IN rising. This is thethreshold voltage at which the comparator switchesfrom low to high as VIN rises above the trip point. Inthis example, choose 3.0V.5) Calculate R2 as follows:R2 R2 1 VTHR 11 V R1 R3 REF x R1 The MAX976 is ideal for making a window detector(undervoltage/overvoltage detector). The schematicshown in Figure 3 uses a MAX6120 reference and component values selected for a 2.0V undervoltage threshold and a 2.5V overvoltage threshold. Choose differentthresholds by changing the values of R1, R2, and R3.OUTA provides an active-low undervoltage indication,and OUTB gives an active-low overvoltage indication.ANDing the two outputs provides an active-high,power-good signal. The design procedure is as follows:1) Select R1. The leakage current into INB- is normally75nA, so the current through R1 should exceed1.0µA for the thresholds to be accurate. R1 values inthe 50kΩ to 100kΩ range are typical.2) Choose the overvoltage threshold (VOTH) when VINis rising, and calculate R2 and R3 with the followingformula:RSUM R2 R3 R1 x [VOTH / (VREF VH) - 1]where VH 1/2VHYST.3) Choose the undervoltage threshold (VUTH) when VINis falling, and calculate R2 with the following formula:R2 (R1 RSUM) x [(VREF - VH) / VUTH] - R1where VH 1/2VHYST.4) Calculate R3 with the following formula:R3 (RSUM) - R21 3.0V 11 24kΩ1.2M 1.2 x 24kΩ 16.2kΩ5) Verify the resistor values. The equations are as follows:VOTH (VREF VH) x (R1 R2 R3) / R1VUTH (VREF - VH) x (R1 R2 R3) / (R1 R2)R382.1kΩ1%Choose a standard value for R2 of 16kΩ.6) Verify the trip voltage and hysteresis as follows:VINR224.9kΩ1%VCC R1 x VCC VIN falling : VTHF VTHR R3 12MAX9762UNDERVOLTAGE5731/2The Typical Operating Circuit shows an application usingthe MAX998 as an infrared receiver. The infrared photodiode creates a current relative to the amount of infraredlight present. This current creates a voltage across RD.When this voltage level crosses the voltage applied by thevoltage divider to the inverting input, the output transitions.0.1μF8POWER GOODMAX6120IR ReceiverMaxim Integrated11/2 111 VIN rising: VTHR VREF x R1 x R2R3 R1Hysteresis VTHR VTHFVCC436OVERVOLTAGEMAX976R1100kΩ1%Figure 3. Window Comparator7

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsPin Configurations (continued)MAX978TOP VIEW 8IN- 23INA 1 N.C. 1IN MAX976MAX9987 GND 465SHDNVCCOUTN.C.INA INAINB 123 -INB- 487VCCOUTAINA- 2INB 3INB- 46GNDINC- 6IND 7SOSO/µMAX16 VCC -14 OUTB -12 VCC -10 OUTD15 OUTA13 GNDOUTBINC 55 -IND- 811 OUTC9GNDSO/QSOPChip InformationPROCESS: CMOS8Maxim Integrated

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsPackage InformationFor the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “ ”, “#”, or“-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to thepackage regardless of RoHS status.PACKAGE TYPEPACKAGE CODEOUTLINE NO.LANDPATTERN NO.6 SOT23U6 221-005890-01758 S0S8 221-004190-00968 µMAXU8 121-003690-009216 SOS16M 321-004190-009716 QSOPE16M 121-005590-0167Maxim Integrated9

MAX976/MAX978/MAX998Single/Dual/Quad, SOT23, Single-Supply,High-Speed, Low-Power ComparatorsRevision 7Initial release11/98Adding specs for MAX998—21/07Adding input current ratings to Abs Max—33/09Update Chip Information, Package Info, correct unit measurement in TOC 8, stylechanges1, 3, 4, 845/14Added lead-free information to Ordering Information, revised Absolute MaximumRatings and Package Information1, 2, 9DESCRIPTION—Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patentlicenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min andmax limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.10 Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000 2014 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

The MAX976/MAX978/MAX998 dual/quad/single, high-speed, low-power comparators are optimized for 3V/ 5V single-supply applications. They achieve a 20ns propagation delay while consuming only 225µA supply current per comparator. The MAX998 features a low-power shutdown mode that places th

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