Glencoe Middle School Science
Glencoe ScienceCreditsThe photo of the CBL 2, graphing calculator, and pH probe on the front cover and at the top of the first page of eachstudent lab appears courtesy of Texas Instruments, Inc. Each Probeware Activity was reviewed by Richard Sorensen ofVernier Software & Technology.The terms CBL 2, TI-GRAPH LINK, TI Connect and TI InterActive! are either registered trademarks of, trademarks of,or copyrighted by Texas Instruments, Inc. Vernier LabPro is a registered trademark of Graphical Analysis and EasyDatacopyrighted by Vernier Software & Technology. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Windowsis a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.Copyright by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to reproduce the materialcontained herein on the condition that such materials be reproduced only for classroom use; be provided to students,teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with the Glencoe Middle School Scienceprogram. Any other reproduction, for sale or other use, is expressly prohibited.Send all inquiries to:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus, OH 43240ISBN-13: 978-0-07-875487-6ISBN-10: 0-07-875487-9Printed in the United States of America.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 071 11 10 09 08 07 06
Table of ContentsTo the Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vGetting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viLaboratory Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiSafety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiStudent Laboratory and Safety Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiStudent Science Laboratory Safety Contract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xivSI Reference Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvLABORATORY ACTIVITIESChapter 1Mapping Earth’s Surface1 Determining Latitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Charting the Ocean Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Chapter 2Earth’s Structure1 Concretions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92 Identifying Metamorphic Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Chapter 3Thermal Energy and Heat1 Observing Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132 Venus—The Greenhouse Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Chapter 4Plate TectonicsCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.1 Index Fossils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212 How do continental plates move? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Chapter 5Plate Boundaries and California1 Paleogeographic Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292 Earth’s Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Chapter 6Earthquakes1 Using the Modified Mercalli Scale to Locate an Epicenter . . . .392 Earthquakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45Chapter 7Volcanoes1 Volcanic Eruptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .492 Volcanic Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53Chapter 8Weathering and Erosion1 Mass Movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .552 Modeling a Glacier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57Chapter 9Earth’s Atmosphere1 Air Volume and Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .592 Temperature of the Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61Chapter 10Oceans1 How do the oceans affect climate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .632 Photosynthesis and Sunlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67iii
Chapter 11Weather and Climate1 Effect of Temperature on Cloud Formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .712 Carbon Dioxide and Earth’s Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75Chapter 12Ecological Roles1 Changes in Predator and Prey Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .792 Exploring Life in Pond Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83Chapter 13Energy and Matter in Ecosystems1 Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .872 Human Impact on the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91Chapter 14Resources1 Efficiency of Fossil Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .952 Using Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99INQUIRY ACTIVITIESLab 1Lab 2Lab 3Lab 4Lab 5Lab 6Lab 7Lemon Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105Tornado in a Bottle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107Making Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109The Effects of Acid Precipitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111The Greenhouse Effect on Venus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113A Trip Around the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115A Survey of Your Own Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117Lab 1Lab 2Lab 3Lab 4Lab 5Where is the money? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121A Salty Situation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125What happened to the Wild Stream? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129Rena’s Folly? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133Fact or Fraud? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137PROBEWARE ACTIVITIESLab 1Lab 2Lab 3Lab 4Lab 5ivGetting Started with Probeware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142Biodiversity and Ecosystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151The Effect of Acid Rain on Limestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155Measuring Earthquakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159Predicting the Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163Thermal Conductivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.FORENSICS ACTIVITIES
Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.To the StudentGlencoe’s 4-in-1 Lab Manual provides you with four separate sections of labs.While each section is unique, all the lab activities in this manual require youractive participation. You will test hypotheses, collect and apply data, and discover new information. You will use many different skills to make connectionsbetween the lab activities and what you already know.The Laboratory Activities will help you focus your efforts on gatheringinformation, obtaining data from the environment, and making observations.You will also work on organizing your data so conclusions can be drawn in away that is easily repeated by other scientists.The Inquiry Activities will help you understand that no science works alone.A scientist cannot explain how a plant makes food just by knowing the parts ofthe leaf. Someone needs to know how the chemicals in the leaf work. Knowledge of Earth science, life science, and physical science is needed for a fullexplanation of how the leaf makes food. Today, teams of scientists solve problems. Each scientist uses his or her knowledge of Earth science, life science, orphysical science to find solutions to problems in areas such as the environmentor health.The Forensics Activities provide in-depth investigations that deal with DNA,collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting evidence found at a crime oraccident scene. You will use your knowledge of scientific inquiry and yourproblem-solving skills as you learn about forensics procedures. You will thenapply these procedures to real-world scenarios.The Probeware Activities are designed to help you study science usingprobeware technology. A probeware lab is different from other labs because ituses a probe or sensor to collect data, a data collection unit to interpret andstore the data, and a graphing calculator or computer to analyze the data. Thesecomponents are connected with a software program called DataMate thatmakes them work together in an easy-to-use, handheld system. These labs aredesigned specifically for the TI-73 or TI-83 Plus graphing calculators and aCBL 2 (produced by Texas Instruments, Inc.) or LabPro (produced byVernier Software & Technology) data collection unit.v
Getting StartedScience is the body of information including all the hypotheses andexperiments that tell us about our environment. All people involved inscientific work use similar methods for gaining information. One important scientific skill is the ability to obtain data directly from the environment. Observations must be based on what occurs in the environment.Equally important is the ability to organize these data into a form fromwhich valid conclusions can be drawn. These conclusions must be suchthat other scientists can achieve the same results in the laboratory.To make the most of your laboratory experience, you need to continually work to increase your laboratory skills. These skills include the abilityto recognize and use equipment properly and to measure and use SI unitsaccurately. Safety must also be an ongoing concern. To help you getstarted in discovering many fascinating things about the world around you,the next few pages provide you with the following:a visual overview of basic laboratory equipment for you to labela reference sheet of safety symbolsa list of your safety responsibilities in the laboratorya safety contracta reference sheet of SI unitsEach lab activity in this manual includes the following sections: an investigation title and introductory section providing informationabout the problem under study a strategy section identifying the objective(s) of the activity a list of needed materials safety concerns identified with safety icons and cautionstatements a set of step-by-step procedures a section to help you record your data and observations a section to help you analyze your data and record yourconclusions a closing strategy check so that you can review your achievementof the objectives of the activityviCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
NameDateClassLaboratory EquipmentFigure 11.2.3.4.5.6.8.7.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.9.Figure 21.2.3.4.5.6.7.vii
NameDateClassLaboratory Equipment (continued)Figure 4Figure 31.2.1.2.3.4.6.Figure 56.7.5.8.9.3.2.1.viii4.10.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.5.
NameDateClassLaboratory Equipment (continued)Figure 61.2.3.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.4.5.6.7.8.ix
NameDateClassLaboratory Equipment (continued)Figure 0.10.21.11.22.xCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.15.18.
NameDateClassLaboratory Equipment (continued)Figure ht Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, 9.19.10.xi
DateSAFETY SYMBOLSEXAMPLESPRECAUTIONREMEDYSpecial disposal proce- certain chemicals,dures need to be folliving organismslowed.Do not dispose ofthese materials in thesink or trash can.Dispose of wastes asdirected by yourteacher.Organisms or otherbiological materialsthat might be harmfulto humansbacteria, fungi, blood,unpreserved tissues,plant materialsAvoid skin contact withthese materials. Wearmask or gloves.Notify your teacher ifyou suspect contactwith material. Washhands thoroughly.EXTREMETEMPERATUREObjects that can burnskin by being too coldor too hotboiling liquids, hotplates, dry ice, liquidnitrogenUse proper protectionwhen handling.Go to your teacher forfirst aid.SHARPOBJECTUse of tools or glassware that can easilypuncture or slice skinrazor blades, pins,scalpels, pointed tools,dissecting probes, broken glassPractice commonsense behavior andfollow guidelines foruse of the tool.Go to your teacher forfirst aid.Possible danger to respiratory tract fromfumesammonia, acetone,nail polish remover,heated sulfur, mothballsMake sure there isgood ventilation. Neversmell fumes directly.Wear a mask.Leave foul area andnotify your teacherimmediately.Possible danger fromelectrical shock orburnimproper grounding,liquid spills, shortcircuits, exposed wiresDouble-check setupwith teacher. Checkcondition of wires andapparatus.Do not attempt to fixelectrical problems.Notify your teacherimmediately.Substances that canirritate the skin ormucous membranes ofthe respiratory tractpollen, moth balls,steel wool, fiberglass,potassium permanganateWear dust mask andgloves. Practice extracare when handlingthese materials.Go to your teacher forfirst aid.Chemicals can reactbleaches such aswith and destroy tissue hydrogen peroxide;and other materialsacids such as sulfuricacid, hydrochloric acid;bases such as ammonia, sodium hydroxideWear goggles, gloves,and an apron.Immediately flush theaffected area withwater and notify yourteacher.Substance may be poisonous if touched,inhaled, or swallowed.mercury, many metalcompounds, iodine,poinsettia plant partsFollow your teacher’sinstructions.Always wash handsthoroughly after use.Go to your teacher forfirst aid.Flammable chemicalsmay be ignited byopen flame, spark, orexposed heat.alcohol, kerosene,potassium permanganateAvoid open flames andheat when usingflammable chemicals.Notify your teacherimmediately. Use firesafety equipment ifapplicable.Open flame in use,may cause fire.hair, clothing, paper,synthetic materialsTie back hair and looseclothing. Followteacher’s instruction onlighting and extinguishing flames.Notify your teacherimmediately. Use firesafety equipment ANTCHEMICALTOXICFLAMMABLEOPEN FLAMEEye SafetyProper eye protectionshould be worn at alltimes by anyone performing or observingscience activities.xiiHAZARDClassClothingProtectionThis symbol appearswhen substancescould stain or burnclothing.Animal SafetyThis symbol appearswhen safety of animals and studentsmust be ensured.HandwashingAfter the lab, washhands with soap andwater before removinggoggles.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Name
NameDateClassStudent Laboratory and Safety GuidelinesRegarding Emergencies Inform the teacher immediately of any mishap—fire, injury, glassware breakage, chemicalspills, etc. Follow your teacher’s instructions and your school’s procedures in dealing with emergencies.Regarding Your Person Do NOT wear clothing that is loose enough to catch on anything, and avoid sandals oropen-toed shoes. Wear protective safety gloves, goggles, and aprons as instructed. Always wear safety goggles (not glasses) when using hazardous chemicals. Wear goggles throughout the entire activity, cleanup, and handwashing. Keep your hands away from your face while working in the laboratory. Remove synthetic fingernails before working in the lab (these are highly flammable). Do NOT use hair spray, mousse, or other flammable hair products just before or during laboratory work where an open flame is used (they can ignite easily). Tie back long hair and loose clothing to keep them away from flames and equipment. Remove loose jewelry—chains or bracelets—while doing lab work. NEVER eat or drink while in the lab or store food in lab equipment or the lab refrigerator. Do NOT inhale vapors or taste, touch, or smell any chemical or substance unless instructed todo so by your teacher.Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Regarding Your Work Read all instructions before you begin a laboratory or field activity. Ask questions if you do notunderstand any part of the activity. Work ONLY on activities assigned by your teacher. Do NOT substitute other chemicals/substances for those listed in your activity. Do NOT begin any activity until directed to do so by your teacher. Do NOT handle any equipment without specific permission. Remain in your own work area unless given permission by your teacher to leave it. Do NOT point heated containers—test tubes, flasks, etc.—at yourself or anyone else. Do NOT take any materials or chemicals out of the classroom. Stay out of storage areas unless you are instructed to be there and are supervised by your teacher. NEVER work alone in the laboratory. When using dissection equipment, always cut away from yourself and others. Cut downward,never stabbing at the object. Handle living organisms or preserved specimens only when authorized by your teacher. Always wear heavy gloves when handling animals. If you are bitten or stung, notify yourteacher immediately.Regarding Cleanup Keep work and lab areas clean, limiting the amount of easily ignitable materials.Turn off all burners and other equipment before leaving the lab.Carefully dispose of waste materials as instructed by your teacher.Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water after each activity.xiii
NameDateClassStudent Science Laboratory Safety ContractI agree to: Act responsibly at all times in the laboratory. Follow all instructions given, orally or in writing, by my teacher. Perform only those activities assigned and approved by my teacher. Protect my eyes, face, hands, and body by wearing proper clothing and using protectiveequipment provided by my school. Carry out good housekeeping practices as instructed by my teacher. Know the location of safety and first-aid equipment in the laboratory. Notify my teacher immediately of an emergency. NEVER work alone in the laboratory. NEVER eat or drink in the laboratory unless instructed to do so by my teacher. Handle living organisms or preserved specimens only when authorized by my teacher, andthen, with respect. NEVER enter or work in a supply area unless instructed to do so and supervised by ------------------------------------------[Return this portion to your teacher.]I, , [print name] have read each of the statements inthe Student Science Laboratory Safety Contract and understand these safety rules. I agree to abide bythe safety regulations and any additional written or verbal instructions provided by the school districtor my teacher. I further agree to follow all other written and verbal instructions given in class.Student SignatureDateI acknowledge that my child/ward has signed this contract in good faith.Parent/Guardian SignatureDatexivCopyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.[This portion of the contract is to be kept by the student.]
SI Reference SheetThe International System of Units (SI) is accepted as the standard for measurement throughoutmost of the world. Sometimes quantities are measured using different SI units. In order to use themtogether in an equation, you must convert all of the quantities into the same unit. To convert, youmultiply by a conversion f
edge of Earth science, life science, and physical science is needed for a full explanation of how the leaf makes food. Today, teams of scientists solve prob-lems. Each scientist uses his or her knowledge of Earth science, life science, or physical science to find solution
Inspire Physical Science 26 Inspire Physical Science with Earth 28 Glencoe High School Science Serie 30 Glencoe Biology 32 Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change 33 Glencoe Physics: Principles & Problems 34 Glencoe Earth Science: Geology, the Environment, and the Universe 35 Glencoe Physical Science 36 Glencoe Physica
Welcome to Reviewing Chemistry This workbook is designed to strengthen your knowledge of the NSCS (National Science Content Standards) and provide additional chapter content review of your Glencoe textbook, Chemistry: Matter and Change. For each chapter in the Glencoe textbook, Chemistry: Matter and Change, two pagesFile Size: 751KBPage Count: 56Explore furtherDownload Free Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change - drevquuosites.google.comChemistry Matter and Change - Glencoe - Chapter 7 .quizlet.comChemistry: Matter and Change - Chemistry Textbook .www.brightstorm.comRecommended to you based on what's popular Feedback
fresh garden produce, honey, jams, pickles and an assort-ment of other homemade goods. The market is located on 11th Street in downtown Glencoe across from the Glen-coe City Center. Glencoe seniors to meet The Glencoe Senior Citizens group will meet Thurs-day, Oct. 10, at 12:30 p.m., at the senior room in the Glencoe City Center.
A GLENCOE PROGRAM BIOLOGY: THE DYNAMICS OF LIFE Glencoe Online SCIENCE Visit the Glencoe Science Web site . 7. _ is another word for “living thing. ” 8. . The basic unit is the ce
Glencoe health student activity workbook answer key chapter 7 1 Glencoe Health Student Activity Workbook Teacher Annotated Edition Permission is granted to reproduce the material contained herein on the condition that such materials be reproduced only for classroom use; be provided to students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with the Glencoe Health .
The following workshop participants contributed to the creation of the 2018-2019 Middle School Athletics Handbook: Mr. Ryan Bingaman, Silver Creek Middle School Mr. Jeffrey Brink, Julius West Middle School Ms. Melanie Brouillard, Rocky Hill Middle School Mr. Michael Endler, Sligo Middle School Mr. Alex Evangelista, Briggs Chaney Middle School
Central Valley Middle School Beaver County 527 45.15 11.67:1 Cambria Heights Middle School Cambria County 348 25.59 13.60:1 Titusville Middle School Crawford County 472 34.55 13.66:1 Wilson West Middle School Berks County 720 51.00 14.12:1 Pleasant Hills Middle School Allegheny County 668 45.90 14.55:1
Grade/Course Textbook Online Codes 9th Biology Honors, Prentice-Hall (2009) N/A 10th Chemistry, Glencoe (2008) N/A 10th Chemistry Honors, Prentice-Hall (2008) N/A 10th Environmental Science, Holt (2008) N/A 11th Physical Science, Glencoe (2008) N/A 11th Physics, Glencoe (2009) N/A Fourth Year Option Human Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice-Hall (2006) N/A Fourth Year Option Forensics, Cengage .
