Illustrations: S.K. & Free Internet Sources CHALLENGES AND .

CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES INNEAR FUTURE FOR FINNISHHORTICULTUREIllustrations: S.K. &free Internet sourcesSaila KarhuNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)HorticultureVISION CONFERENCE OF ESTONIAN HORTICULTURAL ASSOCIATION –VOL 4ESTONIA AS A TOP-PLAYER IN EU HORTICULTURE – HOW TO ACHIEVETHIS TARGET?FINNISH EXPERIENCE2.11.2017, TALLINN, ESTONIA106.11.17 NaturalNatural ResourcesResources InstituteInstitute FinlandFinland

Development and state of Finnish horticulture 2Enterprices have changed:decrease in number, increasein sizeLevel of total production unchangedArtificial lighting: year-roundproductionIncrease in greenhouseproduction of lettuce andherbs 06.11.17Share of domestic productshigh in several categories(berries, vegetables, seasonalbulb and bedding flowers)Increased demand ofvegetables, fruit and berriesFruit and berry seasonelongated Natural Resources Institute Finland

Development and state in Finnish horticulture High value of landscapingbusinessSale of gardening materialstill increasing 306.11.17High import of fruitNursery plant productiondecreasedCut and pot flower productionalmost ceasedMarket disturbances(greenhouse vegetables,berries)Storage loss (vegetables) Natural Resources Institute Finland

Challenges in Finnish Horticulture 4Low competitivenessü climateü labour costsü small market areaü low population densityü transportation costsTradition of low investmentsin horticulture, due to smallfarm size, low profitability 06.11.17Marketingü strong food trade chainsü undeveloped marketingchains and cold chainsü knowledgeUndeveloped networking,cooperation, sharingAttitude towards horticulturalproducts: readiness-to-pay Natural Resources Institute Finland

Challenges in developing Finnish Horticulture 5Partly traditional, noninnovative cultureConsulting services decreasedResearch resources decreasedStructure of subsidiesHard physical workLow profitabilityTransfer to the next generationuncertain06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Do we need a change?606.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

NewtechnologiesDrivers to tingchannelsGenetictooolsNew velopment7Profit06.11.17Regulations Natural Resources Institute Finland

EcosystemservicesDrivers to Global tprintImmigration06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Several clearly positive drivers to change 9Thinking GreenGreen EnvironmentSustainable way of living anddoing thingsEnvironmental effects ofproductionHealth-food trendsHome gardening06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Food recommendations are based on horticultural products1006.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Several clearly positive drivers to changeTaking benefit of Food trends! Vegetarian Local (regional, smallproducer, short marketchain?) Organic Easy and fast to buy &prepare Product and variety diversity Quality: food safe, freshness,taste11Ornamental demand Quality Climatic adaptation Pest/disease-free True-to-typeTo take advantage of thesedrivers in production plans andmarketing06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Societal development affecting Finnish Horticulture 12Demography; aging ofpopulationsTrends, fashionsDevelopment of recyclingsolutions: fertilizers, growingsubstrates, waterCrowd-financing06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Societal development affecting horticulture: Urbanization 13Landscaping: cities, roads, waste areasGreen walls, roofs (building technology)Rain (storm) water controlUrban societal horticultureWelfareGreen careGardening productsTheme parks (therapy, adventures,relaxing, dating )Urban planning06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Technical development to boost horticulture Production efficiency (costlevel)Labour availability, costEnergy efficiency ingreenhouse production(warming, cooling, lighting )14 06.11.17Automation, roboticsOnline data and businessmanagementPackage and storagesolutions Natural Resources Institute Finland

Technical development to boost horticulture 15Sensors, remote controlconnected to automatizationFrom wastes to recycling andby-productsIrrigation 06.11.17Soil quality (chemical,physical, biological) issuesKnowledge of Soil fertility,Plant nutrient demand andsupply (climate) Natural Resources Institute Finland

From open air to protectedcultivation 16Plastic tunnel, rain shelters,greenhousesCloser to year-roundproductionQuality improvementRisk management06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Greenhouses and Plant factories, vertical farming 17LED light developmentSolar panels, other energysolutionsRoboticsMulti-layer farming Small unitsü Homesü Restaurantsü Food storesü Communities Large production units ”Clean food” ”IT-garden engineers”06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

New tools to improve horticultural production 18Biological and mechanicalplant protectionü Consumer attitudeü Resistance to chemicalcontrol 06.11.17New cultivarsü Variety testingü Classical breedingü Gene editing technology Natural Resources Institute Finland

Making business, marketing 19Diverse consumers,immigrantsDiverse packages (size,quality, self life )Diverse productsPotential buyers, marketsurvey?Advertising (Internet tools,social media)”Stories behind products”,brands 06.11.17Up-grade productsCooperators, networksTourism in farm (farmanimals, play grounds,evening & weekend events,safety issues ) Natural Resources Institute Finland

Making business, marketingFrom pick-your-own andfarmers’ markets to new directmarketing channels(73% berry growers, 41%vegetable growers have directmarketing) Online selling Vegetable and fruit boxdelivery service Food circles20 06.11.17Community supportedproduction: consumers asshare/risk holders: ”Rent anapple tree!”Customer contacts,participatoryTime for delivery, contactsFeedback, loyalitySense of community Natural Resources Institute Finland

Making business, marketingMarketing in food chains Negotiation power againststrong shop chains Farmers associations,cooperative units Quality issues Export possibilities (quality,quantity, productionassurance)2106.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Key components to become a top-playerHuman resources Enterpreneurship of farmer,company-style attitude(enthusiastic, ready tochange, risky investments) Intellectual resources:ü Educationü Researchü Consultation service22Other resources Technological solutions Marketing, customerorientation, logistics, subsidysystem Networks, partnerships06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

The project VOIMAKAS “Vitality to the reform andgrowth of the horticultural sector!”Natural Resources Institute Finland - Luke Kari Jokinen, project leader Tiina Mattila Terhi Suojala-Ahlfors Liisa Särkkä Vilja Varho23University of Turku Katja Borgelin Taina Eriksson Hilkka Halla Helka Kalliomäki Riikka Saarimaa06.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

Thank You!2406.11.17 Natural Resources Institute Finland

challenges and perspectives in near future for finnish horticulture 1 06.11.17 vision conference of estonian horticultural association – vol 4 estonia as a top-player in eu horticulture – how to achieve this target? finnish experience 2.11.2017, tallinn, estonia illustr