UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT M.Sc Programme In Chemistry Under .

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UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT(Abstract)M.Sc programme in Chemistry under Credit Semester System (PG) -in affiliatedcolleges-Modified Syllabus-approved– implemented-with effect from 2010admissions-Orders issued.GENERAL & ACADEMIC BRANCH -IV ‘J’ SECTIONNo. GA IV/J2/4684/10Calicut University PO, Dated 17.02.2012Read: 1. U.O.No. GAIV/J1/1373/08 dated 23.07.2010.2. U.O. No. GAIV/J2/4684/08 dated 30.07.2010.3. U.O.No. GAIV/J2/4684/10 dated 19.01.20114. Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Chemistry held on19.11.2011.5. Orders of the Registrar on 08.02.20126. Orders of the Vice Chancellor on 14.02.2 012 in the file of even no.ORDERAs per University Order read as first, Credit Semester System wasimplemented to all PG programmes in affiliated Arts and Science Colleges andSelf Financing Centers of the University with effect from 2010 admissiononwards.The scheme and syllabus for the 1 st semester of M.Sc Programme inChemistry under CSS PG was implemented vide paper read as second above.Videpaper read as third above, the syllabus of M.Sc. Chemistry programme under CSSPG for the II, III, & IV semesters was implemented.The Board of Studies in Chemistry (PG) in its meeting held on 19.11.2011approved the modified syllabus of M.Sc. Chemistry programme under CSS PG witheffect from 2010 admission vide paper read as third.The Vice-Chancellor, considering the exigency, exercising the powers ofthe Academic Council has approved the item no. 01 of the minutes, subject toratification by the Academic Council.Sanction has therefore been accorded for implementing the modifiedSyllabus of M.Sc programme in Chemistry under CSS PG 2010 with effect from2010 admission.Orders are issued accordingly. Scheme and Syllabus appended.Sd/ASSISTANT REGISTRAR (G & A -IV)For REGISTRARForwarded/By OrderSd/SECTION OFFICERToCopy to:The Principals of affiliated Colleges offering MSc programme in ChemistryPS to VC,PA to Registrar,Chairman,B/S Chemistry or (with a request to upload in the University website),InformationCentres,GAI F G , GAII,III/SF/FC/DF

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY (CSS PATTERN)Regulations and Syllabuswith effect from 2010 admissionPreambleThe Board of Studies in Chemistry (PG) at its meeting held on21.06.2010 considered the introduction of Credit Semester System (CSS) inaffiliated colleges for the PG programmes in Chemistry and resolved toimplement the CSS pattern from 2010 admission onwards. The revisedprogramme pattern; syllabus, distribution of credits and scheme of evaluation,etc. approved by the Board are given below:Pattern of the Programme(a)The name of the programme shall be M.Sc. Chemistry under CSSpattern.(b)The programme shall be offered in four semesters within a period of twoacademic years.(c)Eligibility for admission wi ll be as per the rules laid down by theUniversity from time to time.(d)Details of the programme offered for the programme are given inTable I. The programme shall be conducted in accordance with theprogramme pattern, scheme of examination a nd syllabus prescribed. Ofthe 25 hours per week, 12 hours shall be allotted for theory, 12 hoursfor practicals and 1 hour for seminar.Theory CoursesIn each semester there will be three theory courses. All the theorycourses in the first and second semesters are core papers. In the thirdsemester there will be two core theory courses and one elective course.Colleges can choose any one of the elective courses given in table 1. In thefourth semester there will be one core courses and two elective courses.College can choose any two elective courses from those given in table 1.However a candidate may be permitted to choose any other elective courseswithout giving any lecture classes.Practicals: In each semester there will be three core practic al courses(2 credits each). However practical examination will be conducted only at theend of the second semester for CHPO1, CHPO2, CHPO3 and at the end offourth semester for CHPO4, CHPO5, CHPO6.Project and Viva Voce : Each student will have to do an independentresearch project work during the programme under the guidance of a facultymember of the college/ scientists of recog nized research institutions and tosubmit the dissertation at the end of the fourth semester for evaluation(5 credits). There will be a comprehensive viva voce (3 credits) at the end of2

the fourth semester. The viva voce will be based on the theory and practicalcourses and the project work.Dr. K. KrishnankuttyChairmanBOS in Chemistry (PG)3

TABLE ICourses offered for M.Sc. Chemistry Programme under CCSS inAffiliated CollegesSEMESTER ICourseCodeCourse TitleInstruction/WeekCreditsCH1CO1Theoretical Chemistry I44CH1CO2Inorganic Chemistry I44CH1CO3Organic Chemistry I44CH1PO1Inorganic Chemistry Practical I4CH1PO2Organic Chemistry Practical I4CH1PO3Physical Chemistry Practical I4SEMESTER IITotal Credits (Core)12CH2CO4Theoretical Chemistry II44CH2CO5Physical Chemistry I44CH2CO6Organic Chemistry II44CH2PO1Inorganic Practical I44CH2PO2Organic Practical I44CH2PO3Physical Practical I44SEMESTER IIITotal Credits (Core)24CH3CO7Physical Chemistry II44CH3CO8Inorganic Chemistry II44CH3PO4Inorganic Practicals II4CH3PO5Organic Practicals II4CH3PO6Physical Practicals II4CH3EO1Synthetic Organic Chemistry44CH3EO2Natural Products44CH3EO3Polymer Chemistry44Total Credits – CoreElective484

SEMESTER IVCH4CO9Advanced Topics in Chemistry44CH4PO4Inorganic ChemistryPractical II44CH4PO5Organic Chemistry Practical II44CH4PO6Physical ChemistryPractical II44CH4EO4Instrumental Methods ofAnalysis44CH4EO5Computational Chemistry44CH4EO6Material Science44CH4EO7Industrial Catalysis44CH4EO8Bioinorganic andOrganometallic Chemistry44CH4PrO1Research Project and VivaVoceTotal Credits -CoreElectiveProject5 3 81688TOTAL CREDITS OF THEPROGRAMMECORE60ELECTIVE12PROJECT AND VIVA VOCE8Total Credits580

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY CSS PATTERN – SEMESTER ICH1CO1 – THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY – I (4 Credits) (72 h)UNIT I : The Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (9 h) . Historicalbackground of quantum mechanics. Detailed discussion of postulates ofquantum mechanics – State function or wave function postulate, Borninterpretation of the wave function, well behaved functions,orthonormality of wave functions; Operator postu late, operator algebra,linear and nonlinear operators, Laplacian operator, Hermitianoperators and their properties, eigen functions and eigen values of anoperator; Eigen value postulate, eigen value equation, eigen functions ofcommuting operators; Expe ctation value postulate; Postulate of time dependent Schrödinger equation of motion, conservative systems andtime-independent Schrödinger equation.UNIT II : Quantum mechanics of translational & vibrational motions(9 h). Particle in a one-dimensional box with infinite potential walls,important features of the problem; Free particle in one -dimension;Particle in a one-dimensional box with finite potential walls (or particlein a rectangular well) – tunneling; Particle in a three dimensional box,separation of variables, degeneracy.One-dimensional harmonic oscillator (complete treatment): - Method ofpower series, Hermite equation and Hermite polynomials, recursionrelation, wave functions and energies, important features of theproblem, harmonic oscilla tor model and molecular vibrations.UNIT III : Quantum mechanics of Rotational motion (9 h) . Co-ordinatesystems:- Cartesian, cylindrical polar and spherical polar coordinatesand their relationships. Rigid rotator (complete treatment): The waveequation in spherical polar coordinates, planar rigid rotor (or particle ona ring), the Phi-equation, solution of the Phi-equation, handling ofimaginary wave functions, wave functions in the real form; Non -planarrigid rotor (or particle on a sphere), separation of variables, the Phi equation and the Theta -equation and their solutions, Legendre andassociated Legendre equations, Legendre and associated Legendrepolynomials, Rodrigue's formula, spherical harmonics (imaginary andreal forms), polar diagrams of sphe rical harmonics.Quantization of angular momentum, quantum mechanical operatorscorresponding to angular momenta ( L x, Ly, Lz, ), commutation relationsbetween these operators, spherical harmonics as eigen functions ofangular momentum operators L x & L z, Ladder operator method forangular momentum, space quantization.UNIT IV : Quantum Mechanics of Hydrogen -like Atoms (9h). Potentialenergy of hydrogen-like systems, the wave equation in spherical polarcoordinates, separation of variables, the R, Theta a nd Phi equations andtheir solutions, Laguerre and associated Laguerre polynomials, wavefunctions and energies of hydrogen-like atoms, orbitals, radial functions6

and radial distribution functions and their plots. angular functions(spherical harmonics) an d their plots. The postulate of spin byUhlenbeck and Goudsmith, Dirac's relativistic equation for hydrogenatom and discovery of spin (qualitative treatment), spin orbitals,construction of spin orbitals from orbitals and spin functions.UNIT V : Approximation methods in quantum mechanics (9 h) . Manybody problem and the need of approximation methods; Independentparticle model; Variation method – variation theorem with proof,illustration of variation theorem using a trial function [e.g.,x (a-x)] for particle in a 1D-box and using the trial function e - r2 for thehydrogen atom, variation treatment for the ground state of heliumatom; Perturbation method – time-independent perturbation method(non-degenerate case only), illustration by application to particle in aID-box with slanted bottom, perturbation treatment of the ground stateof the helium atom.UNIT VI : Quantum mechanics of many -electron atoms (9 h). HartreeSelf-Consistent Field method for atoms; Spin orbitals for many electronatoms, symmetric and antisymmetric wave functions, Pauli'santisymmetry principle; Slater determinants; Hartree -Fock SelfConsistent Field (HF-SCF) method for atoms, Hartree -Fock equations(derivation not required) & the Fock operator; Roothan's concept ofbasis functions – Slater type orbitals (STO) and Gaussian type orbitals(GTO).UNIT VII : Chemical bonding in diatomic molecule (9 h) . Schrödingerequation for a molecule, Born – Oppenheimer approximation; ValenceBond (VB) theory – VB theory of H 2 molecule, singlet and triplet statefunctions (spin orbitals) of H 2; Molecular Orbital (MO) theory – MOtheory of H 2 ion, MO theory of H 2 molecule, MO treatment ofhomonuclear diatomic molecules – Li2, Be2, C2, N2, O2 & F2 and heteronuclear diatomic molecules – LiH, CO, NO & HF, bond order,correlation diagrams, non -crossing rule; Spectroscopic term symbols fordiatomic molecules; Comparison of MO and VB theories.UNIT VIII : Chemical Bonding in polyatomic molecules (9 h) .Hybridization – quantum mechanical treatment of sp, sp 2 & sp3hybridisation; Semi empirical MO treatment of planar conjugatedmolecules – Hückel Molecular Orbital (HMO) theory of ethylene,butadiene & allylic anion, charge distributions and bond orders fromthe coefficients of HMO, calculation of free valence, HMO theory ofaromatic hydrocarbons (benzene); formula for the roots of the Hückeldeterminantal equation, Frost -Hückel circle mnemonic device for cyclicpolyenes.References1.2.3.F.L. Pilar, Elementary Quantum Chemistry , McGraw-Hill, 1968.I.N. Levine, Quantum Chemistry, 6th Edition, Pearson Education Inc.,2009.I.N. Levine, Student Solutions Manual for Quantum Chemistry 6 thEdition, Pearson Education Inc., 2009.7

4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.P.W. Atkins and R.S. Friedman, Molecular Quantum Mechanics , 4thEdition, Oxford Univer sity Press, 2005.M.W. Hanna, Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry , 2nd Edition, W.A.Benjamin Inc., 1969.Donald, A. McQuarrie, Quantum Chemistry, University Science Books,1983 (first Indian edition, Viva books, 2003).Thomas Engel, Quantum Chemistry & Spectro scopy, PearsonEducation, 2006.J.P. Lowe, Quantum Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Academic Press Inc., 1993.Horia Metiu, Physical Chemistry – Quantum Mechanics , Taylor &Francis, 2006.A.K. Chandra, Introduction to Quantum Chemistry , 4th Edition, TataMcGraw-Hill, 1994.L. Pauling and E.B. Wilson, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics ,McGraw-Hill, 1935 (A good source book for many derivations).R.L. Flurry, Jr., Quantum Chemistry, Prentice Hall, 1983.R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, 3rd Edition, New Age Interna tional,2006.M.S. Pathania, Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy (Problems &Solutions), Vishal Publications, 1984.C.N. Datta, Lectures on Chemical Bonding and Quantum Chemistry ,Prism Books Pvt. Ltd., 1998.Jack Simons, An Introduction to Theoretical Che mistry, CambridgeUniversity Press, 2003.8

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY CSS SYSTEM – SEMESTER ICH1CO2 – INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – I - 4 CREDIT (72 h)UNIT I : (9 h). Acid base theories – strength of acids and bases, Factorsgoverning acid strength , solvent leveling, effect of hard and soft acidsand bases, super acids, chemistry of non aqueous solvents – liquid NH 3,SO2, H2SO4 and HF. Heterogeneous acid -base reactions – surfaceacidity, Solid and molten acids in industrial processes.UNIT II (9 h). Electron deficient compounds – synthesis, reactions, structureand bonding. Boron hydrides, styx numbers, Boron cluster compounds,Wade's rule, Hydroborate anions, Organoboranes and hydroboration,Polyhedral anions, Carboranes, Metalloboranes, Borazine s and Borides.UNIT III (9 h). Phosphorus-nitrogen compounds; Phosphazene, cyclo- andlinear phosphazenes. Phosphorus -sulphur compounds ; Sulphurnitrogen ring and chain compounds – synthesis, structure, bonding anduses. Silicones – Synthesis, structure and applications. Carbides andsilicides. Silicates and alumino silicates – framework of silicates,structure and application,UNIT IV (9 h). Standard reduction potentials and their diagrammaticrepresentations Ellingham diagram. Latimer and Frost diagram .Pourbaux diagrams. Metallic corrosion and passivity, Isopoly andheteropoly anions of early transition metals.UNIT V (9 h). Errors and treatment of analytical data, limitations ofanalytical methods, accuracy and precision, classification andminimization of errors, significant figures, standard deviation,statistical treatment of data, students tests, confidence limit, Q test,Method of least squares.UNITVI (9 h). Theory Indicators, Acid -base, redox, absorption,complexometric and luminescent indica tors, Titrations in non -aqueoussolvents, Complex formation titrations, Principles of gravimetricanalysis, Formation and properties of precipitates, Co -precipitation,Precipitation from homogeneous solution, Washing of the precipitate,ignition of the pre cipitate, Fractional precipitation, Organicprecipitants.UNIT VII (9 h). Introduction to co-ordination Chemistry – Stereochemistry ofcoordination compounds. Formation constants, factors influencingstability, methods of determination of stability consta nts, stabilizationof unusual oxidation states. Chelate -macrocyclic and template effects,ambidentate and macrocyclic ligands. Valence bond theory and itslimitations.UNIT VIII (9 h). The crystal field and ligand field theories, orbital splittingin octahedral, tetrahedral and square planar fields. Factors affectingcrystal field splitting, spectrochemical and nephelauxetic series, Racahparameters, Jahn-Teller effect, MO theory – composition of ligand9

group orbitals. MO diagram of complexes with and wi thout pi-bonding.The f-orbitals and f-block D.F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H. Langford, Inorganic Chemistry,ELBS, 1990.J.E. Huheey, e.A. Keiter and R.L. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry,Principles, Structure and Reactivity , Pearson Education, 1990.F.A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry , 5thEdition, John Wiley and Sons, 1988.B. Douglous, D.H. McDanials and J.J. Alexander, Concepts and Modelsin Inorganic Chemistry , Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1965.L.V. Azaroff, Introduction to Solids , McGraw Hill, NY, 1960.G.H. Jeffery, J. Bassett, J. Mendham and R.C. Denny, Vogel's Text bookof Quantitative Chemicals Analysis , 5th Edition, ELBS, 1989.Skoog, West and Holler, Fundamentals of Analytical Chenustry, 8thEdition, Thomson and Brooks, 2004.C.E. Houecroft, Cluster molecules of p-block elements. Oxford ScientificPublications, 1994.D. Sutton, Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes , McGrawHill, 1968.J.C. Blair, Jr. (Ed.), The Chemistry of Coordination Compounds ,Reinhold Pub. Cor., 1960.L.F. Lindoy, The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligands and Complexes ,Cambridge University Press, 1989.J.D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, Oxford UniversityPress, 2008.Wahid U Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in InorganicChemistry, S. Chand and Company Reprint 2009.10

UNIVERSITY OF CALICUTM.Sc. CHEMISTRY(CSS PATTERN) – SEMESTER ICH1CO3 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – I (4 Credits) (72 h)UNIT I : (9 h). Delocalized chemical bonding, Electron Delocalization,Resonance and Aromaticity: Qualitative application of Huckel MOtheory and perturbation theory to systems containing delocalizedelectrons. Delocalized electrons and Resonance, Resonance hybrid an dresonance energy. Criteria for Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity, MOdescription of Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity. Homoaromaticity,Mobius twist and Aromaticity. Aromaticity of Annuelens andheteroannulenes, Fullerines, and fused ring systems. Stability ofbenzylic cations and radicals. Effect of delocalized electrons on pKa.Hydrogen bonding: Inter- and intramlecular hydrogen bonding. Rangeof the energy of hydrogen bonding. Effect of hydrogen bond onconformation, physical and chemical properties of o rganic compounds,vilatility, acidity, basicity and stability of hydrates of carbonylcompounds. Stabilization of hydrates of glyoxal and chloral, andninhydrin. High acid strength of maleic acid compared to fumaric acid.UNIT II : (9 h). Basic concepts in the study of organic reaction mechanisms:Application of Experimental criteria to mechanistic studies,Thermodynamic and kinetic data, Curtius -Hammet principles, Kineticversus thermodynamic control. Acidity constant, Hammet acidityfunction. Reactive intermediates and their characterizatin. Isotopeeffect (labeling experiments), Stereochemical correlations.Neighbouring group participation, participation of carboxylate ion,halogen, hydroxyl group, acetoxy group, phenyl group and pi -bond.Structure and reactivity, Transition state theory, Potential energy vsReaction co-ordinate curve, Substituent effects (inductive, mesomeric,inductomeric, electomeric and field effects) on reactivity. Qualitativestudy of substitution effects in SN1 -SN2 reactions. Semiquantitativestudy of substituent effects on the acidity of carboxylic acids.Quantitative correlation of substituent effects on reactivity. Linear freeenergy relationships. Hammet and Taft equation for polar effects andTaft's steric, substituent constant for steric effect.References: (Unit I and II)1.2.3.4.J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry , 4th Edition, John Wiley andSons, 1992.T.H. Lowry and K.S. Richardson, Mechanism and Theory in OrganicChemistry, Harper Collins, 1987.F.A. Carey and R.J. Su ndberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry (Parts A &B), 3rd Edition, Plenum Press, 1990.R.A.Y. Jones, Physical and Mechanistic Organic Chemistry , CambridgeUniversity Press, 1979.11

UNIT III : Isomerism -I (9 h): Concept of Chirality, Recognition of symmetryelements and chiral structures, Conditions for optical activity, Opticalpurity, Specific rotation and its variation in sign and magnitude underdifferent conditions, Relative and absolute configurations, Fisherprojection formula, Sequence rule – R and S notations in cyclic andacyclic compounds.Optical isomerism of compounds containing one or more asymmetriccarbon atoms, Enantiotopic, Homotopic, Diastereotopic hydrogen atoms,Prochiral centre.Optical isomerism in Biphenyls, Allenes and Nitrogen and Sul phurcompounds, Co

The Principals of affiliated Colleges offering MSc programme in Chemistry . CH3PO4 Inorganic Practicals II 4 CH3PO5 Organic Practicals II 4 CH3PO6 Physical Practicals II 4 . Quantum Chemistry, University Science Books, 1983 (f irst Indian edition, Viva books, 2003). 7. Tho

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