Physical And Chemical Properties Of Matter
Physical and ChemicalProperties of MatterWhat are some physicalproperties? Color/odor Melting and boiling point Magnetic Conductivity Density Hardness
Graphite —the layeredstructure ofthe carbonatoms givesgraphite itsphysicalproperties.
Physical Properties
Physical Changes– can be observed without changing theidentity of the substance( color,hardness, melting point & density)– is only a change in any physicalproperty of a substance– matter can change from one state toanother( liquid to a gas)Some physical changes would be boiling of a liquid melting of a solid dissolving a solid in a liquid grinding or crushing Condensation - when gas becomesa liquid
Chemical Properties andChemical Change Chemical properties of asubstance are defined by thechemical changes it undergoes. These properties, then, must bedetermined using a process thatchanges the identity of theoriginal substance. Chemical change or chemicalreaction is the transformation ofone or more atoms or moleculesinto one or more differentmolecules.
Sure Signs of a ChemicalChange Chemical changes identifychemical properties. Production of heat/burning Change in color or odor Gas Produced (not fromboiling!) Precipitate – a solid formed bymixing two liquids together New substance has beenproduced that is different fromthe original substance Reduction of 1 substance into2 (breaking down of theoriginal substance)
Some Examples ofPhysical vs. ChemicalProperties Examples:– melting pointphysical– flammablechemical– densityphysical– magneticphysical– tarnishes in airchemical
Some Examples ofPhysical vs. ChemicalReactions Examples:-rusting ironChemical-dissolving in waterPhysical-burning a logChemical-sublimationPhysical-grinding spicesPhysicalChemical andPhysical ChangePractice Quiz #1
Create you own flow map on a piece of copy paper.Underneath your map, explain all of the physical changesand underline the transition words.SublimationFor example: Solids melt into liquids.BoilingEvaporatingMeltingLiquidSolidFixed VolumeNo fixed shapeModerateKinetic EnergyFixed VolumeFixed ShapeLeast Kinetic EnergyFreezingGasNo Fixed VolumeNo Fixed ShapeMost Kinetic EnergyCondensingDeposition
Physical Properties and Changes The characteristics of a substance that can be observedwithout changing the identity of the substance arecalled physical properties. Examples: ColorShapeTextureVolumeMassDensity A physical change is any change in any physicalproperty of a substance, not in the substance itself. Examples Breaking a piece of clayStretching a rubber bandMelting ice into liquid waterDry Ice sublimating into gas
Chemical Properties and Changes Chemical properties describe how substances can form newsubstances. A chemical property is any of a material’s properties thatbecomes evident during a chemical reaction. Examples: Combustibility (ability to burn)Easily oxidized (ability to rust)Toxicity (level of harm to organisms)Reactivity with other chemicalsTypes of chemical bonds that will formPhysical and ChemicalChanges The change of one substance into another substance iscalled a chemical change. Examples: The burning of wood The rusting of iron Mixing baking soda and vinegar to produce carbon dioxide gas
Indicators of a Chemical Change Color Change Can be tricky to interpret Some color changes are just a mixture, not a chemical change Physical change – mixing food coloring into water (mixture) Chemical change – iron rusting due to oxygen (something new) Gas produced Has to be a new substance, not boiling! Temperature change Gets hot – exothermic reaction Gets cold – endothermic reaction Precipitate formed A solid is formed when reacting two or more fluids Odor change A new smell! Light or sound production Boom!
Compounds and MixturesNewproperties;atomsbondRatio ofelementsCompoundsSeparatedby breakingbonds2 or moresubstancesMatter/MassCan beseparatedRetainpropertiesof originalsubstancesMixturesSeparatedby physicalmeansNo specificratio;HeterogeneousHomogeneous
Chemical Properties and Changes Chemical properties describe how substances can form new substances. A chemical property is any of a material’s properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction. Examples: Combustibility (ability to burn) Easily oxidize
Physical Properties of Minerals Physical properties of minerals are controlled by chemical composition and structure So, samples of same minerals exhibit the same properties Thus physical properties can be used to identify minerals Physical properties can be grouped into four categories Introduction to Mineralogy, Second edition
Changes Properties and changes of matter can be classified as either chemical or physical. SECTION 1 Physical Properties Main Idea Physical properties of a substance can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. SECTION 2 Chemical Properties Main Idea A chemical pro
Chemical Formulas and Equations continued How Are Chemical Formulas Used to Write Chemical Equations? Scientists use chemical equations to describe reac-tions. A chemical equation uses chemical symbols and formulas as a short way to show what happens in a chemical reaction. A chemical equation shows that atoms are only rearranged in a chemical .
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Identity, Physical and Chemical Properties of Pesticides 5 be used to kill some pests. Since pesticides varies in identity, physical and chemical properties, it s therefore logical to have them classified and their properties studied under their respective groups. Synthetic pesticides are
Physical Science Reading and Study Workbook Level B Chapter 2 17 Section 2.2 Physical Properties (pages 45-51) This section discusses physical properties and physical changes. It also explains how physical properties can be used to identify materials, select materials, and separate mixtures. Reading Strategy (page 45)
Physical and Chemical Properties Physical Properties properties a substance shows by itself without interacting with another substance - color, melting point, boiling point, density Chemical Properties properties a substance shows as it interacts with, or transforms into, other substances - flammability, corrosiveness 8/1
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