Introduction To Antenna And Near-field Simulation In CST .

IEEE Communications Society Portugal ChapterLisbon, IT, 22 March 2010Introduction to antenna and near-fieldsimulation in CST Microwave Studio softwareJJorge RR. CCostatJerzy Guterman 2005, it - instituto de telecomunicações. Todos os direitos reservados.

CST Designg Environment3D EM simulation ofhigh frequencyproblemsSignal and powerintegrity and EMC/EMIanalysis on printedcircuit boardsIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter2Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010Analysis and design of static and lowfrequency EM applicationsSimulation of free movingcharged particles“Circuit tool” which combineresults from other CSTsimulatorsSignal and power integrity andEMC/EMI analysis of cable harnesses

CST MWS Simulation MethodFIT: Finite Integration TechniqueMaxwell Equationsrur uur B uur S E dl S t dSur uur D dS ρ dV VMaxwell Grid Equationsruur uur D r uur S H dl S t J dSur uur B dS 0dbdt% qSdCe VVrur uur B uur E dl S t dS SCalculationDomainGridekelbn e jeiei e j ek el IEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter3% d d jChdtSb 0Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010dbndtCe dbdt ei e dbn ]11 1 1[1442443] e j [{dtkb Cel {e

CST MWS Transient SolverMaterial EquationsrrD εErrB μ Hrr uurJ σE J sd M εeb M μhj M σe jsTransient Solver 1iIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter4ti 1 2 h Δt M μ Ce% i 1 ji 1 ei 1 2 Δt M ε 1 Ch hei 3 2i 1Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010hiei 1 2hi 1ei 3 2

CST MWS User InterfaceProject type selection(environment parameters)Navigation TreeDrawing PlaneVariables ListIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter5Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010Project MessagesWindows

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaInitial Setup¾ SelectS l t new projectj t iin CST MWS¾ Select “Antenna (Mobile Phone)” template¾ Confirm units¾ Confirm environment (air)IEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter6Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaGeometry Drawing¾ DrawDcylinderli d¾ Name: “Arm up”¾ Dimensions (in mm)¾ Material: Perfect ElectricConductor – “PEC”¾ Select object innavigationi ti ttree¾ Object transformIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter7Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaExcitation and Simulation Setup¾ InsertIdiscretediport¾ Setup frequency range¾ Run Transient SolverIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter8Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntenna1D Results¾ InI navigationi ti ttree go tot1D Resultso S11o Smith Charto Port Signalo Energy¾ Can export results intxt file orTOUCHSTONE formatIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter9Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaSetting Monitors¾ Add FiFieldld MMonitorsit((navigationi titree right mouse bottom):o EE-fieldfield @ 22.22 GHzo H-field @ 2.2 GHzo Farfield/RCS @ 2.2 GHzIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter10Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaImproving simulation¾ BoundaryBdCConditionsditi- Symmetry Planeso YZ plane: magnetic (Ht(Ht 0)0)o XZ plane: magnetic (Ht 0)o XY plane: electric (Et 0)¾ Transient Solvero Adaptive mesh refinementIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter11Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaAdaptive mesh results¾ InI navigationi ti ttree go tot 1DResults - Adaptive Meshingo S11o Mesh cellso Solver time¾ Transient Solvero Deselect “Adaptivemesh refinement”o Press ApplyIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter12Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaNear-field results¾ InI navigationi ti ttree go tot 2D/3D Results - E-field or H-field:o Field componentso Amplitudeso Phases¾ Can export results in txtfileIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter13Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaFar-field results¾ InI navigationi ti ttree go totFarfields:o Field componentso Co-pol. and Cross-pol.o Polar, 2D or 3Do Rad. Efficiencyo Directivity or Gain¾ Can exportp results in txtfile or in GRASP formatIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter14Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaStructure Parameterization¾ Select “Arm up” innavigation tree¾ Edit object¾ In define cylinder, changeZmax to variable “L”¾ Transient Solvero Par. Sweepo Add watch S11 in dBo New SeqSeq. &New Par. “L”¾ Check & StartIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter15Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

1st Example:p DipolepAntennaMesh Operations¾ EnableE bl meshh viewi¾ View global mesh properties¾ Change local mesh of“Arm up”IEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter16Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

Visit CST Websitewww.cst.comIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter17Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

2nd Example:p Microstripp PatchGeometry Drawing¾ New Project¾ Draw “Ground”, “Substrate” and “Patch”¾ Define discrete port(use local coordinate system)28 mm11 mm¾SSetupt frequencyfrange (1 tot 3 GHz)GH )& Field Monitors @ 2.2 GHz¾ Run transient -4040-404000 28-212133.02CopperIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter18Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

2nd Example:p Microstripp PatchCoaxial Feed (Part 1)¾ Copy S11 dB curve & delete discrete port¾ Macros - Calculate - Analytical LineImpedancep¾ Draw “Inner Conductor” cylinder:o SelectS l t “Ground”“Gd” ((repeatt forf “Substrate”)“S b t t ”)o Object - Boolean - Insert - aterialInner Conductor0.45-203CopperppDielectric1.49-200Teflon (εr 2.08)Outer Conductor1.8-200CopperIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter19Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

2nd Example:p Microstripp PatchCoaxial Feed (Part 2)¾ Pick lateral face of “InnerInner ConductorConductor”¾ Object - Extrude - create “Dielectric”1.04¾ Repeat for “Outer Conductor”¾ Pick top face of “Dielectric”¾ Object - Local Modifications - Move Face (-3)pfor “Outer Conductor”¾ RepeatObjectRadiusZminZmaxMaterialInner Conductor0.45-203CopperppDielectric1.49-200Teflon (εr 2.08)Outer Conductor1.8-200CopperIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter20Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

2nd Example:p Microstripp PatchWaveguide Port¾ Pick bottom face of “OuterOuter ConductorConductor”¾ Select Waveguide Port¾ Run Transient Solver¾ In navigation tree see 2D/3D Results - PortM dModes¾ Compare S11 curvesIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter21Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

2nd Example:p Microstripp PatchSimulation of a body above antenna¾ Copy E- and H-planes radiation patterns¾ Copy S11 dB curve¾ Create brick of “Body”:o Create new material “Body”εr 55 andd σ 11 (S/(S/m))¾ Run Transient Solver¾ See S11 curve &radiation patternsIEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter22Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010-7070-70701040

QQuestionsti?After a CST simulation .IEEE Communications Society Portugal Chapter23Lisbon, IT, 22 March 2010

CST Design Environment Analysis and design of static and low Simulation of free moving charged particles frequency EM applications 3D EM simulation of3DEM simulationof charged particles high frequency problems “Circuit tool” which combine Signal and power results from other CST integrity and EMC/EMI analysis on printed circuit boardsFile Size: 2MB