AREMA MRE Volume 2 Print Version V1
151CHAPTER 15STEEL STRUCTURES1FOREWORDPart 1 through Part 4, Part 6, and Part 7 formulate specific and detailed recommendations for the design, fabrication, erection,maintenance, inspection, and rating of steel railway bridges for: Spans up to 400 feet, Standard gage track,1 Normal North American passenger and freight equipment, and Speeds of freight trains up to 80 mph and passenger trains up to 90 mph.The requirements, however, apply to spans of any length, but special provisions for spans longer than 400 feet should be addedby the company as may be required. Part 5, Bearing Design and Construction, formulates specific and detailedrecommendations for the design and construction of bearings for nonmovable railway bridges. Recommendations for thedesign and construction of special bearings for movable railway bridges are included in Part 6, Movable Bridges. Part 8 coversmiscellaneous items. Part 9 is a commentary, including references, for explanation of various articles in the other parts.This chapter is presented as a consensus document by a committee composed of railroad engineers, engineers in privatepractice, engineers involved in research and teaching, and other industry professionals having substantial and broad-basedexperience designing, evaluating, and investigating steel structures used by railroads. The recommendations contained hereinare based upon past successful usage, advances in the state of knowledge, and changes in design and maintenance practices.These recommendations have been developed and are intended for routine use and may not provide sufficient criteria forinfrequently encountered conditions. Therefore, professional judgment must be exercised when applying therecommendations of this chapter as part of an overall solution to any particular issue.In general, this chapter is revised and published anew on an annual basis. The latest published edition of the chapter should beused, regardless of the age of an existing structure. For purposes of determining historical recommendations under which anexisting structure may have been built and maintained, it can prove useful to examine previously published editions of thechapter. However, when historical recommendations differ from the recommendations contained in the latest publishededition of the chapter, the recommendations of the latest published edition of the chapter shall govern.1The material in this and other chapters in the AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering is published as recommended practice to railroads and othersconcerned with the engineering, design and construction of railroad fixed properties (except signals and communications), and allied services and facilities(Reference 18). For the purpose of this Manual, RECOMMENDED PRACTICE is defined as a material, device, design, plan, specification, principle orpractice recommended to the railways for use as required, either exactly as presented or with such modifications as may be necessary or desirable to meetthe needs of individual railways, but in either event, with a view to promoting efficiency and economy in the location, construction, operation ormaintenance of railways. It is not intended to imply that other practices may not be equally acceptable. 2015, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association15-i3
Grateful acknowledgment is hereby made to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials and theAmerican Welding Society for having made available their Bridge Welding Code (AWS D1.5) for use by reference in theserecommended practices. In applying AWS D1.5, the term “allowable stresses” is to be construed as those allowed herein.Certain other modifications and exceptions to the Code are also recommended.Grateful acknowledgement is also made to the Society of Protective Coating (SSPC) for use of their publications by referencein the recommendations cited in Part 8, Section 8.7, regarding the cleaning and painting of existing steel railway bridges.Part 2, Design – High Strength Steels was combined with Part 1, Design in 1993.Part 5, Special Types of Construction was combined with Part 1, Design in 2008.Part 10, Bearing Design, and Part 11, Bearing Construction, were combined into a new Part 5, Bearing Design andConstruction in 2013. 2015, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association15-iiAREMA Manual for Railway Engineering
TABLE OF CONTENTSPart/SectionDescriptionPageSpecial Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-vi1Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1 Proposals and Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.2 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3 Loads, Forces and Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.4 Basic Allowable Stresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.5 General Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.6 Members Stressed Primarily in Axial Tension or Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.7 Members Stressed Primarily in Bending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.8 Floor Members and Floorbeam Hangers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.9 Riveted and Bolted Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.10 Welded Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.11 Bracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.12 Pins and Pin-Connected Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.13 Continuous and Cantilever Steel Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.14 Fracture Critical Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.15 Live Load Moments, Shears and Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7615-1-783Fabrication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.2 Riveted and Bolted Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3 Welded Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.4 Shop Painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.5 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6 Shipment and Pay Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.1 General (1992) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.2 Definitions of Terms (2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.3 Work to be Done (2002) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.4 Drawings or Special Provisions to Govern (1992) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.5 Plant (1992) R(2015). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.6 Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.7 Delivery of Materials (1992) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.8 Handling and Storing Materials (1992) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.9 Establishment of Lines and Elevations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.10 Bearings and Anchorage (2002) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.11 Erection Procedure (1992) R(2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.12 Reinforcement of Members (1992) R(2008). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.13 Falsework (1991) R(2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.14 Allowable Stresses During Erection (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.15 Drift or Traffic Pins (1991) R(2008). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.16 Field Assembly of Members (1991) R(2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.17 Fitting-up of Field Connections (1991) R(2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.18 Riveted Field Connections (1991) R(2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.19 High-Strength Bolted Field Connections (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.20 Field Welding (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.21 Field Connections Using Pins (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.22 Field Inspection (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-615-4-615-4-615-4-715-4-715-4-715-4-74 2015, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way AssociationAREMA Manual for Railway Engineering15-iii134
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)Part/SectionDescription4.23 Misfits (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.24 Field Cleaning and Painting (2002) R(2008). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.25 Deck (1991) R(2015). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.26 Removal of Old Structure and Falsework, and Cleanup (1991) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.27 Interference with Traffic (1983) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.28 Company Equipment (1983) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.29 Work Train Service (1983) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.30 Risk (1983) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.31 Laws and Permits (1983) R(2015). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.32 Patents (1983) R(2015) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-915-4-915-4-105Bearing Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.1 Bearing Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.2 Basic Allowable Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.3 Steel Bearing Component Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.4 Bronze or Copper-Alloy Sliding Expansion Bearing Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.5 PTFE Sliding Bearing Surface Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.6 Elastomeric Bearing Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.7 Multi-Rotational Bearing Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.8 Bearing Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.9 Steel Bearing Component Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.10 Bronze or Copper-Alloy Sliding Expansion Bearing Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.11 PTFE Sliding Bearing Surface Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.12 Elastomeric Bearing Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.13 Multi-Rotational Bearing Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vable Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.1 Proposals and General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.2 General Features of Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.3 Loads, Forces and Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.4 Basic Allowable Stresses and Hydraulic Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.5 General Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.6 Wire Ropes and Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.7 Power Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.8 Workmanship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.9 Erection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6-7215-6-9415-6-997Existing Bridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.2 Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.3 Rating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.4 Repair, Strengthening and Retrofitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.5 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.1 Turntables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.2 Method of Shortening Eyebars to Equalize the Stress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.3 Anchorage of Decks and Rails on Steel Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.4 Unloading Pits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.5 Walkways, Handrails, and Fixed Ladders on Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.6 Guidelines for Evaluating Fire Damaged Steel Railway Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-8-115-8-315-8-1115-8-1515-8-1915-8-2715-8-30 2015, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association15-ivAREMA Manual for Railway Engineering
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)Part/Section8.79DescriptionPageGuide to the Preparation of a Specification for the Cleaning and Coating of Existing Steel Railway Bridges15-8-32Commentary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Part 1 Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Part 3 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Part 5 Bearing Design and
15-ii AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering Grateful acknowledgment is hereby made to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials and the American Welding Society for having made available their Bri
2020 Manual for Railway Engineering (MRE) – Individual/Downloadable Chapters in PDF format. Visit www.arema.org Publication Title Member Price Non-Member Price S & H Fee Schedule Quantity Total Cost 2020 Manual for Railway Engineering (MRE) – Annual Publication released every April Complete Print Set 960 1,470 1
The SENSA MRE DDM MR microwave presence detector provides automatic control of lighting loads with optional manual control. It can be used on incandescent, fluorescent and compact fluorescent lighting and DSI or DALI digital dimming ballasts over 1 or 2 channels. The SENSA MRE DDM MR detects movement using a highly sensitive microwave detector.
Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association (AREMA) Manual for Railway Engineering (MRE) is the current recommended practice used by the great majority of railroads in North America. The Foreword to MRE Chapter 15, “Steel Structures,” limits the application of the chapter to freight
Océ Direct Print Pro User Guide Section 1 - Introduction Océ Direct Print Pro is a print submission solution used to send groups of files as a print job to low and medium volume Océ and Canon supported devices. This manual covers the print client used to submit print jobs to the Océ Direct Print Pro server.
Find the volume of each cone. Round the answer to nearest tenth. ( use 3.14 ) M 10) A conical ask has a diameter of 20 feet and a height of 18 feet. Find the volume of air it can occupy. Volume 1) Volume 2) Volume 3) Volume 4) Volume 5) Volume 6) Volume 7) Volume 8) Volume 9) Volume 44 in 51 in 24 ft 43 ft 40 ft 37 ft 27 .
Print Your Card 13. To print your card, click the Print button. To get a high quality print out, click the Properties button, select the type of paper, and adjust the print quality settings to the highest setting possible. If you have chosen a single-fold card, the program will pause after the first side has printed.File Size: 2MBPage Count: 8Discover on this pageHow to fold greeting cards in half?How to print a card 13?How to print greeting cards in Jasc Paint Shop?
la ejecución de los procedimientos y las políticas pertinentes y el manejo de las comunica-ciones internas y externas de la OMS. Séptimo, el MRE señala los procedimientos de la OMS para la respuesta a las emer-gencias (PRE), en los cuales se especifican las funciones
First aid at work – your questions answered Page 3 of 8 Health and Safety Executive The findings of your first-aid needs assessment (see Q3) will identify whether first-aiders should be trained in FAW, EFAW, or some other appropriate level of training. EFAW training enables a first-aider to give emergency first aid to someone who is injured or becomes ill while at work. FAW training includes .
