Online VLSM IP Calculator MOD]) AZUWAN EFENDY BIN MAIL A .
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Online VLSM IP CalculatorMOD]) AZUWAN EFENDY BIN MAILA report submitted in partial fulfillmentof the requirements for the awardof theDegree in Computer System and NetworkingFaculty of Computer Systems & Software EngineeringUniversity Malaysia PahangAPRIL 2010
VABSTARCTOnline VLSM Calculator is a system that has a useful function to the FCSSE.The user of this system is Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering,staff and student of University Malaysia Pahang, and anyone who want to use thissystem. This system has been developing based on the research that has been madeat the FCSSE. Before this student and staff in FCSSE has to calculate the IP addressmanually. It difficult for the staff and student to calculate the IP. That is the mainreason why this system has been develops. The solution that has been made to solvethe problem is by providing the correct answer for the user. This system wasdeveloped using the Dreamweaver, Javascript and Adobe Photoshop. This systemwill successful develop according to the propose objective in chapter one. For furtherused hope this system will be used for all networking comity and can be more usersfriendly.
viABSTRAK"Online VLSM Calculator" adalah satu sistem yang amat berguna padaFakulti Sistem Kejuruteraan Komputer dan Perisian (FSKKP). Sistem mi digunakanoleh Staf FSKKP, Pelajar FSKKP di Universiti Malaysia Pahang dan semuapengguna yang beriatar belakangkan bidang networking. Sistem mi digunakan olehStaff FSKKP dan pelajar FSKKP untuk mencari makiumat tentang tesis yang hendakdicari. Pengguna system mi boleh memilih sebarnag fungsi yang ada pada kalkulatormi. Sebelum mi semua proses pengiraan IP address dilakukan secara manual.Terdapat banyak kekangan yang berlaku dengan melakukan proses pengiraan secaramanual. Fungsi utama sistem mi ialah untuk memudahkan proses pengiraan IPaddress kepada pengguna. Sistem mi dibangunkan dengan menggunakanDreamweaver dan javascript sebagai satu platform pembinaan sistern dan AdobePhotoshop sebagai satu software untuk membina gambar-gambar grafik yangmenarik. Sistem mi berjaya dibangunkan berdasarkan objektif yang telah ditetapkan.Harapan semoga system mi I boleh di bangunkan oleh semua fakulti UniversitiMalaysia Pahang dan memudahkan pengguna.
xTABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER2TITLEPAGEABSTRACTvABSTRAKviTABLE OF CONTENTSxLIST OF TABLExiiiLIST OF FIGURExivLIST OF ction11.2Problem Statement21.3Objective21.4Scope2LITERATURE REVIEW32.1Introduction32.2Current System32.3Existing System42.3.1WildPackets IP Subnet Calculator42.3.2Advance IP Address Calculator vl.152.3.3VLSM (CIDR) Subnet Calculator72.4Summarization of the existing system82.5Online VLSM Calculator92.6Adobe Dreamweaver102.7Adobe Photoshop102.8JavaScript102.9VLSM.11
xi342.10IPv4 and IPv6122.11Internet Protocol Address122.12Classfull IP Addressing132.13Classless IP Addressing142.14Special Address Ranges152.15Software Process162.15.1 Identification162.15.2 Planning172.15.3 Analysis172.15.4Design172.15.5Implementation & System Design243.5.2Interface Design253.6Implementation & Testing263.7Software & Hardware NTATION284.1Introduction284.2Interface294.2.1 User Interface304.2.2 Event Execution32
xli5RESULT AND DISCUSSION5.1Introduction415.2Result of System425.2.1To develop a prototype Online VLSM Calculator5.2.2To apply VLSM function based on userrequirement5.2.35.35.4Advantages and ages47Assumption and Further ResearchCONCLUSION6.142To implement web based application and useVLSM IP Calculation concept641Conclusion474848REFERENCES50Appendices A52Appendices B54Appendices C58Appendices D64
xliiLIST OF TABLESTABLE NO.TITLEPAGE2.1Description on existing system82.2IP Address in Binary Number142.3Type of IP Address153.1Software requirement273.2Hardware Requirement27
xlvLIST OF FIGURESFIGURE NO.TITLEPAGE2.1WildPackets IP Subnet Calculator52.2Advance IP Address Calculator vi. 162.3Subnet List62.4VLSM (CIDR) Subnet Calculators73.1System Development Life Cycles203.2System flow for VLSM process223.3Flow systems for converting the IP address233.4System Flow243.5Interfaces for VLSM Calculator253.6Interfaces for Subnetting Function253.7Interfaces for Converting Function263.8Interfaces for Detail Result264.1Main Form294.2VLSM Calculator Form304.3Result Form314.4Samples coding for creating variable and function324.5Samples Coding for check the value of host number324.6Samples coding for display the value number of host334.7Sample Coding for function descending from highestto lowest344.8Sample Coding for reading the Ip address and subnet mask 344.9Sample Coding for error handling .354.10Sample Coding for split the ip address and subnet mask364.11Sample Coding for read the value that been past from mainPage4.12Sample Coding for convert the subnet mask into binaryNumber4.133637Sample Coding for convert the major IP address intobinary number38
xv4.14Sample Coding for error handling394.15Sample Coding for displaying the result40LIST OF APPENDICESAPPENDIXTITLEPAGEAGantt chart34BFlow System36CUser Manual40
xvABBREVIATIONSFSKKPFakulti Sistem Komputer dan Kejuruteraan PerisianUMPUniversiti Malaysia PahangPDFPortable Document FormatSDLCSoftware Development Life CycleFCSSEFaculty of Computer Science and Sofware EngineeringIPInternet Protocol
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1IntroductionVariable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is a means to specify a differentsubnet mask for the same network number on different subnets. With VLSM, anetwork administrator can use a long mask on networks with few hosts and a shortmask on subnets with many hosts. To use VLSM, the routing protocol must supportit. In world today, many people still calculate the IP Address manually. It will takemuch more time than calculate using appropriate software or tools. Online VLSMCalculator is a web that suitable to use to calculate the IP Address. Online VLSMCalculator use to calculate an IP address by using VLSM style as main function ofthe calculator. It also can convert the IP into binary number, and show the usableaddress that has left and the number of address that been use. Online VLSMCalculator able to avoid any miscalculation on the IP Address and can save time tocalculate. Online VLSM Calculator is very useful for the networking people andmany people to calculate the IP.
21.2Problem StatementCurrent situation at University Malaysia Pahang the student and staff ofnetworking need to calculate the IP Address manually.They need more time to calculate the IP Address. The possibilities to makeerror is higher and difficult to detect if there any error.It very difficult to calculate manually. If the understanding on how tocalculate the IP is low, it can make the student and staff difficult to proceed withtheir learning and do their project.1.3ObjectiveThe objectives of this project are:1.4i.To develop a prototype Online VLSM Calculator.ii.To apply VLSM function based on user requirement.iii.To implement web based application and use IP Calculation concept.ScopeThe scopes of this project are:i.This software will be used by student and staff of networking system.ii.Using VLSM IP addressing as main function of the calculator.Online VLSM Calculator used to calculate the IP Address and can bedone by calculate from the main IP address that been insert by theuser.
CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1IntroductionThis chapter will explain about the research of the project that has beenchosen. Many researches have done in making this system. The research has beendone at University Malaysia Pahang. Researchers also have seen the similar systemfor the system at web sites and also make research on the software that will use. Thischapter will briefly explain about the current system at web sites that similar to thissystem, the current process of calculating the IP Address and the advantage ofsoftware that are used in developing this system.2.2Current SituationToday many students in UMP especially networking student have , to calculatethe IP Address manually. They also need to learn how to calculate it. The lectureralso needs to teach the student. It will take so much time to calculate it and not easyto calculate.The current ways to calculate the IP Address are to difficult and not veryefficient. This is because in UMP there are no such systems that can solve thisproblem. There are many type of system that can calculate automatically but it needsto buy if we want to use. There are still have a free version but it not completes
4enough to use it. Say that staffs want to calculate the IP Address manually it needmore time to calculate it. These shown that a lot of times have being waste incalculating the IP Address. In current system, student cannot know if they wrong orright. They have to test it with other software or real device after finish calculating. Itwill waste time in troubleshoot the problem.2.3Existing SystemThere are 3 existing systems regarding to this project that has been explored.i.WildPackets IP Subnet Calculatorii.Advance IP Address Calculator vl.liii.VLSM (CIDR) Subnet Calculator2.3.1 WildPackets IP Subnet CalculatorWildPackets IP Subnet Calculator is a utility for computing informationabout IP addresses. Given an IP class A, B or C address, several pieces ofinformation can be displayed about that address by selecting one of four tabs theAddress Info, Subnet Info, Subnët/Hosts or CIDR tab. i [1] The Address Info Tabdisplays the class of address and range of addresses for that class, a color-coded bitmap for that class of address, the binary representation of that address, and thehexadecimal representation of the address. [1] The Subnet info Tab allows you toenter subnet information in five different ways by number of subnet bits, number oftotal mask bits, and number of subnets, number of hosts, or just the subnet mask indotted decimal notation. [1] IP Subnet Calculator generates a color-coded bit mapbreaking down the network, subnet and host portion, shows you the subnet hostaddress range, the subnet ID and subnet broadcast address. {l}
CalculatorFile Edit. Calculator Options HelpPSubnet''LaJcuIatorIE1I1WidPackeii.r16810. 0lPAddress 1 192AddressInfol Subnet inFo Subnets/Hosts CIDRr Use inversed MaskMask flitsSupernet Maskj255.224.0.0hijMax Supernets1 8192JMax AddressesJ2097150Route1192.180.0.0Supernet Address Range1192.160.00-192.19t255.2554Figure 2.1 WildPackets IP Subnet Calculator (Mar 25, 2002) [1]2.3.2 Advance IP Address Calculator v1.1The Advanced IP Address Calculator is a freeware Windows95/98/NT/2000/XP utility that lets you to calculate every aspect of your subnetconfiguration in a few mouse clicks. [2] It was designed for any network engineerwho needs a fast way to determine subnets. [2] The calculator generates a colorcoded bit map, breaking down the network, subnet, and host portion. [2] It showsyou the subnet host address range, the subnet ID, and the subnet broadcast address.[2] The binary representation and hexadecimal representations of IP addresses aresupported. [2] In this software user need to enter the IP address that they want tocalculate. [2] Then this calculator will automatically display the result of the IPaddress that user want based on how much host or subnet those users enter. [2]
File HelpqIP:172 25 . 101 . 251 Network type:' Class 8 128.0.0.0-191.255.255.255SubrretsBinary: 10101100.00011001.01100101.00011001.J!network subnet host groupMask1RAII jj Subnet ID: 17225 101 24255.255.255.252Hosts: 172.25101.25-172.25.101.26Subnet bits Mask bits Max subnets:11430 EJI 16382LBroadcast 72.25.101.27Max hostsMulticast N/AE:lElDAllowl subnet bitS upernetsMask: 11920.0.0Mask bits Max supernets2EJI 1126Route 072.25.101.24El .dMax addressesElEI65534Address range: 1128.0.0.0-191.255.255255initialized successfulyFigure 2.2 Advance IP Address Calculator vi. 1 [2]fl12I ID1.64.0.01.128.0.0I.ge1.64.0.1 -1.127,255.2541.128.0.1 -1.191.2.254OKI Broadcast1.127.255.2551.191.255.255J Copy locpboardFigure 2.3 Subnet ListThis screen pops up when you press the "look at hosts" button. It contains thehost ranges for each subnet. [2] You can select any number of elements and press the"copy to clIPboard" button to copy them to the clIPboard as plain text. [2]
I2.3.3 'VLSM (CIDR) Subnet CalculatorVLSM (CIDR) Subnet CalculatorVariable Length Subset Masking is technique that allows network administrators to tirade an P address space to subnets of different sizes. unlike simple same-size subnethng.Lesrn more a b out VLSklVLSM Subnet Calculator is intend for automate and simplify VLSM calculation process.HewO. sewr Enter major network address and mask in slash-forrnar, like 192 1158.111124Enter sizes (number of assignable ip addmsoos) of subnnts to divide maim network. You car, specify subnetwork names instead of defaultYou can change number of subnets or any time.hone PefemnuesReferences:Malornetwork ljNamemonitoring TooMnndonBarrdwidtk &Network 1rffinee,wos, Alerts, Entail,SizeA.ceasy and reliableOnline tOE Calculatorfor ZEISS nec IOLOSl1bOetS1I trod hitalr blood.-QSiand TCPfP NetworkNlstslslsDec-thin-li-Inti Cutorersion-- ,.-- -,7,FNumber of2 simple grocery itemswill lower your bluedpmssorenaturallyr. Wbnet MasksaSNMP TrapscalculateIPAddress Classes--subnets:changJ-Soft 105011 by sizeprSszbt.oln-- -------- -Figure 2.4 VLSM (CIDR) Subnet CalculatorsThe figure above show one of the examples of online VLSM calculator. Itshow that user need to key in the major network and number of host for each subnetwork. This software is intended for automate and simplify VLSM calculationprocess. There -other function user can use. There was converting the IP address intobinary function and also this calculator has a function to calculate the IP addressusing sub netting style.
2.4Summarization of the existing systemAt this part the description for the 3 existing system that been show beforewill be explain in the table below. In the table there is a summarization of thefunction, the advantages and disadvantages of the system.Existing SystemWildPackets IP Subnet CalculatorAdvance IP Address Calculator vi. 1-VLSM (CIDR) Subnet Calculators-DescriptionUse subnetting style to calculatethe IP address.All the main information beenshow.Not very user friendlyUser cannot insert any kind ofinformation they want.All the information not display inone form.Many functionUser cannot fully control thesystem.Not very user friendlyHave some mistake in calculationThe result not very detailsUser cannot calculate using theirownlP.The results are not details.Not user friendlyTable 2.1 Description on existing system
92.5 Online VLSM CalculatorThe idea to develop this system has come after viewing the current situationin UMP. This software is being built to help staff in FCSSE and Networking studentin UMP to calculate the IP Address easily and fast.The staff or lecturer can easily teach the student to calculate the IP Addressby using this software and doesn't need to teach manually. The staff can teach thestudent how to use this tool. This web is very user friendly and attractive to use. Thisweb can be one of the tools to be used in class.For student they need to make sure what is the IP Address that they want tocalculate and what is the other info that needs to put in this calculator. For example ifthey want to know the result of the IP VLSM they need to put how many host. Thisweb is flexible with user. User can enter their own value and not specific to certainvalue. If there is users enter the invalid value the message box will appear. Thevalidation process will be done if there is some user errors happen.
1026 Adobe DreamweaverAdobe Dreamweaver (formerly Macromedia Dreamweaver) is a webdevelopment application originally created by Macromedia, and is now developed byAdobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005. Dreamweaver is available forboth Mac and Windows operating systems. Recent versions have incorporatedsupport for web technologies such as CSS, JavaScrlPt, and various server-sidescrIPting languages and frameworks including ASP, ColdFusion, and PHP.2.7 Adobe PhotoshopAdobe Photoshop, or simply Photoshop, is a graphics editing programdeveloped and published by Adobe Systems. [4] It is the current market leader forcommercial bitmap and image manIPulation software, and is the flagshIP product ofAdobe Systems. [4] It has been described as "an industry standard for graphicsprofessionals" and was one of the early "killer applications" on the PC and update.[4]Adobe Photoshop is image-editing software. It allows you to transformscanned photographs, slides and original artwork in many ways, for example, bycropping, rotation, resizing and by creating special effects using filters ranging ineffect from blurring to mosaics. [5] Photoshop combines a full range of painting,editing and image composition tools, sophisticated selection tools, and methods foradjusting levels of grey and color in continuous-tone images. [5]2.8JavaScriptA scrIPting language developed by Netscape to enable Web authors to designinteractive sites. Although it shares many of the features and structures of the fullJava language, it was developed independently. JavaScrlPt can interact with HTMLsource code, enabling Web authors to spice up their sites with dynamic content.JavaScrlPt is endorsed by a number of software companies and is an open languagethat anyone can use without purchasing a license. It is supported by recent browsersfrom Netscape and Microsoft, though Internet Explorer supports only a subset, whichMicrosoft calls JscrlPt.
I2.9 VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask)Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is the new and efficient way to createNetworks as compared to the old Fixed Length subnet mask. [9]In Fixed length subnet masks networks there are 2 categories - the basic is A, B & Csubnets and the second is fixed subnets that are created from these basic subnets. [9]But in either of the methods there is lots of IP wastage, as different sections of thenetwork will vary in the number of hosts connected to that network. Wastage is morein the first classic way of networks. [9] It is minimized with the help of sub netting,but the problem still exists as some network segments may contain very less hostsbut has to use the same subnet masks as the entire network and thus waste IPs. [9]While when we use VLSM different network segments may contain different subnetsas per there requirement and while even doing so they will still be able to interactwith each other using routers. The 2 main benefits of VLSM are: [9]a. Because of different subnet masks the broadcast from one subnet isnot transmitted to other subnets. Thus saves lots of bandwidth.b. It saves lots of IP, which is wasted instead. [9]
122.10 IPv4 and IPv6 (IP Address Version 4 and IP Address Version 6)IPv6 [6] security is in many ways the same as IPv4 [7] security. The basicmechanisms for transporting packets across the network stay mostly unchanged, andthe upper-layer protocols that transport the actual application data are mostlyunaffected. However, because IPv6 mandates the inclusion of IP Security (IPsec) [8],it has often been stated that IPv6 is more secure than IPv4.The 32 bit decimal format of IPv4 provides only 4.2 billion addresses. [10]The world population is now 5 billion. [10] Nowadays it's nearly impossible to getclass A and class B Internet IP addresses. IPv6 is a final solution. [10] At the meantime, some techniques are used to extend the life of IPv4. [10] They are privateaddressing (with NAT for Internet access), IP unnumbered (for router serialinterfaces), and Variable Length Subnet mask (VLSM). [10] IPv6 and IPv4 are twocompletely separate protocols. [11] IPv6 is not backwards compatible with IPv4, andIPv4 hosts and routers wi
Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is a means to specify a different subnet mask for the same network number on different subnets. With VLSM, a network administrator can use a long mask on networks with few hosts and a short mask on subnets with many hosts. To use VLSM, the routing protocol must support it.
Lab - Design and Implement a VLSM Addressing Scheme Topology Objectives Part 1: Examine Network Requirements Part 2: Design the VLSM Address Scheme Part 3: Cable and Configure the IPv4 Network Background / Scenario Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) was designed to avoid wasting IP addresses. With VLSM, a network is subnetted and then re-subnetted.
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Tecniche CIDR/VLSM Il protocollo IPv4 venne ideato e standardizzato nel 1981 (vedi RFC-791), agli albori dell'era dei computer ma la diffusione capillare dei PC causò una continua richiesta di indirizzi IP per collegarsi al WWW e venne quindi introdotta la tecnica subnetting. VLSM
ing (CIDR), which used variable-length subnet masking (VLSM) to help conserve address space. With the introduction of CIDR and VLSM, Internet service providers (ISP) could now assign one part of a classful network to one customer and a different part to another cus-tomer. This discontiguous address assignmentby ISPs was paralleled by the .
“Am I my Brother’s Keeper?” You Bet You Are! James 5:19-20 If every Christian isn’t familiar with 2 Timothy 3:16-17, every Christian should be. There the Apostle Paul made what most believe is the most important statement in the Bible about the Bible. He said: “All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in .
