Chemical And Biological Safety – Part1 – Guidance On .
Chemical and biological safety – Part1 –Guidance on chemical safetyDocument typeScope (applies to)Applicability dateReview / Expiry dateApproved dateApproverDocument ownerSchool / unitDocument statusInformation classificationEquality impact assessmentKey termsPurposeGuidanceStaff and students25/06/201925/06/202127/06/2019Head of EHSSDeputy DirectorEnvironmental Health and Safety ServicesPublishedPublicNoneHealth and safety/Hazard identification and riskassessmentProvide guidance on protection againsthazardous chemicals and also to ensurecompliance with the Control of SubstancesHazardous to Health Regulations 2002 andalso the Dangerous Substances and ExplosiveAtmospheres Regulations 2002Version Purpose / changesnumberDocumentstatusV1.0draftRevision of guidanceAuthor ofchanges, roleand school /unitPaulSzawlowski andDr Alan Aitken,School ofChemistryDate26/06/20191
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Table of contents1. Introduction2. Policy Statement3. The arrangements for managing the use of hazardous substances3.1. University Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group3.2. Head of School / Unit3.3. University Chemical Hazards Adviser3.4. School/Unit Hazards Policies3.5. Staff and Student Responsibilities3.6. Environmental Health and Safety Services3.7. Intended Audience3.8. Where these regulations apply4. Legislative and Regulatory Framework4.1. Relationship with Existing University Policy, Procedures and Regulation5. Emergency Procedures5.1. General Fire Safety Procedures5.2. Fire in a Fume Cupboard5.3. Release of Toxi8c Gases or a Major Spillage of a Hazardous Substance5.4. Reporting Accidents and Near Misses6. Summary of the Risk Assessment Process7. Classification and Labelling of Chemicals8. Chemical Safety Guidance8.1. Criteria for the University of St Andrews Hazard rating System for Chemicalsand Other Substances8.2. Guidance on the Safe Use of Chemicals8.2.1. General Laboratory Practice8.2.2. Storage of and Care of Chemicals8.2.3. Fume Cupboards8.2.3.1.Maintenance of Fume Cupboards8.2.4. Personal Hygiene, Cleanliness and Good Laboratory Practice8.2.5. Personal Protective Equipment8.2.5.1.Eye Protection8.2.5.2.Safety Shield8.2.5.3.Hand Protection8.2.5.4.Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE)8.3. Types of Hazards8.3.1. Fire and Explosion Hazards8.3.2. Poisons8.3.3. Controlled Drugs and Drug Precursors8.3.4. Carcinogens8.3.5. Chemical Weapons Act 19968.3.6. Toxic gases8.4. Waste Disposal8.4.1. Waste Disposal procedures8.4.2. Laboratory Waste Bins and Controlled waste8.4.3. Waste Washed to Drains with Excess water8.4.4. Disposal of ‘Special Waste’8.4.4.1.Disposal of Waste Solvents3
8.4.5. Special Waste Disposal Arrangements for Specific Highly ReactiveSubstances8.4.5.1.Disposal of Pyrophoric Reagents8.4.5.2.Disposal of Lithium, sodium and Potassium8.4.6. Glass Recycling8.4.7. Waste Paper RecyclingAppendix 1 – Duties of the University Chemical Hazards AdviserAppendix 2 – Membership of the Chemical and Biological Management GroupAppendix 3 – HSE Risk PhrasesAppendix 4 – Fire and Explosive HazardsAppendix 5 – Highly Poisonous SubstancesAppendix 6 – Examples of carcinogensAppendix 7 – Diagram to show the Disposal Routes for Different types of wasteAppendix 8 – Waste Algorithms from National Waste Technical Guidance WM3Appendix 9 – University Special Waste FormAppendix 10 – Procedure for Disposal of Pyrophoric Substances4
1. IntroductionThe Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations, which were first enactedin 1988, initiated a management system to control the use of all hazardous substances at work.The revised COSHH (2002 as amended) Regulations also include biological agents andamendments to the definition and use of carcinogens.This booklet, Part 1, provides advice and guidance on the control of chemical substances hazardousto health and on the control of carcinogenic substances. Guidance on biological agents andgenetic modification is provided in Part 2.The key feature of the legislative management system is the requirement to formally assess the riskof the substance to the health of employees / environment and then introduce control measuresto protect their health. These controls measures must include suitable information, instructionand training. Where required, the control measures should include monitoring of exposure tothe hazardous substance and also health surveillance.Safety legislation increasingly places emphasis on the assessment of risks within a workplace, notjust for hazardous substances. The underlying principles of risk assessment andimplementation of control measures are defined under the Management of Health and Safetyat Work Regulations (1999) (MHSWR). The MHSWR has a wide ranging requirement forassessing all risks within a workplace. An assessment made under COSHH is considered tofulfil the requirements of the MHSWR, thus, with respect to the hazardous substances used,no further risk assessment need be performed. The management system for COSHH should,therefore, be integrated into the arrangements made for compliance with the MHSWR. Wherethere are other risks as well as chemical risks, these should be incorporated into one riskassessment (for example manual handling risks when handling large quantities of chemicals).2 Policy statementThe following is the University of St Andrews Policy Statement with respect to work with hazardoussubstances:1. This University will comply, as far as reasonably practicable, with all legislation withregard to the storage, use and disposal of hazardous substances.2. The Principal has ultimate authority for regulating work with hazardous substanceswithin the University;3. The Head of School/Unit has the responsibility for ensuring the Local Rules areimplemented within their School/Unit;4. All supervisors of those working with hazardous substances are have a duty to ensurethe workers under their control comply with all the local rules and guidances for workwith ionising radiations;5. All employees have a duty to ensure their safety and the safety of others by their actsand omissions when working with hazardous substances.6. Suitable and sufficient risk assessments using the University’s computerised chemicalrisk assessment programme entitled ‘CHARM’ will be undertaken on all work withhazardous substances. All such risk assessments must be signed by all the workers itrelates to, the supervisor of the work and by a representative of the School/Unit for workwith high risk hazardous substances.7. All high hazard chemicals (University Hazard rated 5 chemicals, controlled substances,class 1 drug precursors, chemicals on the ‘Poisons List’) must be stored in lockedcabinets8. A suitably qualified University Chemical Hazards Safety Adviser will be appointed toprovide advice to staff and students as well as to the Office of the Principal on ChemicalHazards issues
9. A Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group will be convened by theUniversity Biological Hazards Safety Adviser and will also have as part of itsmembership the University Chemical Hazards Adviser. No chemical issues can bediscussed at the meeting of this Group without the University Chemical Hazards SafetyAdviser being present.10. A safety representative from each of the accredited Unions will be invited to themeetings of the Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group.11. A report of the Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group meeting will beforwarded to the Vice Principal for Research for review by the Office of the Principal.12. All workers with hazardous substances will receive appropriate and proportionatetraining in the handling of such substances within their workplace13. A specific detailed risk assessment will be undertaken for new and expectant motherswho may work with hazardous substances14. All hazardous substances will be disposed of in accordance with Scottish EnvironmentProtection Agency guidance entitled ‘Waste Classification – Guidance on theClassification and assessment of waste – Technical Guidance WM3’ (see ploads/attachment./LIT 10121.pdf )15. All accidents, near misses or medical conditions which are believed to be caused byhazardous substances will be reported to the Director of Environmental, Health andSafety Services.16. Where it is believed that a worker has developed a medical issue or there is a potentialfor such a medical issue while working with a hazardous substance, the worker shouldobtain the advice of the University Occupational Health Adviser.3. The arrangements for managing the use of hazardous substancesThe structure of the management system for Health and Safety is given in the University‘Health and Safety Policy’ (2018). This can be viewed at the following website:http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/media/Approved HS Policy Final.pdf3.1University Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group.The Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group fulfills, for the University, all ofthe legal requirements pertaining to the use of hazardous substances. Membership and remitof this Group is given in the University Health and Safety Policy (2010). The membership ofthis committee is given in Appendix22
3.2Head of School/UnitThe Head of the School/Unit is responsible for implementing the University Policy oncontrolling substances hazardous to health, and to ensure procedures are in place to monitorcompliance with the University Policy. The Head may delegate specifically defined duties toother members of staff.3.3University Chemical Hazards AdviserSpecialist advice on Chemical Hazards is available from the University Chemical HazardsAdviser. Communication with the University Chemical Hazards Adviser should normally bethrough the Director of Environmental, Health and Safety Services. The remit for this post isgiven in Appendix 1.3.4School / Unit Chemical Hazards PoliciesThe School/Unit Safety Policy should include details on the identification and control ofhazardous substances within the School/Unit. The School/Unit policy should ensure:i)implementation of the University Policy on controlling substances hazardoustohealth which requires that a suitable and sufficient riskassessment should be performedand signed by all relevant people beforeany work can be initiated;ii)the systematic elimination or reduction of risks from substances hazardous to healthwhere reasonably practicable;iii)the control of exposure to hazardous substances by means other thanPersonalProtective Equipment (PPE);iv)that substances with a WEL are controlled so as to reduce the levels of the relevantsubstance to below this limit;v)that, where appropriate, a suitable maintenance regime is implementedforgeneral and local exhaust ventilation systems (e.g. fume cupboards,microbiologicalsafety cabinets);vi)that, where appropriate, suitable guidance is produced for the selection, issue, useand maintenance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE);vii)where appropriate, that suitable health surveillance for employees isprovided;viii) that suitable and sufficient information, instruction, training andsupervision in the use of hazardous substances is provided;ix)that regular reviews of risk assessments are carried out;x)that regular reviews of the School/Unit arrangements for the complianceare carried out.3.5Staff and Student ResponsibilitiesAll staff and students should ensure they look after their own safety and the safety of others byensuring that their actions or omissions do not put themselves or others at riskAs part of their training, all staff postgraduate and final year undergraduate students will beprovided with appropriate training in COSHH risk assessments from Environmental, Healthand Safety Services or their School/Unit.3
3.6Environmental, Health and Safety ServicesEHSS will provide support to the University Chemical Hazards Adviser, will administer theCHARM programme and will be involved in monitoring chemical health and safety withinspections and audits with the University Chemical Hazards Adviser3.7 Intended audienceThis policy and the attached guidance are intended for all members of staff at the University whouse significant quantities of hazardous substances as a requirement of their work activity3.8 Where these Regulations applyThis policy and guidance is applicable for all Schools/Units /Residences within the University4 Legislative and regulatory frameworkThis policy and guidance document has been produced to ensure compliance with the followinglegislation: Health and Safety at Work Act etc 1974 – This is the general legislation which all healthand safety regulations are derived from.Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 2002 as amended – This legislation has beenenacted to ensure the health of workers when using hazardous substances which includeschemicals, biological agents, dustsDangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002 – This legislationhas been enacted to control highly flammable materials and explosive atmosphereManagement of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 – Requirement to undertakeappropriate assessments where there is a significant risk.Misuse of Dugs Act 1971 – This classifies compounds as ‘Controlled Drugs’ andrequiring a specific licence for research with such substancesMisuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 – Provides detailed guidance on the classification ofsuch ‘Controlled Drugs’Regulation (EC) No 273/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council on drugprecursors – 2004 and Council Regulation (EC) No 111/2005 Laying down the rules forthe monitoring of trade between the Community and third countries in drug precursorsPoisons Act 1972 – Categorises certain chemicals as ‘Poisons’ and details the requirementfor storage of such substancesChemical Weapons Act 1996Special Waste (Scotland) Regulations 1996 and the Special Waste Amendment (Scotland)Regulations 2004 – These regulations enact the European Directive on Hazardous WasteDisposalOther legislation may also apply to Chemical Hazards depending on the activities being4
Chemical Hazards regulations are enforced by: Health and Safety ExecutiveScottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) for hazardous waste disposalScottish Fire and Rescue Service for work with highly flammable materials and also withexplosive atmosphereDepartment for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy for reporting Chemical WeaponsreturnsHome Office which licences the use of controlled drugs and drug precursors4.1 Relationship with existing University Policy, Procedures and RegulationAs noted throughout this Policy, compliance with the conditions set out here will on occasion alsorequire observance of other University Policy and Regulations referred to herein.Guidance5Emergency Procedures.5.1General Fire Safety ProceduresIn the event of a fire, follow the instructions on the blue ‘Fire Action’ notices which are postedin your School/Unit and any special instructions issued by the School/Unit. The Material SafetyData Sheet (MSDS) will also include details of what actions to take in the event of a fire orspillage of a chemical5.2Fire in a Fume Cupboard.In the event of a fire in a fume cupboard, close the sash of the cupboard, then switch off theextraction fan and then raise the alarm by the nearest call point. You should then comply withthe normal ‘Fire Action’ notice.Note:Within certain School/Units special procedures, which differ from the above, may bein place.5.3Release of Toxic Gases or a Major Spillage of aHazardous Substance.i) Do not attempt a clean-up operation unless you are confident you can do thiswithout any risk to yourself or others;ii) Evacuate the room or, if necessary, the building;iii) Call the Fire Brigade: Dial 9-999 or 112 on your mobile phone;iv) Ensure that an appropriate person is delegated to meet the Fire Brigade and provideany additional information which they may require e.g. the exact location of theaccident and the specific hazards which Firemen may be exposed;v) Do not return to the room unless authorised to do so bythe senior Fire Officer present.vi) Ensure that all relevant janitorial, trades or contract staff, particularly those whowork outside of normal hours, are made aware of any restriction on the entry to thebuilding or particular area.5
5.4 Reporting Accidents and Near MissesThe priority in any accident situation is the safety of the affected person. Whenever such a situationarises a first aider should always be called unless it is a case where a person requires more thanfirst aid treatmentAll accidents and near misses involving hazardous chemicals should be reported to the Director ofEnvironmental, Health and Safety Services using the appropriate form which can be downloadedfrom the -Form.docThis report should give concise details of the incident and any injuries sustained. Severe injuries haveto be reported to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) under the Reporting Injuries, Diseasesand Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013. It should also give details of any time off workas the University must report accidents where a worker has been injured at work and is off workfor more than 7 working days. Reporting of such accidents will be done by the Director ofEnvironmental, Health and Safety Services.All accidents should be investigated to identify the cause(s) and put in place appropriate measures tostop such an incident occurring again. Minor incidents should be investigated by the School/UnitSafety Co-ordinator or a Depute. Serious incidents will be investigated by a nominated personfrom Environmental, Health and Safety Services in conjunction with the School/Unit Safety Coordinator.6Summary of the Risk Assessment Process.A risk assessment should be performed when a hazardous substance is used in the workplace.Only one risk assessment need be performed for a procedure which uses several differentsubstances.The University has implemented an electronic record keeping system for COSHH riskassessments entitled ‘CHARM’ (see URL: rews.ac.uk/ehss/charm/files/CharmGuide.pdf for guidance on the use of the CHARMprogramme). The first step in carrying out a risk assessment is to obtain a hazard rating for thesubstances to be used. A University approved list of hazard ratings is published and may beviewed on the electronic COSHH management system. Details of the rating system and thecriteria used for hazard ratings are given in Section 2.2.Having obtained the hazard ratings the electronically produced risk assessment form should becompleted for the whole process being used.Note: Where the process only includes substances hazard rated 1 which are deemed to bea minimal hazard to employees, there is no formal requirement to undertake a riskassessmentPrior to any work with a hazardous substance, a form should be completed and electronicallysigned by the assessor and by those workers also named in the risk assessment. This signed formis then electronically sent to the Supervisor named in the risk assessment who can then approvethe risk assessment if they deem it suitable and sufficient’. If the project requires the use ofcategory 5 substances, then the risk assessment is automatically sent to the School/Unit/BuildingSafety Co-ordinator so that they can approve the project on behalf of the School/Unit. The risk6
assessment is only valid if it has been appropriately signed by all relevant people and dated. Theelectronic COSHH risk assessment system can be accessed via the following mGuidance on the use of the CHARM programme can be obtained at the following iles/CharmGuide.pdfThe procedure for performing a COSHH risk assessment on a hazardous substance issummarised as follows:A. Gather information about the substance(s) and the procedures to be used.a)D
The Chemical and Biological Hazards Management Group fulfills, for the University, all of the legal requirements pertaining to the use of hazardous substances. Membership and remit of this Group is given in the University Health and Safety Policy (2010). The membership of this committee is given in Appendix2 . 3 3.2 Head of School/Unit The Head of the School/Unit is responsible for .
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