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2018Annual ReportUNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINEFuture Tense

University of PittsburghSchool of Medicine2018 ANNUAL REPORTFuture Tense1Message from the Dean2News & Achievements12Education & Training30ResearchGrants of Note, 31Publications of Note, 3347Donors57Administration, Departments,Institutes, & LeadershipCOVER : A “future tense”interpretation of the clinicalencounter encompassesdoctor, patient, and countlessdata points.

A Future Tense EthosIf you’re not “future tense,” it’s possible that you’re just not paying attention,because the near future should have us all on tenterhooks, for both good andnot-so-good reasons.First, the good: One of the most salient features of our time is the extraordinarywealth of scientific and biomedical knowledge that we now have at our disposal.Patients and doctors already benefit from recent technological advances, improveddiagnostics, and new treatments. And it’s abundantly clear that the potential forso much more is tantalizingly close, lying just beyond the horizon.To make the most of this moment, we must combine these new capabilities withtried-and-true medical practice, sound clinical and translational science, and the willto extend health care to all those who need it.That brings us to the flip side of all this newfound potential. Medicine is a humanisticenterprise, but one has to wonder if humanism will overcome tribalism in this population of more than 7 billion human beings. We may find out in the next century. Wealready face serious medical and public health challenges brought on by global climatechange, and it’s safe to assume those challenges will intensify.For that reason, I challenge my colleagues every day to make the best use of thisextraordinary moment in history and to seize the opportunity while we can. No previousgeneration has received a biomedical and scientific inheritance such as we have. Ourjob as clinicians and scientists is to proceed urgently and courageously, to probe theboundaries of current medical knowledge in the belief that we can learn much moreto improve the human condition. To that end, we invest strategically and take actionentrepreneurially; this high-risk, high-reward approach is rooted not in blind optimism,but in confidence and humanism.At the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, we’re striving to construct acompelling vision of the future today—to think and act in the future tense. I invite youto discover for yourself, on the pages of this report, evidence of our recent progress.ARTHUR S. LEVINE, MDSenior Vice Chancellor for the Health Sciences andJohn and Gertrude Petersen Dean, School of MedicineOUR JOB AS CLINICIANS AND SCIENTISTS IS TOPROCEED URGENTLY AND COURAGEOUSLY, TO PROBETHE BOUNDARIES OF CURRENT MEDICAL KNOWLEDGEIN THE BELIEF THAT WE CAN LEARN MUCH MORE TOIMPROVE THE HUMAN CONDITION.UNI VERSITY OF PITTSB U RGH SC H OOL OF MEDI C I N E1

News & AchievementsPitt and UPMCMove Side by SideInto the FutureEvery day, significant healthsciences research and clinicalmedicine outcomes rest onthe bedrock of the Universityof Pittsburgh and UPMC.The essential partnershipof these two legally separatebut interdependent entitiescontinues to set the standardfor academic medical centersin the advancement ofknowledge, education, andtraining of new scientists andhealth care professionals inPittsburgh and worldwide.Pitt Research FundingFunding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is a benchmarkof overall stature among research-intensive academic health centers.Since 1998, the University of Pittsburgh has ranked among thetop 10 recipients of NIH funding, driven by the School of Medicine.The University’s faculty has been ranked fifth since 2010.2017 NIH FUNDINGUNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH 528 M1,130 Awards2018 OVERALL RESEARCH SPENDINGUNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH 808 Mfor research in theSchool of Medicine2 551 M

New Faces / AppointeesNEW CHAIR OF ANESTHE SIOLOGYAND PERIOPERATIVE MEDICINEAman Mahajan, MD, PhD, MBA, hasbeen appointed chair of the newlyrenamed Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine.Mahajan, Peter and Eva Safar Professor of Anesthesiology, is also director ofperioperative services for the University ofPittsburgh Physicians and UPMC.He previously served as chair of theDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine at the UCLA David GeffenSchool of Medicine. His clinical expertiseincludes cardiothoracic anesthesiology,cardiac electrophysiology, and echocardiography. His research interests focus onspinal neural modulation of cardiac electrophysiology and cardiac function assessmentin heart failure.Mahajan earned an MD at the University of Delhi, a PhD in physiology at UCLA,and an MBA at the University of Massachusetts. He holds seven patents and isa successful entrepreneur, having servedas founder and chief technology officerfor several startups. In addition, Mahajanis a diplomate of the American Board ofAnesthesiology and a fellow of the AmericanHeart Association.UNI VERSITY OF PITTSB U RGH SC H OOL OF MEDI C I N ECENTER FOR VACCINE RESEARCHDIRECTOR NAMEDW.Paul Duprex, PhD, a distinguishedmolecular virologist and vaccinedesigner, has been appointeddirector of the University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Vaccine Research (CVR),which facilitates and conducts studiesfocused on the development of diagnostics,therapeutics, and vaccines for infectiousdiseases that pose risks to global publichealth and security. Duprex is an expert inmeasles and mumps viruses, and he studiesbarriers that stop animal viruses from jumping to humans. He officially joins the facultyin December 2018 and will hold the UPMCJonas Salk Chair in Vaccine Research at Pitt.Duprex will also direct Pitt’s Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, a facility that allowsscientists to safely contain and examinepotentially dangerous pathogens.Duprex comes to Pitt from the BostonUniversity School of Medicine, where heserved as professor of microbiology anddirector of bioimaging at the university’sNational Emerging Infectious DiseasesLaboratories.In March 2018, Duprex was awarded agrant from the Human Frontiers ScienceProgram—an international organizationthat funds pioneering biological research—to study the interactions of a newly discovered measles-like virus with its vampirebat host. His research team is relocating toPittsburgh with him.Goals for the CVR go beyond infectious disease studies, says Duprex. “Thevast majority of vaccines are still given byinjection, but Pitt has exciting, ongoingresearch to change that and deliver themin ways that don’t involve large needles. Thisoffers tremendous opportunities to developtemperature-stable vaccines, something thatmotivates me greatly since this could have amajor impact on delivery in the developingworld. New pathogens continually emerge,and keeping one step ahead is critical.”WOMEN’S CANCER EXPERTRECRUITEDRonald Buckanovich, MD, PhD, arenowned physician-scientist andexpert in gynecologic cancers,has been recruited to colead theWomen’s Cancer Research Center at theMagee-Womens Research Institute, theUPMC Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, and the Hillman Breast and OvarianCancer Program. He has been appointedprofessor of medicine and of obstetrics,gynecology, and reproductive sciencesat the School of Medicine and will alsojoin the Comprehensive Ovarian BiologyResearch Center (see page 31).Buckanovich was recruited from theUniversity of Michigan, where he was associate professor of internal medicine in theDivisions of Hematology and Oncology andGynecological Oncology. He earned a PhDat Rockefeller University and an MD at WeillMedical College at Cornell University. Hecompleted an internal medicine residencyand hematology/oncology fellowship at theUniversity of Pennsylvania.Along with his team, Buckanovich recentlydeveloped a novel tumor model to studythe role of human cancer stem cells, whichare thought to drive cancer recurrence. Thelaboratory model mimics the human tumorenvironment closely and allows scientiststo test new cancer therapies. His teamhas identified two novel compounds thatdirectly target cancer stem cells and are beingdeveloped for first-in-human clinical trials.In addition, the team has determinednovel diagnostic serum biomarkers topotentially screen for ovarian cancer at itsearliest stages.3

NEWS & ACHIEVEMENTSHONORS AND APPOINTMENTSPitt Faculty Make the AAP, ASCI GradeWhen it comes to Pitt faculty membership in two ofmedicine’s most elite professional societies, 2018 couldbe the year of the Magnificent Six.ASCI is a medical honor society celebrating scholarlyachievement among up-and-coming biomedical researchers, whomust be 50 or younger at the time of election. Each year, 60 physiciansare chosen to join AAP in recognition of outstanding achievements inbasic and clinical science and their application to clinical medicine.Elected to the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI) were:Susanne Ahmari, MD, PhD, assistant professor of psychiatry. Ahmariearned her MD and PhD in molecular and cellular physiology at Stanford University and completed residency and postdoctoral training inanxiety and affective disorders at Columbia University. Her researchinterests focus on neural circuits underlying repetitive thoughts, theintersection of compulsive behaviors and anxiety, and the use of noveltools like optogenetics for circuit dissection.Alexandre Dombrovski, MD, associate professor of psychiatry.Dombrovski earned his MD at Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy and completed residency and postdoctoral training in geriatricpsychiatry at UPMC Western Psychiatric Hospital. His research interestsinclude reinforcement learning, decision-making in suicidal behavior,and borderline personality disorder.Daniel Kaplan, MD, PhD, professor of dermatology and of immunology. Kaplan received his MD and PhD degrees from WashingtonUniversity in St. Louis, completed an internship at Beth Israel Hospital,Boston, a dermatology residency at Yale New Haven Hospital, anda postdoctoral fellowship at Yale University. His research interests focus on the function of skin-resident cells in determining theextent and character of skin inflammation, particularly the contributions of epidermal Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells in thedevelopment of adaptive T-cell immune responses, as well as localinnate immune responses.Matthew Rosengart, MD, MPH, professor of surgery, of critical caremedicine, and of clinical and translational science. Rosengart earnedhis MD at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and his MPH atthe University of Washington. He also finished general surgery residencies at both universities and fellowships in molecular biology,trauma, and critical care at the University of Washington. Rosengarthas extensive experience examining the role of innate immunity in thesystemic response to injury and infection, with particular expertisein phagocyte biology, calcium signaling, autophagy, mitochondrialfunction, and, recently, circadian biology, using clinically relevantmodels of sepsis and trauma.Elected to the Association of American Physicians (AAP) were:Daniel Buysse, MD, UPMC Professor of Sleep Medicine and professor of psychiatry and of clinical and translational science. Buysse’sresearch focuses on the diagnosis, assessment, pathophysiology,and treatment of insomnia. He has published more than 350 peerreviewed manuscripts and 100 book chapters or invited reviews. He ispast president of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, a currentboard member of the Sleep Research Society, and past deputy editorof SLEEP and the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.From top, left:Ahmari, Dombrovski,Kaplan, Rosengart,Buysse, Sahel4José-Alain Sahel, MD, Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chair ofophthalmology. A member of the French Academy of Sciences, Sahelalso leads the Vision Institute in Paris. He is a pioneer in the field ofartificial retina and eye regenerative therapies. A major discoveryby Sahel and colleagues is that the rod photoreceptors produce atrophic factor called RdCVF (rod-derived cone viability factor). Thisfinding demonstrates the biological basis for paracrine interactionsbetween rods and cones, which play a key role in maintaining photoreceptor viability. RdCVF, therefore, may preserve central vision insome blinding human diseases.

PEDIATRIC DIVISIONHEADS NAMEDNew Appointees in Gastroenterologyand Newborn MedicineAn internationally recognizedexpert in liver disease, AndrewFeranchak, MD, has beenappointed chief of the PediatricDivision of Gastroenterology,Hepatology, and Nutrition atUPMC Children’s Hospital ofPittsburgh (CHP). He formerlyserved as professor of pediatrics and division director ofpediatric gastroenterology atthe Univer sity of Texas South western Medical Center, Dallas.A Pittsburgh native,Feranchak earned his medicaldegree at the University ofPittsburgh School of Medicineand com pleted a pediatricsresidency at CHP. He completeda pediatric gastroenterology,hepatology, and nutritionfellowship at the Universityof Colorado. His researchinterests include the mechanisms of bile formation, biliarysecretion, and liver cell volumeregulation. These investi gationswill provide a foundation fornew cholestatic liver diseasetherapies at CHP.Thomas Diacovo, MD, hasbeen appointed chief of theDivision of Newborn Medicineand director of neonatal cardiovascular research at CHP ’sHeart Institute. Recognized asa leader in thrombosis research,he has made significant contributions to the developmentof pharmacological agentsdesigned to treat neonatalintensive care patients withcongenital heart disease, whoare at high risk for formingblood clots.Diacovo joined CHP fromColumbia University MedicalCenter, where he was a professor of pediatrics, of pathology,and of cell biology. He receivedhis MD from McGill Universityand completed postdoctoraltraining in cell biology and afellowship in neonatology atBoston Children’s Hospitaland Harvard Medical School.Gronenborn JoinsSelect CompanyAngela Gronenborn, PhD,is among 213 individualsin a wide range of disciplines and professionswho have been elected to theAmerican Academy of Arts andSciences in 2018. Gronenborn isDistinguished Professor, UPMCRosalind Franklin Professor, andchair of structural biology in theSchool of Medicine. She is alsoprofessor of bioengineering,Swanson School of Engineering.Her research combines nuclearmagnetic resonance spectroscopy with biophysics, biochemistry, and chemistry to investigatecellular processes at the molecular and atomic levels in relation tohuman disease. Her current interests focus on gene regulation andHIV pathogenesis.Gronenborn was previouslyelected to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), in 2007.In that elite group, she keepscompany with fellow Pitt Schoolof Medicine Distinguished Professors Yuan Chang, MD, Patrick S.Moore, MD, MPH, and Peter L.Strick, PhD. Also among School ofMedicine faculty are 19 membersof the National Academy of Medicine and four members of theNational Academy of Inventors.Pitt’s Global PatentRanking Rises to 21University Also SetsNew Record for StartupsPitt innovators racked up94 patents for inventionsin 2017. The Universitynow ranks No. 21 worldwide, continuing a three-yearascent in position, according toa report compiled from UnitedStates Patent and TrademarkOffice data.New patents ranged froma compound for diagnosingAlzheimer’s disease to a systemfor measuring muscle motionto improve a baseball player’sswing. Each year, the NationalAcademy of Inventors and theUNI VERSITY OF PITTSB U RGH SC H OOL OF MEDI C I N EIntellectual Property OwnersAssociation ranks the top 100universities named first onthese documents, known as utility patents, to highlight the vitalrole patents play in universityresearch and innovation.The University also tracks itsstartups by fiscal year and set anew record of 22 such companiesin fiscal year 2018. Among thosecompanies founded by School ofMedicine faculty are:Globin Solutions Inc., a biotechnology startup formed in 2017to develop a rapidly acting antidote to carbon monoxide poisoning. In April 2018, the companycompleted a Series A fundinground of more than 5 million.Globin founders include Mark T.Gladwin, MD, DistinguishedProfessor of Medicine, JackD. Myers Professor of InternalMedicine, and chair, Departmentof Medicine; Jason J. Rose, MD,MBA , assistant professor of medicine; and Jesus Tejero Bravo, PhD,associate professor of medicine.LyGenesis Inc. is working togenerate functional liver tissue—create mini-livers—using thebody’s own lymph nodes. Pre clinical experiments have provenso successful that the conceptbecame a featured subplotduring the 2018 season of theABC television series Grey’sAnatomy. Company foundersare Eric Lagasse, PharmD, PhD,associate professor of pathology,and Paulo Fontes, MD, who isaffiliated with the Pitt- UPMCMcGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine.Yealy Elected toNational AcademyDonald M. Yealy, MD, pro fessor and chair of emergency medicine, has beenelected to the NationalAcademy of Medicine (NAM),considered one of the highesthonors in medicine.Yealy earned his MD from theMedical College of Pennsylvania and completed an emergencymedicine residency and clinicalresearch fellowship at Pitt. Hejoined the Pitt faculty in 1993as associate chief of what wasthen the Division of EmergencyMedicine. He has been chair ofthe Department of EmergencyMedicine since 2009.Yealy serves as deputy editorof the Annals of EmergencyMedicine. Yealy’s research intoprehospital airway management, acute care teamwork andfatigue, pneumonia, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, andsepsis has influenced clinicalcare in life-threatening situations,with his publications guidingnational recommendations.NAM was established in1970 under the charter of theNational Academy of Sciencesto advise the nation’s leadershipon medical and health issues.Cancer OrganizationsHonor FinnOlivera J. Finn, PhD, Distinguished Professor ofImmunology, receivedthe 2017 Lloyd J. OldAward in Cancer Immunologyfrom the American Associationfor Cancer Research and theCancer Research Institute. Theaward, given yearly, recognizesan active cancer immunologistwho has done pioneering, innovative, and influential researchin cancer immunology.Finn is credited with identifying the first tumor-associatedT-cell target on human adenocarcinomas in 1989. Her researchgroup also identified certain antibodies in cancers of the breast,pancreas, and colon, which ledto the development of a cancervaccine currently being tested inclinical trials.Finn’s research has beenfunded by the National CancerInstitute (NCI) continuously since1984, and her current research issupported by an NCI OutstandingInvestigator Award.5

NEWS & ACHIEVEMENTSINNOVATIVE RESE ARCH LE ADERWanted: A Long and Healthy LifeAging Institute Takes Aimat the Biology of AgingTAndrew Schwartz, PhD, (left) touches a robotic hand manipulated by studyparticipant Nathan Copeland (right), while members of the research team observe.IN FOCUS: PITT’S BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE RESEARCH TEAMOne October day in 2017, Andrew Schwartz, PhD, shared a tablewith Jan Scheuermann and journalist Raffi Khatchdourian at aUniversity of Pittsburgh Brain Institute event.Scheuermann, who has tetraplegia, is one of only three peopleto undergo a brain-computer interface (BCI) connection in thecourse of Pitt neuroscience research. A microelectrode arraytemporarily implanted in her motor cortex records neural activityassociated with voluntary movements; those signals then direct themovement of a prosthetic arm and hand. The work is based, in part,on research by Schwartz, Distinguished Professor of Neuro biology.Readers could learn more in the November 26, 2018, issue ofThe New Yorker in a feature written by Khatchdourian and narratedonline by actor Julia Whelan. At nearly 13,000 words and 31 pages,“Degrees of Freedom” offers an in-depth look at the developmentof the brain-computer interface over decades—with particularfocus on Schwartz, Scheuermann,

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1 I A Future Tense Ethos f you’re not “future tense,” it’s possible that you’re just not paying attention, because the near future should have us all on tenterhooks, for both good and not-so-good reasons. irst, the good: One of the most salient fea

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