POLI 101: Introduction To Political Science
POLI 101: Introduction to PoliticalScienceFall 2014Professor R. Allen Bolarrbolar@ucsd.edu
We are our History“History does not refer merely, or even principally,to the past. On the contrary, the great force ofhistory comes from the fact that we carry itwithin us, are unconsciously controlled by it inmany ways, and history is literally present in allthat we do”-James Baldwin
You (and I) are weirdWe get lots of education---lots. I mean lots. (not tomention we can read!)We spend a small portion of our income on food, whichcomes from all over the world.We have credit cardsWe have culture available, nonstop, for freeWe are some of the richest people in the history ofmankind.(I agree that it doesn’t always feel like it)None of these opportunities were ones that we createdalone. They depended on the history and communaleffort of previous generations in particular places.
Markets and StatesNo Man is an IslandWe live togetherWe depend on each otherHow shall we coordinate our efforts?Two ways we coordinate:MarketsStatesA gigantic amount of your life is determined bythese two entities.
Markets and StatesMarkets determine who gets what in a conditionof scarcity.States are organized political units living under agovernment.As humans we must decide:Who deserves what?What rules shall we live under?To answer these questions together is politics.
Political AnimalsAristotle said that humans are zoon politikon.We are political animalsPolitics is the defining trait of humanity.We reasonWe discussWe plan
POLI 101“Politics” – Politics consists of makinga common decision for a group ofpeople through the use of powerPolitics involves both power andchoice.As Political Scientists we mustunderstand what power is andobstacles to choice.
ChoiceBut it is not so simple to make choicesCollective Action ProblemsPrisoner’s DilemmaCommon Pool ResourcesConcentrated benefits and diffuse costsAccountabilityInstitutions are designed to facilitate optimalchoices and accountability.
What is Power?Can we find examples?
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?Sheldon AdelsonBillionaire casino owner; friend of Newt GingrichGave Mr. Gingrich 5 million for his campaignLegal since after supreme court case, Citizens v. United(2010)
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?UC Davis Police Officer pepper spraying studentson November 18, 2011
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?Social expectations / gender roles
Examples of Power?
Examples of Power?Kim KardashianCelebrity?Power?
What is Power?
What is Power?P W/tPower is strengthPower is influencePower is the ability to work one’s will in theworld. (All true, but I think this one is the bestfor our purposes)
What is Power?Types of power:
What is Power?Types of power:Violent force & physical coercion
What is Power?Types of power:Violent force & physical coercionEconomic influence
What is Power?Types of power:Violent force & physical coercionEconomic influenceLegal
What is Power?Types of power:Violent force & physical coercionEconomic influenceLegalCultural & Ideological
What is Power?Would you stop if a police car put their sirens on?Why?Do you believe that you should?
What is Power?Would you stop if a police car put their sirens on?Why?Do you believe that you should?What if your professor told you to pull over oryou will get a bad grade?
What is Power?Power vs. Authority:Power and authority are not the same, they areseparable concepts
What is Power?Power vs. Authority:Power and authority are not the same, they areseparable conceptsAuthority is the legitimate use of power.
What is Power?3 types of Authority:Traditional
What is Power?3 types of Authority:TraditionalRational/legal
What is Power?3 types of Authority:TraditionalRational/legalCharismatic
Problems of Power and Authority in AmericaPower without legitimacy is tyranny.
Problems of Power and Authority in AmericaPower without legitimacy is tyranny.How is legitimacy created?
Legitimacy?How is legitimacy created and bestowed?How is authority created?
Legitimacy?How is legitimacy created and bestowed?How is authority created?
LiberalismThe dominant mode of political and economicorganization in the world today is liberaldemocracy.Individual rightsLibertyEqualityUniversalismBut this is not the only mode.And life has not always been like this.
Before LiberalismThe three estates:KnightsPriestsPeasantsRoles were defined by birth and status andlegitimated by the Church, tradition, and custom.An organic hierarchy existed: in other words,natural and not made by man.
The Three Estates
The Divine Right of Kings
Napoleon crowns himself
“Render unto Caesar.”
Martin LutherAgainst theMurderous,Thieving Hordesof Peasants,(1525)
Henry V
We have credit cards We have culture available, nonstop, for free We are some of the richest people in the history of mankind. . Politics is the defining trait of humanity. We reason We discuss We plan. POLI 101 “Politics”–Pol
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