Marine Lubricants POcKetbOOK - HBS

REFRIGERATION OILSShell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-VShell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-FHigh-performance, universal alkylated benzenerefrigeration oil suitable for reciprocating, centrifugaland rotary compressors using R22 or R717 down toevaporator temperatures of –60 CPolyol ester refrigeration oil for use withenvironmentally friendly HFC refrigerant gases R23,R134a, R404a, R410 and R507Viscosity at (mm²/s)Flash point,PMCC (ºC)Pour point( C)Density at15 C (kg/m³)40 C100 CShell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-F 32326255–541,018Shell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-F 68648.6250–42990Shell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-F 1009310.9280–42990Shell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-V 32304.2180–42888Shell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-V 68686190–42871Shell Refrigeration Oil S4 FR-V 1001077.2200–3686921

GAS COMPRESSOR OILsShell Gas Compressor Oil S4 PV 190A versatile polyalkylene glycol cylinder lubricant for reciprocating compressors handling hydrocarbonand other gasesViscosity at (mm²/s)Shell Gas Compressor Oil S4 PV 1902240 C100 C19036Flash point,PMCC (ºC)262Pour point( C)–30Density at15 C (kg/m³)1,056

STERN TUBE OILSShell Strombus MPEmulsifiable stern tube oil where excessive leakage past the outer seal is experienced. Designed specificallyfor oil-filled stern tubes, particularly in the event of leakage in systems incorporating lip seal stern tube glands,but also some face sealsViscosity at (mm²/s)Shell Strombus MP40 C100 C273–Flash point,PMCC (ºC)200Pour point( C)–5Density at15 C (kg/m³)90023

BEARING AND CIRCULATING OILSMineralShell Morlina S2 B 150Syntheticshell Morlina S4 BMineral bearing oil giving excellent water sheddingand corrosion protectionFully synthetic anti-wear bearing oil approved forAlfa Laval separatorsViscosity at (mm²/s)24Flash point,PMCC (ºC)Pour point( C)Density at15 C (kg/m³)40 C100 CShell Morlina S2 B 15015015262–15887Shell Morlina S4 B 22022025.9240–48853Shell Morlina S4 B 32032033.8270–45854Shell Morlina S4 B 46046045.5274–42859

TURBINE OILSShell Turbo TExcellent propertiesSpecialist oils that meet the demands of high-outputsteam turbines. Meets ISO 8068 L-TSA, L-TGA typeB and DIN 51515 L-TD. Shell Turbo T 68 meets therequirements of ABB for VTR.4 type turbocharger1,000 hour oil-drain intervalThermal stabilityDemulsibilityAir releaseResistance to foamingRust and corrosion protectionViscosity at (mm²/s)Flash point,PMCC (ºC)Pour point( C)Density at15 C (kg/m³)40 C100 CShell Turbo T 32325.2 215 –12871Shell Turbo T 46466.6220 –12874Shell Turbo T 68688.5240–9876Shell Turbo T 10010011.4250–988125

TRANSMISSION OILSShell Spirax S4 ATF HDXShell Spirax S3 AX 80W-90A superior-quality automatic transmission fluid suitablefor heavy duty transmissionsHigh-performance API GL-5 gear and axle oil formoderate to heavily loaded gear applicationsrequiring SAE 80W-90 oilShell Spirax S4 TXMPremium universal transmission oil designed for use intransmissions, hydraulic systems, oil-immersed brakesand other ancillary systemsViscosity at (mm²/s)Shell Spirax S4 ATF HDX26Flash point,PMCC (ºC)Pour point( C)Density at15 C (kg/m³)40 C100 C33.27.2185–48847Shell Spirax S4 TXM609.4220–42882Shell Spirax S3 AX 80W-9016916.8220–30900

HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDsShell Heat Transfer Fluid S2Heat transfer fluid for use in indirect closed fluid heat transfer systems with bulk temperatures up to 320 CViscosity at (mm²/s)Shell Heat Transfer Fluid S240 C100 C254.7Flash point,PMCC (ºC)220Pour point( C)–12Density at15 C (kg/m³)86627

2-STROKE OUTBOARD ENGINE OILsShell Nautilus Premium OutboardHigh-performance lubricant for superior protection of all 2-stroke gasoline outboard motors.Approved to NMMA TC-W3Viscosity at (mm²/s)Shell Nautilus Premium Outboard2840 C100 C387.0Flash point,PMCC (ºC)70Pour point( C)–35Density at15 C (kg/m³)871

GREASESShell Gadus S2 V220 0Extreme-pressure grease for highly loaded centralised systemsShell Gadus S2 V220 1Extreme-pressure grease for highly loaded centralised systemsShell Gadus S2 V220 2High-viscosity base oil multipurpose grease for high loadsShell Gadus S2 A320 2Extreme-pressure grease that withstands water washout to retain protectionShell Gadus S2 V220AD 2High-viscosity base oil and mixed lithium–calcium thickener withmolybdenum disulphateShell Gadus S2 V220AC 2High-viscosity base oil and mixed lithium–calcium thickenerShell Gadus S2 V100 3General-purpose grease for use in large electric motorsShell Gadus S3 HighSpeed Coupling GreaseSpecial grease for flexible gear couplingsShell Gadus S3 V220C 2High-viscosity base oil multipurpose grease for high loadsShell Gadus S3 T220 2Top-performing, high-temperature, extreme-pressure multipurpose greaseShell Gadus S5 V100 2Synthetic, lithium complex, extreme-pressure grease with a wide operatingtemperature rangeShell Gadus S2 OG 40Superior performance open-gear greaseSHELL GADUS S2 OG 50Superior performance open-gear grease29

GREASES30BaseNLGI gradeAverage droppingpoint ( C)Operatingtemperature ( C)Shell Gadus S2 V220 0Lithium0––20 to 120Shell Gadus S2 V220 1Lithium1180–20 to 120Shell Gadus S2 V220 2Lithium2180–20 to 120Shell Gadus S2 A320 2Calcium285–10 to 60Shell Gadus S2 V220AD 2Lithium–calcium2188–10 to 120Shell Gadus S2 V220AC 2Lithium–calcium2175–20 to 120Shell Gadus S2 V100 3Lithium3180–20 to 130Shell Gadus S3 High SpeedCoupling GreaseLithium0.5 150–30 to 120Shell Gadus S3 V220C 2Lithium complex2260–25 to 140Shell Gadus S3 T220 2Diurea2260–20 to 160Shell Gadus S5 V100 2Lithium complex2260–50 to 150Shell Gadus S2 OG 40––––Shell Gadus S2 OG 50––––

GREASE COMPATIBILTY CHARTn Good compatibility n Borderline compatibility n lPolyureaAluminium (Al)Aluminium complex (Al-X)Barium (Ba)Calcium (Ca)Calcium 12-hydroxy (Ca-12)Calcium complex (Ca-12)Clay*Lithium (Li)Lithium–calcium (Li–Ca)Lithium complex (Li-X)Shell Polyurea Grease***Bentonite–hectorite microgel **Shell Polyurea Greases have been tested and found compatible with lithium, lithium–calcium, aluminiumcomplex and Shell Gadus (clay).31

LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONSSAE Viscosity ClassificationsEngine oilsThe most widely used system for engine oil viscosity classification is that established by the Society of AutomotiveEngineers (SAE) in the USA. In this system, two series of viscosity grades are defined: those containing the letter Wand those without the letter W.Grades with the letter W are intended for use at lower temperatures and are based on a maximum lowtemperature viscosity, a maximum borderline pumping temperature and a minimum viscosity at 100 C. Oilswithout the letter W and intended for use at higher temperatures, are based on their viscosity at 100 C only.A multigrade oil satisfies the viscosity requirements of one of the W grades at low temperatures and one of thenon-W grades at high temperatures.32

LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONSSAE VISCOSITY GRADES FOR ENGINE OILS (1), (2) J300 JAN. 2009SAEviscositygradeLowtemperature( C)crankingviscosity(3) (mPa.s)Low temperature( C) pumpingviscosity(4), mPa.sLow-shear-rate kinematicviscosity(5), (mm2/s) at100 CHigh-shear-rateviscosity(6), mPa.sat 150 CMax.Max. with no yieldstressMin.Max.Min.6,200 at –3560,000 at –403.8––(4)Notes(1) 1 mPa.s 1 cP; 1 mm2/s 1 cSt(2) All values, with the exception of thelow-temperature cranking viscosity, are criticalspecifications, as defined by ASTM D3244(3)5W6,600 at –3060,000 at –353.8––10W7,000 at –2560,000 at –304.1––15W7,000 at –2060,000 at –255.6––(3) ASTM D5293: Cranking viscosity – Thenon-critical specification protocol in ASTMD3244 shall be applied with a P value of0.95. (4) ASTM D4684: Note the presenceof any yield stress detectable by this methodconsaitutes a failure regardless of viscosity.20W9,500 at –1560,000 at –205.6––(5) ASTM D44525W13,000 at –1060,000 at –159.3––20––5.6 9.32.6(6) ASTM D4683, CEC L-36-A-90 (ASTMD4741) or ASTM D548130––9.3 12.52.940––12.5 16.33.5 (0W-40, 5W-40,and 10W-40 grades)40––12.5 16.33.7 (15W-40,20W-40,25W-40,40 grades)50––16.3 21.93.760––21.9 26.13.70W33

LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONSAutomotive Gear LubricantsThis classification is based on the lubricant viscosity measured at low and/or high temperatures. It should be notedthat there is no relationship between the SAE engine oil and gear oil classifications. A gear lubricant and an engineoil having the same viscosity will have widely different SAE grade designations, as defined in the two classifications.AXLE AND MANUAL TRANSMISSION LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATION SAE J306 JUNE 2005SAE viscositygradeMaximum temperature forviscosity of 150,000 cP ( ��85W–1211.0–80–7.0 11.090–13.5 24.0140–24.0 41.0250–41.0–Note: 1 cP 1 mPa.s, 1 cSt 1 mm²/s34Kinematic viscosity at 100 C (cSt)

LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONSISO Viscosity ClassificationThe ISO viscosity classification uses centistoke (cSt) units and relates to the viscosity at 40 C. It consists of a series of18 viscosity brackets between 1.98 and 1650.0 cSt each of which is defined by a number. The numbers indicate,to the nearest whole number, the mid-points of their corresponding viscosity brackets.Kinematic viscosity limits at 40 C (cSt)ISO viscosity gradeMid-point viscosity at 40 C (cSt)Min.Max.ISO VG 22.21.982.42ISO VG 33.22.883.52ISO VG 54.64.145.06ISO VG 76.86.127.48ISO VG 10109.0011.00ISO VG 151513.5016.5024.20ISO VG 222219.80ISO VG 323228.8035.20ISO VG 464641.4050.60ISO VG 686861.2074.80ISO VG 10010090.00110.00ISO VG 150150135.00165.00ISO VG 220220198.00242.00ISO VG 320320288.00352.00ISO VG 460460414.00506.00ISO VG 680680612.00748.00ISO VG 10001,000900.001,100.00ISO VG 15001,5001350.001,650.0035

LUBRICANT VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONSNLGI Grease ClassificationThe commonly used grease consistency classification is thatestablished in the USA many years ago by the NationalLubricating Grease Institute (NGLI). This classifies greasessolely in terms of their hardness or softness; no otherproperty or performance level is taken into consideration.The classification consists of a series of consistency ranges,each of which is defined by a number (or numbers) from000 to 6. The consistency is defined by the distance intenths of a millimetre that a standard cone penetrates asample of the grease under standard conditions at 25 C.American Gear ManufacturersAssociation ClassificationAGMA 250.04 (superseded)Industrial enclosed gear drives36Grade No.ASTM worked penetration at 25 C Alubricant No.ISO viscosity grade1462683100415052206320

VISCOSITY COMPARISON CHARTKINEMATIC VISCOSITY TABLE4285040775386803662534550140500Viscosity at 40ºC 085604020104015085 W115301006880 W20463222ISO20181751405075 W70 WSAE GEARSViscosity at 100ºC (mm2/s)700161412108615 W10 W5WSAE ENGINE4237

GlossarySymbol38Chemical ElementSymbolChemical Sodium

AAbrasionIn gears, a type of wear caused when hardparticles are trapped between the gear teethAcidAny substance capable of producing hydrogen ionsin solution. An acid will be neutralised by a base.AcidityIn lubricants, the acidity denotes the presence ofacidic constituents whose concentration is usuallydefined in terms of an acid numberAnti-Scuffing AdditiveAn additive included in some lubricant formulationsthat is absorbed on to metal surfaces to preventdirect metal-to-metal contactAnti-Wear AdditiveAn additive included in some lubricant formulationsto reduce friction and wearApparent Viscosity (of a grease)The observed viscosity of a grease that varies withboth temperature and flow rateAromaticA substance added to a lubricant to improve itsproperties or impart new characteristicsAn organic chemical compound built mainly ofcarbon and hydrogen atoms, and containing one ormore rings of carbon atoms in which there are somedouble bonds between adjacent carbon atomsAir ReleaseAsphalteneAdditiveThe ability of a fluid to allow the escape of airentrained within itAnti-foaming agentAn additive included in some lubricant formulationsto suppress foam formationLarge and complex chemical compounds in whichsulphur, nitrogen, vanadium and nickel are built intoaromatic structures. They occur predominantly inheavy residues such as residual fuel and bitumen.39

GlossaryAshSome additives, particularly metallic detergentadditives, leave behind a powdery residue aftercombustion. This residue is known as ash and itcan cause engine malfunction if allowed to buildup in the combustion chamber.Ash (Sulphated)The ash content of an oil, determined by charringthe oil and breaking down the residue withsulphuric acid and evaporating to dryness.Expressed as percentage by massBBase Stock (Base Oil)Refined petroleum oil used in the production oflubricants and other products. The base stock maybe used alone or blended with other base stocksand/or additives to manufacture a finished lubricant.BiodegradabilityThe capacity of a substance to be broken down bythe biological action of living organisms40BleedingSeparation of oil from grease. Some bleeding isdesirable, as it provides continuous oil lubricationto bearings.Bore polishingA condition that may occur in the cylinders ofturbocharged engines when the cylinder wallsbecome highly polished. Bore polishing often leadsto an increase in oil consumption and wear, and toa decrease in engine efficiencyBoundary LubricationA lubrication regime in which the film of lubricantis so thin that surface-to-surface contact takes placeover a large area and the load is carried by a verythin film of lubricantCCalcium Base GreaseA grease made from a lubrication fluid thickenedwith calcium soap. Calcium base grease is highlyresistant to water but unstable at high temperatures.

Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI)Calculated carbon aromaticity index is a number,calculated from an empirical formula indicating theignition quality of a residual fuel. Only the fuel’sdensity and viscosity are required. The formula wasderived by Shell Research. The higher the CCAIvalue, the worse the ignition quality.Carbon ResidueCompatibilityThe ability of substances to exist together withoutdamaging each otherCorrosion inhibitorAn additive included in some lubricant formulationsto help the lubricant protect against corrosionDCoked materials remaining after an oil has beenexposed to high temperatures under tyThe formation of pockets of air or vapour in a fluidwhen the pressure on the fluid is reducedCetane IndexCetane index is used as a substitute for the cetanenumber of diesel or distillate fuel. The cetane index iscalculated based on the fuel’s density and distillationrange and is a measurement of the combustionquality of diesel fuel during compression ignition.The separation of an emulsion into its componentliquidsMass per unit volume. Standard units arekilogrammes per cubic metre (kg/m3) or grammesper cubic centimetre (g/cm3)DetergentAn additive included in most engine oil formulationsto inhibit deposit formation and protect the lubricatedsurfaces41

GlossaryDew PointThe temperature at which water vapour starts tocondenseDispensabilityThe property of a grease that governs the ease withwhich it may be transferred from its container to itspoint of applicationDispersantAn additive included in some lubricated formulationsto hold insoluble contaminants in suspensionDistillateAny product obtained by condensing the vapoursdistilled from a refining processDropping pointLowest temperature at which a grease is sufficientlyfluid to drip, as determined by test method ASTMD566 or ASTM D2265. This test helps determinewhether a grease will flow or not from a bearing atthe operating temperature.42Dynamic ViscosityThe viscosity of a fluid defined as the shear stress (theforce causing movement between adjacent layers offluid) divided by the rate of shear (the difference inspeed between adjacent layers of fluid)EEngine DepositsAccumulations of sludge, varnish and carbonaceousresidues caused by blow-by of unburned and partiallyburned fuel, or from partial breakdown of the crankcaselubricant. Water from the condensation of combustionproducts, carbon, residues from fuel or lubricating oiladditives, dust and metal particles also contribute.EmulsificationThe formation of an emulsionExtreme pressure (EP) AdditiveAn additive included in some lubricant formulations toprovide extra protection against wear. Under heavyloads, EP additives form a protective chemical film onthe surfaces in contact.

fFilm StrengthThe ability of a film of oil or grease to resist rupturedue to load, speed, temperature or shock loadingFilterabilityThe ability of a liquid to pass freely through a filterwithout clogging itFlammabilityHow easily something can be ignited and burnedFlash pointThe lowest temperature of a liquid at which the vapourFZG Gear Test RigA method for determining the load carryingcapacity of lubricants. Calibrated spur gears areoperated at fixed speeds and controlled initialoil temperatures for 15-min stages. The load onthe gear teeth is increased at each stage. Lubricantperformance is judged by the number of stagesrun up to a defined weight loss of the test gears orvisual assessment of damage to the tooth flanks. Themaximum number of stages is 12.GGravityabove the liquid can be ignited by an open flameFor petroleum products only, the mass/volumerelationship expressed asFrictionSpecific gravity mass/unit volume product at 60 FThe force that resists relative movement between twosurfaces in contactFuel InjectionThe introduction of fuel under pressure directly intothe cylinders of an internal combustion enginemass/unit volume water at 60 FAPI gravity (141.5specific gravity at 60 F)–131.543

GlossaryGreaseA lubricant with a semi-solid consistency produced bydispersing a thickening agent in a base oilHHigh viscosity index (HVI)An HVI oil is one having a viscosity index of betweenabout 85 and 115IImmiscibleIncapable of being mixed to form a homogeneous fluid(or mixture), e.g., oil plus water.IncompatibilityHydrocarbonsChemical compounds that consist entirely of carbonand hydrogen. They form the basic

Shell TelluS S2 V 15 15 3.8 160 –42 871 Shell TelluS S2 V 22 22 4.8 190 –39 872 Shell TelluS S2 V 32 32 6.4 170 –42 872 Shell TelluS S2 V 46 46 8.2 210 –39 872 Shell TelluS S2 V 68 68 10.9 230 –36 877 Shell TelluS S2 V 100 100 14.7 176 –30 889 Shell TelluS S3 M 46 46 6.8 220 –33 865 Shell TelluS S4 Vx 32 33.8 9.93 100 –60 866