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Student PacketDigraph Words with Plural EndingsAdding Suffixes to Words Ending in YName:www.readinghorizons.com

Welcome to the Reading Horizons Elevate Weekly Student Packet!Each packet contains the following items: Practice pages for each skill lesson from the Reading Horizons Elevate Student Book Transfer Cards Passages with comprehension questions from the Reading Horizons Elevate Reading LibrarySome packets will also include practice pages for Most Common Words lessons.Student Book Practice PagesEach practice page begins with a brief review of the associated skill or list of Most Common Words. Students mayneed the support of a fluent reader to read the skill review and the instructions for each activity.Most Common Words are words that appear so frequently in writing that students need to know them by sight.Until these words become a regular part of the student’s vocabulary, the student may require more support from afluent reader while completing these practice pages.Transfer CardsTransfer Cards were designed to be fully decodable, meaning that the student should have learned all the necessary skills to read these independently. These cards provide valuable practice using the skills taught in the program.Reading Library Passages and Comprehension QuestionsReading Library passages are designed to give students practice reading a variety of nonfiction texts. Each packetwill include at least two passages of varying difficulty. Students will benefit from additional support from a fluentreader while working through these passages.Happy Reading!The Reading Horizons TeamFor more information, contact your instructor at . 2020 by Reading Horizons

Student BookLesson 79NameDigraph Words with Plural EndingsSkills Review A plural means more than one. To form a plural, s or es is added to the end of a word. (Rememberthat to form a plural, add an -s to most words ending in a consonant and an -es to words ending in s,ss, zz, or x [hats; dresses; buzzes; boxes].) Add the plural -es to words ending with the Digraphs ch or sh (lurches; wishes).DECODINGWhen adding the plural ending:1) Prove the base word first.2) Rewrite the word with the ending.3) Underline the ending.*dishXdishespeachX XpeachesA. Underline the plural ending in each word.beacheslurchespitcheswatchesB. Prove the base word.Rewrite the word with the plural ending. Then underline the plural ending.*dishesExample: dishX1. w i s h2. c o a c h3. r a n c h4. t e a c h5. b e n c h6. m a t c h181

Lesson 79Student BookNameDigraph Words with Plural EndingsAPPLICATION ACTIVITIESA. Choose the word from the box that fits best to complete the poem.benchescrashescoachespeachesspeecheswishesMy friend and I needed to take a day off.We decided to to go some beaches.We packed a lunch with all sorts of food,Including a bag of ripe .1.We couldn’t find the entrance to the first beach.We kept running into some trenches.We decided to simply jump over them,And set up our stuff near some .2.We had a great day just relaxing —No homework or washing dishes.We swam, took a nap, and just talked.I’d been granted one of my fondest !3.B. Circle all of the words that need an es to make them ish

oath lunch wish2Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate batch ditch lash kick crash stackPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-13Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate Torches are used on ranches to help withfixing ditches in the dark. birth torch ranch path batch peach crash stitch rockPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-14Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate On Friday he washes three batches ofpeaches for the lunches. wish lunch deckAdd -s or -es to each word.Published by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1Add -s or -es to each word.Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate wish stitch peachLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural Endings1 dish myth speechHe washes the peaches before puttingthem in the dishes. flash latch trackLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural EndingsPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1There are many benches on these threeblocks where people eat their lunches. flock beach dishAdd -s or -es to each word.Add -s or -es to each word. bench block trenchLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural EndingsLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural Endings

path graph wish6Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate pack lunch birth dish watch snackPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-17Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate He packs lunches for the kids every night.They like the snacks he puts in them. crutch wish inch sock beach path dish cloth stackPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-18Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate After the storm, people came to movebranches stacked on the beaches. inch wish branchAdd -s or -es to each word.Published by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1Add -s or -es to each word.Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate attack stack wishLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural Endings5 path lash inchPeople will give speeches about donatingthings to grant the wishes of kids. branch bench speechLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural EndingsPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1You can see on the graphs where thepatches of trees are in the park paths. lash ranch stickAdd -s or -es to each word.Add -s or -es to each word. patch bath benchLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural EndingsLesson 79: Digraph Wordswith Plural Endings

ThunderstormsThunderstorms are remarkable forces of nature, and they can be verydangerous. Sometimes thunderstorms bring rain, snow, or hail, but theycan also occur without anything falling from the sky. However, they canstill be dangerous because of the lightning.Have you ever seen lightning in the distance, then heard thunder, andwondered what was happening in the clouds? Many old legends attempt toexplain thunder and lightning. One of these legends says that when thereis thunder and lightning, there are creatures fighting in the sky. In reality,both lightning and thunder are caused by a release of natural energy.Thunderstorms begin with clouds. Clouds are formed when warm air risesinto cold air. This warm air carries tiny drops of water. As the warm airreaches the cold air, it cools down. As the warm air cools, the tiny dropsof water, called water vapor, release energy. This release of energy warmsthe air again, which causes the air to rise some more. This process of warmair cooling makes clouds. If the process continues long enough, it makesa type of cloud that can cause thunderstorms. This type of cloud is thick,wide, and tall.When these clouds form, the warm air begins to spread out, and all of thewater vapor begins to freeze. When the water vapor becomes ice, it beginsto fall. Usually, the ice melts and becomes rain before it hits the ground. Asmore and more rain falls, a rainstorm begins.Thunderstorms occur when these clouds form very quickly. Inside theclouds are positive and negative particles. The positive particles in thecloud move higher, and the negative particles in the cloud move lower.Then, the negative particles in the cloud become attracted to the positiveparticles on the ground. This attraction causes the negative particles torush to the ground. As the cloud’s negative particles move toward theground, the positive particles on the surface of the ground leap into theair. When these positive and negative particles hit each other, they releasea large amount of energy. This release of energy produces a very brightlight and heats the surrounding air to a temperature between 30,000and 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit (about 17,000 and 28,000 Celsius). Thisrelease of energy is called lightning.weatherLexile : 920LWord Count: 622Time:Continued on the next page.67

Thunderstorms (continued)Lightning heats the air, which then expands very quickly. The expanding aircauses a loud sound that we hear as thunder. The sequence of lightning andthunder happens in less than one millionth of a second! Think of the lasttime you saw lightning and heard thunder. You probably remember thatyou saw the lightning a few seconds before you heard the thunder. This isbecause light moves faster than sound. So, if the lightning was far enoughaway, the light reaches your eyes before the sound reaches your ears.Because light travels faster than sound, the amount of time betweenlightning and thunder can show how far away the lightning is. Thunderwill be about five seconds behind lightning for every mile (1.6 kilometers)between a person and the lightning. For example, if a person sees lightningand then hears thunder ten seconds later, the person is about two milesaway from the lightning.Lightning can be very dangerous! If a thunderstorm starts when you areoutside, the best thing for you to do is to go inside so that you can staysafe. Lightning is attracted to tall objects, so if you are far from an indoorlocation, it is best to find a low spot in the ground, such as a ditch, and liedown there until the storm is over. Thunderstorms can be amazing forcesof nature, but they are best enjoyed from a safe location.Answer comprehension questions on page 163.68

ThunderstormsComprehension QuestionsCircle the best answer.1. The main purpose of this passage isto explaina.b.c.d.the science of thunderstorms.the dangers of thunderstorms.how thunderstorms help people.how scientists studythunderstorms.2. According to the author, one legendsuggests that thunder and lightningare caused bya.b.c.d.a race with flying horses.a fight between creatures.a star falling from the sky.a fire that starts in the clouds.3. A thunderstorm can occur when aclouda.b.c.d.blows across cold ground.slowly collects ice and rain.rises and cools very quickly.becomes so hot that it disappears.4. Lightning is caused when negativeparticles from a clouda. touch the negative particles ofthe sun’s rays.b. connect with positive particlesfrom the ground.c. are lost as negative particles inwarm air blows below.d. are released into the positiveparticles of another cloud.5. We can infer that someone who seeslightning and hears thunder at aboutthe same timea. is very close to the location ofthe lightning.b. is safe from the negative effectsof lightning.c. is very far from the location ofthe lightning.d. is likely to have imagined seeingthe lightning.6. The author concludes the passage bya.b.c.d.sharing a story about a rescue.mentioning a famous scientist.offering safety advice to readers.encouraging readers tostudy more.7. A millionth (paragraph 6) is a verya.b.c.d.loud sound.bright lightlarge object.small amount.Check your answers on page 196.163

Student BookLesson 85NameAdding Suffixes to Words Ending in YSkills Review When a word ends in an adjacent vowel with y, just add an -s to form plurals or verb endings(days; keys). When y follows a consonant at the end of the word, the y must be changed to i before adding thesuffixes -ed, -er, -es, or -est (pony/ponies). When adding the suffix -ing, the y must remain because the i in -ing does not have the sound of i(satisfy/satisfying); the i is part of the suffix.DECODINGProve the base word. Then rewrite the word, adding and underlining the suffix.dayXdaysXebabyXbabiesidryingXdryXA. Prove the base word. Then underline the suffix added to that word.happy happiestdrydriesponyponiesREADINGRead the paragraph. Notice the words that have a suffix.Jill stopped crying and dried her eyes. It had been days since shegot the sad news. Though she knew a good cry could be satisfyingsometimes, she could see that it was only multiplying her problems.She decided to focus her efforts on feeling happier.199

Lesson 85Student BookNameAdding Suffixes to Words Ending in YAPPLICATION ACTIVITIESA. Write the base word of each word with a suffix.cry1. crying2. dried3. days4. satisfying5. multiplying6. happierB. Write the word in the blank, adding the suffix to correctly complete the sentence.1. My nephew is thebaby I have ever seen. (happy)happiest2. My sister is soccer on Saturday mornings. (play)3. The girl her room before the guests arrived. (tidy)4. The three galloped together across the field. (pony)5. My son hid my so he wouldn’t have to go toschool. (key)C. Circle the words that have the suffix added correctly. Cross out the words that are spelledincorrectly. Then look at the first letter of each word you circled and fill in the missing lettersto complete the phrase below.grayestponyestryingstrayeshappyer raysladyesworrieskeysmultiplyedGear200o !

needyPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-13Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate Your dress is fancier and trendier than mine. fancy trendy droopyPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-14Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate If it’s hazier tonight, we won’t see the stars. happy(add -er or -est) gray hazy toy tarry(add -er or -est) windy cozy stay stray sway(add -ed or -ing) reply apply(add -ed or -ing) imply spy bray monkeyCopyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate tray2(add -s or -es) fly dryPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1(add -s or -es) sky tryCopyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate Lesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in Y1 playThe crying man had mistier eyes than I did. trendy(add -er or -est) misty grayLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in YPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1Sunnier days are great for playing outside. lacy(add -er or -est) sunny tiny play lady hazy stay(add -ed or -ing) reply dry decay duty toy(add -ed or -ing) cry stray(add -s or -es) candy navy(add -s or -es) sway baby fryLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in YLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in Y

windy rely risky(add -ed or -ing) sway stay(add -er or -est) happy sunny play nasty(add -ed or -ing) apply cry(add -er or -est) tiny silly sway happyPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-17Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate The happiest student applied for the job. bayPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-18Copyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate During our vacation, we had the sunniest skies. wavy deny gravy monkeyCopyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate joy6(add -s or -es) sky supplyPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1(add -s or -es) spy sprayCopyright September 2017Reading Horizons Elevate lacyLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in Y5These twin babies seem needier thantheir sister was. fancy(add -er or -est) happy needy stayLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in YPublished by Reading HorizonsISBN 978-1-62382-166-1She has the shiniest, waviest hair I have seen. wavy(add -er or -est) shiny tiny supply relay apply(add -ed or -ing) spy decay(add -ed or -ing) deny rely pony tray baby(add -s or -es) spray spy(add -s or -es) way deny flyLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in YLesson 85: Adding Suffixes toWords Ending in Y

MummiesIn Egypt, a team of scientists find a pyramid. Inside, they discovera room with treasures—but it also includes a mummy who wakesfrom a deep sleep and comes to life. It wants to protect its treasureand will stop anyone in its way. Beware this terrible monster!Does this sound like a movie you have seen? For many years, themummy has been a popular and scary movie monster. In reality, amummy is not a monster. It is the body of a person who has died.Normally, a person’s body decomposes after death. This meansthat bacteria rots all of the body parts, such as hair, skin, andmuscles. Within a few months, the body becomes a bare skeleton.Sometimes, a body does not decompose if it is trapped in ice orburied under the sand. When this happens, there are no bacteriato decompose the body. These situations create a natural mummy.This means that the body parts, including skin and hair, remain onthe skeleton.history, culture, health, AfricaLexile : 790LWord Count: 423Time:Some cultures, including the culture of ancient Egypt, mademummies through a process called embalming. Ancient Egyptiansbegan the practice of embalming mummies more than 5,000 yearsago. Ancient Egyptians believed in a life after death. They believedthat dead people would need to use their bodies again someday.This is why they embalmed kings and other rulers after they died.Sometimes other important and rich people could afford to beembalmed.In ancient Egypt, the embalming process often took up to 70 days.First, the body was washed and cleaned. All internal organs exceptthe heart were removed and replaced with stuffing. Next, the bodywas dried with salt to remove all water. After 40 or 50 more days,the body was wrapped in linen cloths and placed in a sheet. Last,the body was put in a stone coffin, which is a special box for storingdead bodies. Treasure and food were placed with the coffin. Attimes, a person’s animals, such as cats, dogs, or even cows, wereembalmed along with the human mummy.Other cultures also made mummies. In Peru and Chile, the Incasembalmed their dead. The Han dynasty in China did, too. Inaddition, mummies have been discovered in Canada, Australia, andRussia. In fact, mummies have been found on all seven continents.Those who study mummies can learn many important things aboutthe culture that a mummy comes from. In this sense, a mummy ishardly a monster. But it could be considered a history teacher!Answer comprehension questions on page 131.64

MummiesComprehension QuestionsCircle the best answer.1. This passage is mainly abouta.b.c.d.a type of dead body.the history of Egypt.a new clothing style.the life of an old king.2. A natural mummy can be created if abody isa.b.c.d.frozen in ice.left in the sun.wrapped in a cloth.dropped into the sea.3. Egyptians embalmed bodies becausea. they believed that the deadwould need their bodies again.b. they wanted to punish theirleaders for making mistakes.c. they thought that the smell ofdecomposing bodies was bad.d. they did not have room to burythe bodies in the ground.5. We can infer that the author’s feelingtowards this topic isa.b.c.d.fear.anger.interest.confusion.6. The author introduces this topic bya.b.c.d.telling a scary story.defining important words.describing a famous person.comparing different cultures.7. To decompose (paragraph 4) means toa.b.c.d.look scary.grow longer.become rotten.carefully cover.Check your answers on page 142.4. The Egyptian embalming processoften tooka.b.c.d.less than 40 days.about 40 years.up to 70 days.close to 70 years.131

Student BookLesson 80NameMost Common Words List 19Skills Review Most Common Words are words that are used often when reading and sometimes do not followphonetic skills.Most Common Words List 19hearenoughstopeatwithout secondfacewatchlaterfarmissreallyideaalmost letA. Unscramble the letters to form a Most Common Word.Example: adie idea1. ghoune6. ecaf11. elt2. hera7. learly12. condes3. terla8. sopt13. arf4. sims9. tae14. chawt5. mostal10. eadi15. thitouwB. Read the story. Circle the Most Common Words from List 19. Words can be used more than once.When I let myself think about last summer’s pie-eating contest, Ican almost hear the crowd chanting my name. I remember the momentthat the judge, Miss Park, clicked the button to stop her watch. My facewas planted in a banana cream pie. But I walked away from the contestwithout a prize. I was one second behind my competitor; I hadn’t been fastenough. Later, I asked myself why I thought entering the contest was sucha good idea. I had to eat far too much pie in too short a time, and I feltreally sick afterward. Still, it was fun to hear people cheering me on, eventhough I came in second.183

Lesson 80NameStudent BookMo

lightning and hears thunder at about the same time a. is very close to the location of the lightning. b. is safe from the negative effects of lightning. c. is very far from the location of the lightning. d. is likely to have imagined seeing the lightning. 6. The author concludes the passage by a. sharing a story about a rescue. b. mentioning a .

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