COMPARISON OF KETOGENIC AND VEGETARIAN DIET
COMPARISON OF KETOGENIC ANDVEGETARIAN DIET FOR WEIGHT LOSS: ASYSTEMATIC REVIEWMinan IbrahimZahraa KamonaZainab KamonaCirsten Roberson
Research Question:How efficient is weight loss by means of a ketogenic dietin conjunction with side effects compared to a vegetariandiet?
Objective:Analyze the data researched and come to a conclusivedecision of which diet (ketogenic or vegetarian) ispredominantly more beneficial.
What is a Ketogenic Diet? High Fat, moderate protein, low carbohydrate dietNutritional IntakeKetogenic DietNormal Healthy Balanced Diet75-80% of total calories from Fat20-35% of total calories from Fat15-20% of total calories from Protein10-35% of total calories from Protein5% of total calories fromCarbohydrates45-65% of total calories fromCarbohydratesFoley, C. (2018, August 03). Keto Diet: The Fat-Burning Health Benefits of Ketogenic Diet Foods. University Health News. Retrieved from eto-diet-health-benefits-of-ketogenicdiet/
In a ketogenic diet, you shrink the body’s supply ofvitamins and minerals, so it is important that you areeating.Yuasa, M., Matsui, T., Ando, S., Ishii, Y., Sawamura, H., Ebara, S., & Watanabe, T. (2013, October). Consumption of a low-carbohydrate andhigh-fat diet (the ketogenic diet) exaggerates biotin deficiency in mice. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24012088
Recommended Food Intake: Meats (chicken, fish, beef, and lamb) Above-ground vegetables (broccoli,cauliflower) Leafy greens (Kale and spinach) High-fat dairy (cheese, cream, andbutter) Nuts and seeds Avocado Berries Healthy fat and oils (olive oil, coconutoil, fish oil) To prevent dehydration, drink 3L ofwater per day (minimum)Center For Nutritional studies. (2018). Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Guide. Retrieved based-diet-guide/Foley, C. (2018, August 03). Keto Diet: The Fat-Burning Health Benefits of Ketogenic DietFoods. University Health News. Retrieved on/keto-diet-health-benefits-of-ketogenic-diet/
AVOIDFoley, C. (2018, August 03). Keto Diet: The Fat-Burning Health Benefits of Ketogenic Diet Foods. University Health News. Retrieved from eto-diet-health-benefits-of-ketogenic-diet/
What is a Ketogenic Diet? In 1920 it became an effective treatment for epilepsyin children. Potentially helpful for: Weight-loss Appetite suppression, Blood sugar control to help improve lipid profile andhypertensionHarvard (2018, May 07). Diet Review: Ketogenic Diet for Weight Loss. Retrieved November 6, 2018, from hy-weight/diet-reviews/ketogenic-diet/
A Ketogenic Diet Potentially TherapeuticFor: Cancers/TumorsCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetesEpilepsyObesityNeurological Disorders (Alzheimer’s/Parkinson’s)
Disadvantages of Ketogenic Diet: Requires an adaption processIncrease risk of nutritional deficienciesLimited sugars and carbsHigh cholesterol (excessive meat intake)KetoacidosisHarvard (2018, May 07). Diet Review: Ketogenic Diet for Weight Loss. Retrieved November 6, 2018, from hy-weight/diet-reviews/ketogenic-diet/
What is a Vegetarian Diet? A diet which excludes meat, chicken and fishTypes of Vegetarian Diet: Lacto-Ovo VegetarianLacto VegetarianOvo VegetarianVegan
In a vegetarian diet, you shrink the body’ssupply of: IronCalciumZincVitamin B12Vitamin DSo it is important that you are eating.
Recommended Food Intake:Non-Starchy Vegetables Leafy greens Broccoli Zucchini Eggplant TomatoesStarchy Vegetables Potatoes Legumes Beans Lentils cornFruits All whole fruits ( avoid: dried or juiced)Whole Grains 100 % whole wheat Oats Brown riceBeverages Water Unsweetened plant “ milks” Decaffeinated coffee and teaOmega 3 fatty acids Chia seeds Ground flaxseedSpices All spicesCenter For Nutritional Studies. (2018). Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Guide. Retrievedfrom: d-diet-guide/
AVOID Animal productsEggsMeatDairyFish Processed artificial foods Sugar, sodium, Trans fats and preservativesCenter For Nutritional Studies. (2018). Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Guide. Retrieved from: d-diet-guide/
A Vegetarian Diet Potentially TherapeuticFor: Cardiovascular r intake of saturated fats (decreases heartproblems/type 2 diabetes)Mayo Clinic: Nutrition and Healthy Eating. (2018). rt-20046446
Disadvantages of Vegetarian Diet: Too much fiber can lead to poor absorption ofCalcium, Zinc, Iron Protein deficiency Consuming less caloriesAmerican Heart Association. (2014, March 27). Vegetarian, Vegan Diet Benefits & Risks -- Go Red For Women. Retrieved from /vegetarian-vegan-diet-benefits-risksDepartment of Health & Human Services. (2012, February 28). Vegetarian diets and children. Retrieved from Living/vegetarian-diets-and-children
Literature SearchStrategyKeywords:weight loss, sideeffects, benefits,ketogenic diet,vegetarian dietPRISMA FlowChart
Inclusion Criteria: Must be a scholarly or peer-reviewed source A relevant article within the last 20 years The articles published in English language only Will be a randomized control trial and cohort studycomparing ketogenic diet and vegetarian diet
Ketogenic Diet: Weight Loss
Ketogenic Diet: Weight Loss (continued)
Conclusion: It is important for patients to consult with their primary care physicians anddietitians before going on the ketogenic diet or vegetarian diet.In a shorter duration, there is a more significant weight reduction using theketogenic diet vs. vegetarian diet.A ketogenic diet is recommended for patients with obesity, type 2 diabetesand hyperlipidemia.Ketogenic diet decreases appetite.Randomized clinical trials and lower “p” values make the ketogenic dietmore significant.
Recommendations: A singular focus on weight loss for ketogenic diet andvegetarian diet. Raise awareness of the benefits and side effects of ketogenicdiet and vegetarian diet, in order to decrease health risks. More human research, in general. Further studies on children and communities in largerpopulations. More specific, longitudinal cohort studies in diversecommunities. A policy to decrease the costs of healthy foods.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Saint James School of Medicine, St. Vincent and theGrenadines Dr. Minakova, mentor Dr. Zeine, research professor
7.18.McMacken, M., & Shah, S. (2017). A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC, 14(5), 342-354.Vegetarian Diets. (n.d.). Retrieved from Z/Vegetarian-Diets.aspxPawlak, R. (2017, May 01).Vegetarian Diets in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Its Complications. Retrieved from 82Johnstone, A. M., Horgan, G. W., Murison, S. D., Bremner, D. M., &Lobley, G. E. (2008, January). Effects of a high-protein ketogenic diet on hunger, appetite, andweight loss in obese men feeding ad libitum. Retrieved April 07, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18175736Mady, M. A., Kossoff, E. H., McGregor, A. L., Wheless, J. W., Pyzik, P. L., & Freeman, J. M. (2003, June). The ketogenic diet: Adolescents can do it, too. RetrievedApril 07, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12790900Paoli, A., Rubini, A., Volek, J. S., &Grimaldi, K. A. (2013, August). Beyond weight loss: A review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets.Retrieved April 07, 2018, from , R. (2017, May 01). Vegetarian Diets in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes and Its Complications. Retrieved 0/2/82Department of Health & Human Services. (2012, February 28). Vegetarian diets and children. Retrieved lthyLiving/vegetarian-diets-and-childrenDashti, H. M., Mathew, T. C., Hussein, T., Asfar, S. K., Behbahani, A., Khoursheed, M. A., Al-Sayer, H. M., Bo-Abbas, Y. Y., Al-Zaid, N. S. (2004). Long-term effectsof a ketogenic diet in obese patients. Experimental and clinical cardiology, 9(3), 200-5.Joan Sabaté, Michelle Wien; Vegetarian diets and childhood obesity prevention, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 91, Issue 5, 1 May 2010, Pages1525S–1529S, https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.28701FKetalogic: The Ketogenic Diet: Pros and Cons of a Low-Carb/High Fat Way of Eating. (2018). Retrieved from arvard (2018, May 07). Diet Review: Ketogenic Diet for Weight Loss. Retrieved November 6, 2018, from hyweight/diet-reviews/ketogenic-diet/American Heart Association. (2014, March 27). Vegetarian, Vegan Diet Benefits & Risks -- Go Red For Women. Retrieved from vegetarian-vegan-diet-benefits-risks/Center For Nutritional Studies. (2018). Whole Food, Plant-Based Diet Guide. Retrieved from: d-diet-guide/Turner-McGrievy, G., Mandes, T., & Crimarco, A. (2017). A plant-based diet for overweight and obesity prevention and treatment. Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC,14(5), 369-374.Mayo Clinic: Nutrition and Healthy Eating. (2018). rt-20046446Yuasa, M., Matsui, T., Ando, S., Ishii, Y., Sawamura, H., Ebara, S., & Watanabe, T. (2013, October). Consumption of a low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet (the ketogenicdiet) exaggerates biotin deficiency in mice. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24012088Foley, C. (2018, August 03). Keto Diet: The Fat-Burning Health Benefits of Ketogenic Diet Foods. University Health News. Retrieved on/keto-diet-health-benefits-of-ketogenic-diet/
COMPARISON OF KETOGENIC AND VEGETARIAN DIET FOR WEIGHT LOSS: ASYSTEMATIC REVIEWAuthors: Minan Ibrahim, Zahraa Kamona, Zainab Kamona, Cirsten RobersonMentor: Dr. Victoria MinakovaSaint James School of MedicineCane Hall, Saint Vincent & The Grenadines
High Fat, moderate protein, low carbohydrate diet . Nutritional Intake . Ketogenic Diet. . Rubini, A., Volek, J. S., &Grimaldi, K. A. (2013, August). Beyond weight loss: A review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. . May 01). Vegetarian Diets
Ketogenic Diet Ratio Fat Ketogenic Carbohydrate & Protein Anti-Ketogenic Ketogenic diet ratios typically range from 3:1 4:1. Modified Atkins diet is usually a 1:1 ratio and Low Glycemic Index diet (LGIT) is 1:1. Ex: If the patient is on a 3:1 diet 3 grams of fat : ½ gram pro and ½ gram CHO
Most people will tell you a low-carb, high-fat ketogenic diet is a journey in its own right, filled with triumphs and challenges. Climbing the ketogenic diet hierarchy of needs is simple, but not always easy. If you are brand new to the ketogenic diet, you may
2 What are the benefits of a ketogenic diet? The benefits of following a ketogenic diet may include weight loss, an increase in cognitive performance, balanced blood sugar, and improved cardiovascular health.3-8 Mental focus—With a ketogenic diet,
Instead of following the Standard Ketogenic Diet, we propose a different type of Ketogenic Diet called the Daily Cyclical Ketogenic Diet (DCKD). In this diet, you are in ketosis for 20 hours per day and out of ketosis for 4 hours
Paleo diet Ketogenic diet Plant-based (vegetarian/vegan) Evert, et al. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3821-3842. Vegetarian and Vegan Diets. Vegetarian Diets Vegan diet –2% Vegetarian diet –5%. Standards of Medical
foods, such as fatty meats, poultry with the skin and processed meat. A vegetarian diet includes no animal flesh and sometimes no animal products. A lacto-ovo vegetarian chooses to eat dairy and eggs along with plant foods; a lacto-vegetarian eats dairy and no eggs; and a ovo-vegetarian only eats eggs, but no dairy.
2 VEGETARIAN STARTER KIT vegetarian foods Powerful Tools for Health vegetarian menu is a powerful and pleasurable way to achieve good health. The vegetarian eating pattern is based on a wide variety of foods that are satisfying, delicious, and healthful. Vegetarians avoid meat, fish, and poultry. Those who include dairy products and
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