“Nitrogenase Inspired Pep@de-Func@onalized Catalyst For .
“Nitrogenase Inspired Pep@de-Func@onalized Catalystfor Efficient, Emission Free Ammonia Produc@on”NH3 Fuel Conference 2017, MinneapolisStephen Szymanski, Director – Business DevelopmentNovember 8, 2017 2017 Proton Energy Systems, Inc.
Proton OnSite Overview World leader in PEM water electrolysis Subsidiary of Nel ASA, based in Oslo, Norway 2,700 Systems delivered in 75 countries for: Industrial applications Laboratory markets Military customers Fueling and energy storage ISO 9001:2008 certified 100 employees at U.S. operations2
Commercial Electrolysis Technologies Liquid KOH Enables non-noble metals PEM solid electrolyte Simple, low maintenance BOPLiquid KOHProton Exchange Membrane (PEM)3
Scalable TechnologyFrom Single to Mul@Stack SystemsHOGEN M SeriesHOGEN C SeriesUp to three stacks per systemHOGEN H SeriesHOGEN GCHOGEN S Series680 cm250 Nm3/hr100 kg/day28 cm20.05 Nm3/hr0.01 kg/day86 cm22 Nm3/hr4.3 kg/day210 cm210 Nm3/hr21.6 kg/day4
Renewable ammonia produc@onyesterday Source: NEL Hydrogen5
and large scale electrolysisplants for today’s energy marketsNel Hydrogen GIGA Factory concept:400 MW system design study for commercial customerLargest electrolyser plant ever designed Interna@onal industrial customer Tied to solar power CAPEX: 175M Benchmark CAPEX ra@o: 450/kW Capacity for more than 300,000 FCEVs Plant intended primarily forpower-to-gas applica@ons6
Research needs: large scale,renewable H2 Smallest HB reactors are 3-10 tons/day Larger reactors are currently more cost effec@ve Distributed op@ons will need advancements for both steps H2 produc@on scale up; efficient scaled down HB Electrolysis shows capital cost pathway but work needed across mul@ple areas7
Low Temperature ElectrochemicalAmmonia Synthesis ApproachConcept: Electrolysis anode, ammoniagenera@on at cathode Alkaline membrane toenable range of catalystsChallenges: Breaking N2 triple bond Compe@ng H2 reac@on Efficiency measurementat low produc@on Efficiency requirementsfor cost targets8
Catalyst design approachesFurther details in talks from L. Greenlee and J. Renner Nanopar@cle alloyingControl over size andcomposi@on Pep@de templa@ngMolecular r@cleapproach9
Test Development Pressurized low temperature electrochemical test stand Bake out process before build to remove N2contamina@on Argon controls for all experiments Assay for measurement ofNH3 quan@ty produced10
Importance of ControlsSources of Contamina@on: Membrane backbone degrada@on: many AEMs havequaternary ammonium anions or other N sources Catalyst absorp@on/desorp@on of N2; decomposi@on ofnitride-based catalysts Dissolved gases in flow fields, gas diffusion layers, cell parts Can vary from day to day with environmental condi@ons Low genera@on levels make detec@on harder11
Example Results Gross NH3 measurementonly 2X net genera@on Some samples withlower current are higherefficiency – larger netammonia genera@onAll measurements at constant poten@al; differentcatalysts could have different op@mal opera@ng pointsAverage control Importance of H2suppression Pressurized cell showedbeqer conversion12
Future Direc@ons Catalyst architecture cri@cal; need to tailor N2 access,absorp@on strengths, and H2 affinity Programs to date have provided good direc@on Need to suppress H2 genera@on while designing ac@ve site forN2 splirng Op@miza@on of opera@ng condi@ons Upgrades to test stand for pressuriza@on improved efficiency Need controls and accurate means for NH3 detec@on Direct GC integra@on needed for genera@on rate Assay only provides total amount13
Conclusions Renewable H2 genera@on (via water electrolysis) reachingrelevant scale for “green ammonia” Will lead any transi@on Direct electrochemical pathway could be long termop@on Promising direc@ons being iden@fied Requires precise catalyst design and synthesis Industry-academia collabora@on accelerates learning Early device integra@on provides insights Importance of opera@ng condi@ons14
AcknowledgementsFunding: USDA/NIFA DOE/AMOCollaborators:Lauren GreenleeUniv. of ArkansasAndrew HerringColorado School of MinesJulie RennerCase Western Reserve15
Subsidiary of Nel ASA, based in Oslo, Norway 2,700 Systems delivered in 75 countries for: Industrial applications Laboratory markets Military customers Fueling and energy storage ISO 9001:2008 certified 100 employees at U.S. operations
PEP Orientation Goals: The purpose of Module A, PEP Orientation Session is to give you, as a prospective mentor or mentee a general understanding of PEP. It is intended to reach both mentors and mentees and create enthusiasm for becoming part of the PEP experience. The PEP Orientation S
All the amps had third-order IMD down between -40 and -50 dB PEP. QST review Elecraft KPA1500 amp listed third-order IMD at -30 dB PEP. Flex PowerGenius XL -30 dB on 20m, -27 dB PEP on 10 & 6 meters. SPE Expert 1.5K-FA ARRL measured -30 dB PEP on 20 meters. -30 dB is 6 t
In the dark, the organic substrates enhanced nitrogenase activity to a lower extent. These observations suggest that Krebs cycle metabolites, NADP and sugars are taken up by Nostoc muscorum cells in the light and in the dark, and are further metabolized to donate reductants to nitrogenase in the hetero cysts, and stimulate its activity.
43 3.1 - Nitrogenase Catalyzes Biological Nitrogen Fixation The agronomic and economic significance of nitrogen fixation - reduction of N2 to yield 2 NH3 - can be appreciated through the perspective of an estimate that suggests more than a third of today's human population would not exist without application of the
Chromatography Columns and Consumables 2014-2015 1-002 Sample Preparation SPE Cartridge Selection Sample Matrix Solubility of Sample Polarity of Sample Separation Mode Recommended HyperSep Sorbent(s) SOLA HRP, C18, C8, Phenyl, Retain PEP SOLA HRP, C18, C8, Retain PEP SOLA HRP, Hypercarb Retain PEP SOLA SCX/WCX, Verify CX Retain CX SCX Verify CX .
Chromatography Columns and Consumables 2014-2015 1-002 Sample Preparation SPE Cartridge Selection Sample Matrix Solubility of Sample Polarity of Sample Separation Mode Recommended HyperSep Sorbent(s) SOLA HRP, C18, C8, Phenyl, Retain PEP SOLA HRP, C18, C8, Retain PEP SOLA HRP, Hypercarb Retain PEP SOLA SCX/WCX, Verify CX Retain CX SCX Verify CX .
not submit a Post-Employment Program (PEP) Election Form? If you are eligible for PEP and a Post-Employment Program Election Form is not received at the time the paperwork must be processed, your leave balance contributions will be defaulted into the VEBA Health Savings Plan Nationwide Fixed Account.
Adolf Hitler Translated into English by James Murphy . Author's Introduction ON APRIL 1st, 1924, I began to serve my sentence of detention in the Fortress of Landsberg am Lech, following the verdict of the Munich People's Court of that time. After years of uninterrupted labour it was now possible for the first time to begin a work which many had asked for and which I myself felt would be .
